Tyrone Williams

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

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Co-Authors

Douglas Nace

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

William E. Collins

University of Oklahoma Medical Center

JoAnn S. Sullivan

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

John W. Barnwell

Sinai Grace Hospital

G. Gale Galland

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Allison E. Williams

Bay Pines VA Healthcare System

Amy Bounngaseng

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

James J. Sullivan

University of South Carolina

Katharine K. Grady

Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria

Geoffrey M. Jeffery

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Cooperative Institutions

Emory University

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

University of Georgia

Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria

National Center for Infectious Diseases

Emory and Henry College

National Institutes of Health

Emory National Primate Research Center

University of Oxford

Kenya Medical Research Institute

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Observations on the Exoerythrocytic Stages of Different Isolates of Plasmodium cynomolgi in Hepatocytes of New World Aotus and Saimiri Monkeys

Journal of Parasitology (2006)

JoAnn S. Sullivan Ann Stewart Amy Bounngaseng James J. Sullivan Douglas Nace

Sporozoites of 3 isolates of Plasmodium cynomolgi dissected from the salivary glands of Anopheles dirus and Anopheles quadrimaculatus were injected intravenously into 9 New World monkeys. Liver stage parasites were demonstrated in all 9 animals; 7 of these animals also produced blood stages after prepatent periods of 9 to 23 days.

Plasmodium (life cycle)

10.1645/ge-3520rn.1

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Citations (1)

ADAPTATION OF A STRAIN OF PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM FROM GHANA TO AOTUS LEMURINUS GRISEIMEMBRA, A. NANCYMAI, AND A. VOCIFERANS MONKEYS

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (2003)

JoAnn S. Sullivan James J. Sullivan Allison E. Williams Katharine K. Grady Amy Bounngaseng

A strain of Plasmodium falciparum from Ghana was adapted to Aotus lemurinus griseimembra, A. nancymai, and A. vociferans monkeys. Gametocytes in splenectomized A. nancymai were infective to Anopheles freeborni mosquitoes. Sporozoite transmission was accomplished in two splenectomized A. nancymai with prepatent periods of 22 and 25 days. The Ghana III/CDC strain of P. falciparum is susceptible to treatment with chloroquine and mefloquine.

Strain (injury)

10.4269/ajtmh.2003.69.593

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Citations (18)

ISOLATES OF PLASMODIUM INUI ADAPTED TO MACACA MULATTA MONKEYS AND LABORATORY-REARED ANOPHELINE MOSQUITOES FOR EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

Journal of Parasitology (2007)

William E. Collins JoAnn S. Sullivan G. Gale Galland Douglas Nace Allison E. Williams

Plasmodium inui is a parasite of macaques and other nonhuman primates in Asia that is studied as a model for the human malaria parasite P. malariae. Presented here are descriptions of the isolation, passage histories into Macaca mulatta monkeys, and infectivity to different Anopheles spp. mosquitoes of 18 different isolates of this parasite.

Infectivity

Plasmodium (life cycle)

Plasmodium malariae

Isolation

10.1645/ge-1035r.1

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Citations (12)

Infection of Mosquitoes with Plasmodium falciparum by Feeding on Humans and on Aotus Monkeys

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (2009)

William E. Collins Geoffrey M. Jeffery JoAnn S. Sullivan Douglas Nace Tyrone Williams

Of 1,004 positive lots of mosquitoes fed on 229 humans infected with Plasmodium falciparum , 46.2% had 1–10 oocysts/(+)gut, 21.2% had 10–30 oocysts/(+)gut, 22.2% had 30–100 oocysts/(+)gut, and 10.4% had > 100 oocysts/(+) gut. The highest levels of infection occurred between 6 and 15 days after the peak in the asexual parasite count. Of 2,281 lots of Anopheles freeborni mosquitoes fed on splenectomized Aotus monkeys infected with the Santa Lucia strain of P. falciparum, 1,191 were infected (52.2%). The highest intensity infections ranged from 2.78 oocysts per positive gut in mosquitoes fed on Aotus vociferans to 6.08 oocysts per positive gut for those fed on A. lemurinus griseimembra to 10.4 oocysts per positive gut for those fed on A. nancymaae . The pattern of infection for mosquitoes fed on splenectomized Aotus monkeys was similar to that obtained by feeding on humans, but the intensity, based on oocyst/(+)gut, was much lower.

Plasmodium (life cycle)

10.4269/ajtmh.2009.81.529

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Citations (3)

The Chesson Strain of Plasmodium vivax in Humans and Different Species of Aotus Monkeys

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (2009)

William E. Collins JoAnn S. Sullivan Geoffrey M. Jeffery Allison E. Williams G. Gale Galland

Comparison was made between the parasitemia of Chesson strain Plasmodium vivax in humans and in splenectomized Aotus lemurinus griseimembra, A. nancymaae, A. vociferans, and A. azarae boliviensis monkeys. In the monkeys, 56.3% of the animals had maximum counts > 25,000/muL and in humans 59.6% were above this peak parasitemia. In humans, it took an average of 9.3 days to reach the maximum parasite count. In monkeys with no previous infections, it took an average of 18.9 days to reach the maximum parasite count; for those with previous infections, it took an average of 15 days. Human and nonhuman primate data on this parasite suggest that splenectomized Aotus monkeys, particularly A. lemurinus griseimembra, and to a somewhat lesser extent A. vociferans, can mimic the course of Chesson malaria in humans regarding parasitemia and mosquito infection.

Cebidae

Plasmodium (life cycle)

10.4269/ajtmh.2009.80.152

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Citations (12)

ASSESSMENT OF TRANSMISSION-BLOCKING ACTIVITY OF CANDIDATE Pvs25 VACCINE USING GAMETOCYTES FROM CHIMPANZEES

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (2006)

William E. Collins John W. Barnwell JoAnn S. Sullivan Douglas Nace Tyrone Williams

Macaca mulatta monkeys were immunized with the candidate transmission-blocking vaccine against Plasmodium vivax , Pvs25, combined with alum or Montanide ISA 720. Efficacy was measured by combining post-immunization sera with gametocytes obtained from infections induced in chimpanzees using membrane-feeding techniques. The results indicate that immunization of M. mulatta monkeys with Pvs25 and Montanide ISA 720 was more effective than with alum in efficacy and resulted in the maintenance of a lasting transmission-blocking immunity to P. vivax. This was evident two weeks after the second immunization, and more strongly demonstrable 62 and 152 days after the second immunization. This transmission-blocking activity was strongly reinforced by a third immunization given 181 days after the primary immunization, as measured three weeks later by indirect membrane feeding. The use of gametocytes of P. vivax derived from infections induced in chimpanzees can contribute to the selection of appropriate constructs, formulations, and immunization regimens for the development of effective transmission-blocking vaccines.

Blocking (statistics)

Alum

Active immunization

10.4269/ajtmh.2006.74.215

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Citations (34)

PRELIMINARY OBSERVATIONS ON THE EFFICACY OF A RECOMBINANT MULTISTAGE PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM VACCINE IN AOTUS NANCYMAI MONKEYS

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (2005)

William E. Collins G. Gale Galland John W. Barnwell Venkatachalam Udhayakumar JoAnn S. Sullivan

A vaccine trial was conducted to determine the efficacy of a multicomponent candidate vaccine, FALVAC-1, against Plasmodium falciparum in Aotus nancymai monkeys. After two immunizations, animals were challenged intravenously with parasites of the Vietnam Oak Knoll (FVO) strain of P. falciparum. The primary outcome was to determine the protective response of the monkeys to immunization with the FALVAC-1 antigen produced in baculovirus when combined with different adjuvants (alum, QS-21, ASO2a, CRL1005/oil, and CRL1005/saline) as compared with FALVAC-1 with FCA/FIA and antigen alone. When compared with the monkeys immunized with FALVAC-1 alone, FALVAC-1 with FCA/FIA reduced the mean parasite count (to Day 11), reduced the mean accumulated parasitemia (through Day 11), and extended the number of days to treatment. None of the other 5 antigen-adjuvant combinations were able to provide discernable levels of protection based on log(parasitemia) and log(cumulative parasitemia) to Day 11.

10.4269/ajtmh.2005.73.686

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Citations (8)

AOTUS NANCYMAAE AS A POTENTIAL MODEL FOR THE TESTING OF ANTI-SPOROZOITE AND LIVER STAGE VACCINES AGAINST PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (2006)

William E. Collins JoAnn S. Sullivan Allison E. Williams Douglas Nace Tyrone Williams

The Santa Lucia strain of Plasmodium falciparum was transmitted to Aotus lemurinus griseimembra , A. azarae boliviensis , A. vociferans , and A. nancymaae monkeys by bite and by intravenous inoculation of sporozoites dissected from Anopheles freeborni , An. stephensi , An. gambiae , An. albimanus , and An. maculatus mosquitoes. The data obtained from these infections indicate that A. nancymaae can be considered a suitable host model when combined with the Santa Lucia strain of P. falciparum for the testing of candidate anti-sporozoite and liver stage vaccines.

Anopheles stephensi

Anopheles gambiae

10.4269/ajtmh.2006.74.422

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Citations (21)

Observations on the Vietnam Palo Alto Strain of Plasmodium vivax in Two Species of Aotus Monkeys

Journal of Parasitology (2005)

William E. Collins JoAnn S. Sullivan G. Gale Galland Allison E. Williams Douglas Nace

Thirty-three splenectomized Aotus lemurinus griseimembra monkeys with no previous experience with malaria were infected with the Vietnam Palo Alto strain of Plasmodium vivax. The median maximum parasite count was 280,000/μl. Nine splenectomized monkeys with previous infection with Plasmodium falciparum had median maximum parasite counts of 120,000/μl. Splenectomized Aotus nancymai monkeys supported infections at a lower level. Transmission via the bites of Anopheles dirus mosquitoes was obtained in a splenectomized A. lemurinus griseimembra, with a prepatent period of 31 days. It is estimated that between 1.5 × 108 and 1.6 × 109 parasites can be removed from an infected animal for molecular or diagnostic antigenic studies.

Strain (injury)

PALO

10.1645/ge-3417rn

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Citations (6)

Mosquito Infection Studies with Aotus Monkeys and Humans Infected with the Chesson Strain of Plasmodiun vivax

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (2012)

William E. Collins JoAnn S. Sullivan Geoffrey M. Jeffery Douglas Nace Tyrone Williams

Oocyst counts were compared between mosquitoes that fed on humans versus mosquitoes that fed on Aotus monkeys, both of which were infected with the Chesson strain of Plasmodium vivax. Oocyst counts obtained from mosquitoes fed on humans were almost 10-fold higher in number. Mosquitoes were more likely to be infected and with a higher rate of infection when they fed on monkeys before the peak in the asexual parasite count. Mosquitoes that fed on humans were more likely to be more heavily infected when fed after the peak in the asexual count. Of several species of owl monkeys, Aotus vociferans was infected at a higher frequency. On the basis of oocyst counts, Anopheles dirus were the most susceptible and An. maculatus were the least susceptible of the mosquito species tested.

Strain (injury)

10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0264

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Citations (4)