A. Kumaresan

National Dairy Research Institute

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A. Manimaran

National Dairy Research Institute

T. K. Mohanty

National Dairy Research Institute

Tirtha Kumar Datta

National Dairy Research Institute

Sakthivel Jeyakumar

National Dairy Research Institute

Pradeep Nag

National Dairy Research Institute

K. P. Ramesha

Directorate of Rapeseed-Mustard Research

T. K. Patbandha

Kamdhenu University

Manish Kumar Sinha

National Dairy Research Institute

Nilendu Paul

National Dairy Research Institute

S. S. Layek

National Dairy Development Board

Cooperative Institutions

National Dairy Research Institute

291

Indian Council of Agricultural Research

127

Indian Veterinary Research Institute

ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region

Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University

National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology

National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources

Assam Agricultural University

Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute

All India Institute of Medical Sciences

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β-Defensins: Antimicrobial Peptides at the Intersection of Immunity and Male Fertility

Vipul Batra A. Kumaresan Rakesh Kumar Tirtha Kumar Datta

The mammalian spermatozoon is a consequence of extensive and intricate biochemical, physiological, and morphological cellular differentiation events which take place in the testes during a spermatozoon's development. However, the testicular still requires distinct post-gonadal modification events in the various sperm surface biomolecules to become competent to fertilize the oocyte. The chronological interactions of the sperm occurring sequentially with the surrounding medium of the three distinct epididymal regions are believed to conclude the final steps of spermatogenesis. A number of secretagogues, e.g., the highly glycosylated and negatively charged, cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptides, β-defensins (BDs), are applied onto sperm surface which assist the spermatozoa in survival during its tortuous journey in the female reproductive tract (FRT) and are added on spermatozoa surface. Hitherto thought of as effectors of the innate immune system, recent research has revealed multiple and potentially epistatic roles of these proteins which possess the widest taxonomical distribution. Their role in reproduction especially in male fertility has gained considerable attention in the last two decades. The BDs have crucial roles to play in sperm cervical mucus penetration, capacitation, and zona-recognition. Furthermore, these multifunctional molecules "cross talk" with the adaptive immune system and can modulate the host's immune-competent cell responses, e.g., those mounted against the spermatozoa in the FRT. Overall, these AMPs constitute an important, nonspecific component of the innate immunity in animals and humans with potential reproductive immunobiological roles in multiple mammalian species including the ruminants.

Spermatozoon

Capacitation

Reproductive immunology

10.1007/978-981-19-0116-4_15

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Citations (2)

Reproductive performance of crossbred dairy cows reared under traditional low input production system in the eastern Himalayas

Tropical Animal Health and Production (2008)

A. Kumaresan P Prabhakaran K. M. Bujarbaruah Kamla Pathak Bijoy Chhetri

Sire

10.1007/s11250-008-9155-0

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Citations (14)

Homologous transplantation of fluorescently labelled enriched buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) spermatogonial stem cells to prepubertal recipients

The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences (2020)

Ankur Sharma A. Kumaresan Narendra Nala Manish Tiwari Mayank Roshan

Spermatogonial stem cell transplantation provides a unique opportunity to study the biology of spermatogenesis and also offers an alternative approach for genetic modification in large animals. The present study aimed to extend this technique to the water buffalo. Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) were isolated from prepubertal buffalo testes (3-6 months of age) using two-step enzymatic digestion method and enriched by differential plating and Percoll density gradient centrifugation. The enriched SSCs expressed numerous spermatogonial transcriptional markers, viz. ID4, THY1, BCL6B, UCHL1, ETV5 and REX1 which confirmed their bonafide SSC identity. Subsequently, the enriched SSCs were labelled with a fluorescent dye PKH26 and transplanted into buffalo calves under ultrasound guidance. The recipient testes were recovered after 7-8 weeks by castration and their fluorescence microscopebased examination exhibited the persistence and localization of the fluorescent donor cells within the recipient seminiferous tubules. Further validation was done by the flow cytometric evaluation of PKH26 labeled donor cells among those isolated by two-step enzymatic digestion of recipient testicular parenchyma. In conclusion, we demonstrated the feasibility of SSC transplantation technique in the water buffalo.

Differential centrifugation

Percoll

Parenchyma

Bubalus

10.56093/ijans.v90i5.104608

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Citations (1)

Effect of different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide on indigenous bull sperm motility

International Journal of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry (2024)

Hiralben Prabhatsinh Thakor Apoorva Verma Kamaraj Elango Vedamurthy GV A. Manimaran

Spermatozoa are susceptible to oxidative stress due to their varying levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the plasma membrane and oxidative stress affects sperm functions essential for fertilization. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), produced by dead or immature spermatozoa, is one of the major reasons for oxidative stress. In this study, we induced oxidative stress in Deoni bull spermatozoa by incubating them with different concentrations (10 μM, 25 μM, and 50 μM) of H2O2 at various time intervals (0 minutes, 30 minutes, and 60 minutes). Sperm motility was assessed at 30 and 60 minutes of incubation. At 30 minutes, the percentage of sperm motility in the control group was 60.8±1.3, while in concentrations of 25 μM and 50 μM, it decreased significantly to 45.8±1.5 and 27.7±2.2, respectively, indicating a notable decrease in sperm motility. After 60 minutes of incubation with concentrations of 25 μM and 50 μM, spermatozoa exhibited motility percentages of 26.5±1.9 and 14.0±1.1, respectively. It is inferred that sperm motility decreased significantly (p

10.22271/veterinary.2024.v9.i2l.1302

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Genom‐wide analysis identifies single nucleotide polymorphism variations and altered pathways associated with poor semen quality in breeding bulls

Reproduction in Domestic Animals (2022)

John Peter Ebenezer Samuel King A. Kumaresan Thirumala Rao Talluri Manish Kumar Sinha Kathan Raval

The reason for poor semen quality among the breeding bulls is not well understood. In the present study, we performed high-throughput RNAseq analysis of spermatozoa to identify the SNPs present in good and poor-quality semen-producing Holstein Friesian breeding bulls. A total of 21,360 and 44,650 SNPs were identified in good and poor-quality semen with a minimum read depth of 20, among which 4780 and 8710 novel variants were observed in good and poor-quality semen, respectively. Greater SNPs and indels variations were observed in poor compared to good-quality semen. In poor-quality semen, SNP variations were observed in ZNF280B, SLC26A2, DMXL1, OR52A1, MACROD2 and REV1 genes, which are associated with regulation of spermatogenesis, post-testicular maturation, Cl- channel activity, V-ATPase-mediated intracellular vesicle acidification, a mono-ADP-ribosyl hydrolase and ATR-Chk1 checkpoint activation. GO analysis of filtered genes with significant variations between good and poor-quality semen showed enrichment in important pathways related to semen quality such as MAPK signalling pathway, Akt signalling pathway, focal adhesion, cAMP signalling pathway, and Rap1 signalling pathway. Network analysis of filtered genes in poor-quality semen showed variations in pathways of purine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, prolactin signalling pathway and RNA cap-binding complex. It is inferred that SNP in genes involved in maintaining sperm functions could be the reason for poor-quality semen production in bulls, and the identified SNPs hold potential to be used as biomarkers for semen quality in bulls.

Semen quality

10.1111/rda.14185

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Citations (7)

High-throughput proteomic characterization of seminal plasma from bulls with contrasting semen quality

3 Biotech (2023)

Kamaraj Elango Thirumalaisamy Karuthadurai A. Kumaresan Manish Kumar Sinha John Peter Ebenezer Samuel King

Semen quality

Capacitation

10.1007/s13205-023-03474-6

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Citations (7)

Differential expression of bovine major acute phase proteins, cytokines and metabolic indicator genes in clinical endometritis cows

The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences (2019)

A. Manimaran A. Kumaresan Souvendra Nath Sarkar Sanjanna Boya L S Sreela

Among the uterine diseases, clinical endometritis (CE) is a major challenge to livestock farming as it causes sub- or infertility problems in dairy animals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of cytokines (IL- 1Î², TNF-Î±, IL-6, and IL-8), acute phase proteins [APPs; haptoglobin (Hp), serum amyloid A (SAA) and alpha-1 acid glycoprotein (AGP)] and energy indicators [leptin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1] genes in uterine tissue of CE affected cows. The uterine biopsy from CE cows (4) and non-endometritis cows (4) was processed for quantitative real-time PCR to study the mRNA expression of these innate immune molecules. We observed that mRNA expression of SAA, IL-1Î², IL-8 and leptin genes were significantly up-regulated while, TNF-Î± and IGF-I genes were significantly down-regulated in CE cows. It can be concluded that bovine APPs, cytokines and energy indicators genes are differentially expressed in CE affected cows.

Endometritis

Haptoglobin

10.56093/ijans.v89i4.89139

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Citations (3)

Episodes of clinical mastitis and its relationship with duration of treatment and seasonality in crossbred cows maintained in organized dairy farm

Veterinary World (2016)

Narender Kumar A. Manimaran A. Kumaresan L S Sreela T. K. Patbandha

Aim: Present study aimed to evaluate the different episodes of clinical mastitis (CM) and influence of duration of treatment and seasonality on the occurrence of different episodes of CM in crossbred cows.Materials and Methods: A total of 1194 lactation data of crossbred CM cows were collected from mastitis treatment record from 2002 to 2012.Data of CM cows were classified into types of episodes (pattern of repeated or multiple episodes occurrence) and number of episodes (magnitude of multiple cases).Types of episodes were divided as single (clinical cure by a single episode of treatment), relapse (retreatment of the same cow within 21 days), recurrence (new CM at least 21 days after treatment), and both (relapse and recurrence).The season was classified as winter (December to March), summer (April to June), rainy (July to September), and autumn (October to November).The difference between incidences of different types of CM episodes and the association between number or type of CM episodes with duration of treatment and seasons of CM occurrence were analyzed by Chi-square test.Results: Among 1194 animals suffered with CM, 53, 16, and 18% had the single episode, relapse, and recurrence, respectively; while 13% suffered by both relapse and recurrence.We estimated the duration of treatment and found 80% of the cows treated 1-8 days, in which 65% treated for 1-4 days, while 35% cows were treated for 5-8 days.Further, 12% cows treated for 9-15 days and 7.5% cows treated >15 days.The relationship between duration of treatment and different episodes of CM revealed that 1-8 days treated cows were mostly cured by the single episode with less relapse and recurrence.In contrast, the incidences of recurrence and relapse episodes were higher in cows treated for more than 9 days.The highest incidence of relapse was noticed in winter (36%) than other seasons (10-28%), while the recurrence was less during autumn (9%) compared to other seasons (20-40%).Conclusion: Cows those suffered by both relapse and recurrence were more susceptible to CM, and they need to be culled from farm to control the transmission of infections.Although the influence of seasonality was difficult to understand, the higher magnitude of relapse and recurrence during winter suggested the adverse effects of cold stress on treatment outcome.

Seasonality

10.14202/vetworld.2016.75-79

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Citations (20)

Sperm phenotypic characteristics and oviduct binding ability are altered in breeding bulls with high sperm DNA fragmentation index

Theriogenology (2021)

Pradeep Nag A. Kumaresan Sivamanikandan Akshaya A. Manimaran D. Rajendran

Oviduct

Acrosome reaction

10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.06.006

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Citations (17)

Differential proteomic profile of spermatogenic and Sertoli cells from peri-pubertal testes of three different bovine breeds

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology (2014)

Utkarsh Kumar Tripathi Muhammad Aslam Shashank Pandey Samiksha Nayak Shivani Chhillar

Sub-fertility is one of the most common problems observed in crossbred males, but the etiology remains unknown in most of the cases. Although proteomic differences in the spermatozoa and seminal plasma between breeds have been investigated, the possible differences at the sperm precursor cells and supporting/nourishing cells have not been studied. The present study reports the differential proteomic profile of spermatogenic and Sertoli cells in crossbred and purebred bulls. Testis was removed by unilateral castration of 12 peri-pubertal bulls (10 months age), four each from crossbred (Holstein Friesian × Tharparkar), exotic purebred [Holstein Friesian (HF)] and indigenous purebred [Tharparkar (TP)] bulls. Spermatogenic and Sertoli cells were isolated and subjected to proteomic analysis. Protein extracts from the Sertoli and spermatogenic cells of each breed were analyzed with 2-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and analyzed with Decyder™ software. Compared to HF, 26 protein spots were over expressed and 14 protein spots were under expressed in spermatogenic cells of crossbred bulls. Similarly, 7 protein spots were over expressed and 15 protein spots were under expressed in the spermatogenic cells of TP bulls compared to that of crossbred bulls. Out of 12 selected protein spots identified through mass spectrometry, Phosphatidyl ethanolamine binding protein was found to be over expressed in the spermatogenic cells of crossbred bulls compared to TP bulls. The protein, gamma actin was found to be over expressed in the Sertoli cells of HF bulls, whereas Speedy Protein-A was found to be over expressed in Sertoli cells of crossbred bulls. It may be concluded that certain proteomic level differences exist in sperm precursor cells and nourishing cells between breeds, which might be associated with differences in the fertility among these breeds.

Purebred

10.3389/fcell.2014.00024

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Citations (33)