Christine Stewart, PhD1, Greg Simon, MD1, Irina Miroshnik, MS2, Brian Ahmedani, PhD3, Matthew Lakoma, BS2, Dana Larkin, BS3, Karen Niedenfuer, BS4, Robin Whitebird, PhD, MSW4, Carsie Nyirenda, BS5, Arne Beck, PhD5, Marvin Adams, BS6, Robert Davis, MD, MPH6, Mark Schmidt, BS7, Ameena Ahmed, MD, MPH7, Jamila Gul, BS8, Phillip Crawford, BS9, Frances Lynch, PhD9, Julie Liu, BS10 and Karen Coleman, PhD10 Health Research Institute Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute Henry Ford Health Systems Health Partners Research Foundation Kaiser Permanente Colorado Kaiser Permanente Georgia Kaiser Permanente Hawaii Kaiser Permanente Northern California Kaiser Permanente Northwest Kaiser Permanente Southern California
(1980). The Shamrock and the Tiki: Irish Nationalists and Maori Resistance in the 19th century. Journal of Intercultural Studies: Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 16-27.
Russia and America. The Roots of Economic Divergence. By Colin White, New York, Sydney, Croom Helm, 1987. Pp.268. £30.00. Mixed race children. A Study of Identity. By Anne Wilson, Allen and Unwin, London, 1987. Pp.x + 230. $29.95(pb). What Gifts Engender. Social Relations and Politics in Mendi Highland Papua New Guinea. By Rena Lederman, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1986. Pp. xii + 291. A$108.00. Celtic Papers. Third International Conference on Minority Languages. Multilingual Matters : 32, edited by Gearoid Mac Eoin, Anders Ahlquist and Donncha O hAodha, Clevedon, Philadelphia, Multilingual Matters Ltd., 1987. pp.146. £19.50. Key Issues in Bilingualism and Bilingual Education. By Colin Baker, Clevedon, Philadelphia, Multilingual Matters, 1988. pp.x + 222. £8.95. The Cultural Construction of Race. Edited by Marie de Lepervanche and Gillian Bottomley, Sydney Studies in Society and Culture, University of Sydney, 1988. Pp.139, n.p.s. Racial Theories. By Michael Banton, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. Pp. xix + 181. $25.00. Sectarian Violence: The Liverpool Experience, 1819–1914: An Aspect of Anglo‐Irish History. By Frank Neal, Manchester Unity Press. 1988. Pp.xii + 272. $137.00. Analyzing Intercultural Communication, Studies in Anthropological Linguistics 1. Edited by K. Knapp, W. Enninger and A. Knapp‐Potthoff. Berlin, New York, Amsterdam, Moutdon de Gruyter, 1987. Pp. viii + 319. Intergrammar: Toward an Integrative Model of Verbal, Prosodic and Kinesic Choices in Speech, Studies in Anthropological Linguistics 2. H. Arndt nd R.W. Janney. Berlin, New York, Amsterdam, Mouton de Gruyter. 1987. Pp. xvi + 458. Mistaken Identity. Multiculturalism and the Demise of Nationalism in Australia. By Stephen Castles, Mary Kalantzis, Bill Cope and Michael Morrissey. Sydney, Pluto Press, 1988. Pp. 152. $14.95 Migrant Hands in a Distant Land. Australia's Post‐War Immigration. By Jock Collins. Sydney, Pluto Press, 1988. Pp. ix + 302 $19.95.
A population-based series of incident cases of malignant glioma were analyzed for mutations in the tumor suppressor gene p53. Exons 4-8 were screened using PCR-single-strand conformation analysis and confirmed through direct sequencing. Of 62 tumors analyzed, 12 (19%) contained mutations in p53: one 18-bp duplication in exon 5, five point mutations in exon 4, three point mutations in exon 7, two point mutations in exon 8, and a splice-site mutation at the exon 6/intron 7 boundary. In contrast to previous studies of malignant glioma, the prevalence of transversion mutations (56%) was higher than transition mutations (33%). A large proportion of transversion mutations occurred in exon 4, a region that is not routinely screened in gliomas. We present here an improved method for screening exon 4 (and other GC-rich regions) of p53 using PCR-single-strand conformation analysis. The high frequency of transversion mutations suggests a role for exogenous carcinogens in the etiology of malignant glioma.
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) led to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak that became a pandemic in 2020, causing more than 30 million infections and 1 million deaths to date. As the scientific community has looked for vaccines and drugs to treat or eliminate the virus, unexpected features of the disease have emerged. Apart from respiratory complications, cardiovascular disease has emerged as a major indicator of poor prognosis in COVID-19. It has therefore become of utmost importance to understand how SARS-CoV-2 damages the heart. Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) cardiovascular derivatives were rapidly recognized as an invaluable tool to address this, not least because one of the major receptors for the virus is not recognized by SARS-CoV-2 in mice. Here, we outline how hPSC-derived cardiovascular cells have been utilized to study COVID-19, and their potential for further understanding the cardiac pathology and in therapeutic development.
Abstract The incidence of strawberry spoilage fungi in commercal plantations and on commercially harvested fruit from three different strawberry growing areas (East Norfolk, Wisbech area, County Wexford) were studied in relation to breakdown of sulphited fruit from these areas. Botrytis cinerea and Mucor piriformis were present on fruit from most plantations in the three areas whereas Rhizopus species were more prevalent on fruit from the Wisbech area. A higher proportion of stored fruit from the Wisbech area was spoiled by the Rhizopus spp., especially R. sexualls , whereas M. piriformis predominated on fruit from East Norfolk and County Wexford. A greater proportion of the sulphited fruit from the Wisbech area showed softening and disintegration which coincided with both a higher incidence of R. sexualis and of sulphited liquors showing detectable pectolytic activity. Comparison of the effect of the pre‐harvest fungicides Elvaron, Mildothane and Daconil, showed a similar incidence of M. piriformis and Rhizopus spp. on the fruit and subsequently there were no consistent differences in the amount of breakdown of sulphited fruit from the different treatments. A delay in sulphiting after the fruit had been harvested, especially when fruit was held at 15°C, usually resulted in complete disintegration during subsequent storage. The importance of reducing the interval between harvesting and sulphiting to a minimum is discussed together with other factors which may reduce the incidence of breakdown of sulphited fruit.
Background— Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) offer a new paradigm for modeling genetic cardiac diseases, but it is unclear whether mouse and human PSCs can truly model both gain- and loss-of-function genetic disorders affecting the Na + current ( I Na ) because of the immaturity of the PSC-derived cardiomyocytes. To address this issue, we generated multiple PSC lines containing a Na + channel mutation causing a cardiac Na + channel overlap syndrome. Method and Results— Induced PSC (iPSC) lines were generated from mice carrying the Scn5a 1798insD/ + (Scn5a-het) mutation. These mouse iPSCs, along with wild-type mouse iPSCs, were compared with the targeted mouse embryonic stem cell line used to generate the mutant mice and with the wild-type mouse embryonic stem cell line. Patch-clamp experiments showed that the Scn5a-het cardiomyocytes had a significant decrease in I Na density and a larger persistent I Na compared with Scn5a-wt cardiomyocytes. Action potential measurements showed a reduced upstroke velocity and longer action potential duration in Scn5a-het myocytes. These characteristics recapitulated findings from primary cardiomyocytes isolated directly from adult Scn5a-het mice. Finally, iPSCs were generated from a patient with the equivalent SCN5A 1795insD/ + mutation. Patch-clamp measurements on the derivative cardiomyocytes revealed changes similar to those in the mouse PSC-derived cardiomyocytes. Conclusion— Here, we demonstrate that both embryonic stem cell- and iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes can recapitulate the characteristics of a combined gain- and loss-of-function Na + channel mutation and that the electrophysiological immaturity of PSC-derived cardiomyocytes does not preclude their use as an accurate model for cardiac Na + channel disease.
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