Abstract It is still a critical challenge to prepare engineering plastics with multi‐functionalities and high‐performances while considering their aesthetic properties and dyeing processes. In this study, a light‐colored conductive nanorod (CNR) was employed to mediate the morphology of immiscible polypropylene/poly(butylene succinate) (PP/PBS) blends. The CNR could be only located in polar PBS phase to effectively control the viscoelasticity ratio between binary phases. By incorporating just 9 per hundred resins (phr) of CNR, the sea‐island structure of PP/PBS (70/30) would transform a stable co‐continuous morphology of PP/PBS/CNR (70/30/9). The addition of CNR led to a significant reduction in blends' surface resistivity and volume resistivity. Simultaneously, the mechanical properties and appearance colors of the ternary blends were improved. The effect of CNR in morphological mediation was further verified with PP/poly(butylene adipate terephthalate)/CNR (PP/PBAT/CNR) and PP/poly( ε ‐caprolactone)/CNR (PP/PCL/CNR) blends. In summary, this work provided a desirable engineering plastic, demonstrating permanent antistatic performance, improved mechanical properties and good colorability.
The aim of the present investigation was to develop a phosphor to solve the flickering luminescence of alternating current (AC) light-emitting diodes (LED) by compensating the dark duration with appropriately persistent luminescence. The phosphor SrAl 2 O 4 : Eu 2+ co-doped with Y 3+ or Dy 3+ was synthesized via solid-state reaction with H 3 BO 3 as flux. The crystal structure and morphology were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), respectively. The photoluminescence spectra were collected with a fluorescence spectrometer. The results demonstrated that appropriate amount of Y 3+ or DY 3+ doped was beneficial to suppress the by-product of Sr 4 Al 14 O 25 which easily co-existed with the SrAl 2 O 4 phase brought by the flux of H 3 BO 3 . However, too much Y 3+ or DY 3+ doped resulted in the formation of another impurity phase, i.e., the yttrium aluminum garnet of Y 3 Al 5 O 12 and Dy 3 Al 5 O 12 . Comparatively, the doped DY 3+ was more helpful in prolonging the persistent luminescence, while Y 3+ was more efficient in enhancing luminescence intensity. To demonstrate the feasibility of the phosphor applied in AC LEDs, a nearly white AC LED was fabricated by coating the phosphor on a blue AC LED chip. The persistent luminescence was radiated from the AC LED device after turning power off. Moreover, the effect of the phosphor on compensating the AC LED dark duration through persistent luminescence was revealed by using the Keyence VW-9000 High-speed Microscope for the first time.
Abstract Four Pakistani coal samples, in pulverized and screened form, were subjected to density separation, using a series of liquids of various densities, to obtain sink–float fractions. These fractions were extracted with ammonium acetate solution. The virgin, as well as the residual, sink–float fractions were ashed and the ashes were dissolved in an acid mixture. The solutions were analyzed for identification of Cu, Mn, Zn, Fe, Ca and Mg (combined), Na, and K. Some of these elements were found to be associated with float fractions. However, a considerable amount has been found to be concentrated in sink fractions. The results also show that substantial amounts of the elements have been leached with ammonium acetate solution, which indicate their organic affinity. It is inferred, from the results, that density separation can be effectively used for the removal of inorganic elements from these coals. The method also provides a basis to study the organically based elements.
The intake of toxic metals from cooking utensils through food is of growing concern to the medical community. This intake poses serious risk to human health. In many developing countries, different types of contaminated metals scraps are used to make cooking utensils. The leaching of both nutritionally essential and toxic metals in significant quantities from cookware during the cooking process results in food contamination and poses a substantial health risk. In the present study, the leaching of some toxic and potentially toxic metals from cooking utensils into different solutions and food was investigated. A preliminary survey indicated that the majority of individuals tend to use aluminum cookware due to its affordability, overlooking the potential health risks associated with these inexpensive and lower-quality cooking utensils. XRF analysis revealed that aluminum, steel, and copper cookware had K, Ca, Pb, Cd, Ni, V, Sn Mo, Zn, Bi, and Tb as contaminants. In addition, aluminum (3.2 ± 0.25 to 4.64 ± 0.20 g/kg) and copper cookware (2.90 ± 0.12 g/kg) were highly contaminated with lead. The time and pH-dependent study revealed that leaching of metals (Al, Pb, Ni, Cr, Cd, Cu, and Fe, etc.) into food was predominantly from anodized and non-anodized aluminum cookware. More metal leaching was observed from new aluminum cookware compared to old. Acidic food was found to cause more metals to leach during cooking. Blood metal analysis of the local population revealed the presence of high concentrations of Al, Pb, Cd, and Ni. In conclusion, leaching of toxic or potentially toxic metals from cookware into food, especially from anodized and non-anodized aluminum cookware, poses a potential public health risk. Practical applications: Cooking utensils are routinely used for the preparation of food. However, the harmful impact posed by these essential items is largely unknown. The current research briefly explains the toxic metals leaching from cookware in a pH-dependent manner and leaves a message to the public, especially in developing countries like Pakistan, regarding the type of cookware suitable for cooking purposes.
Two crude oil samples collected from Tangri and Paniro ( Sindh Pak oilfields ) were fractionated into gaso line , kerosene and diesel range fractions. The distillate fractions were investigated from different aspects . Various physicochemical studies were carried out for the analysis of both of these crudes and their daughter fractions. The results demonstrated that Tangri crude is lighter , easily transportable , more paraffinic , having higher calorific value , lower aromatic contents , little tendency towards smoke formation as compared to Paniro crude oil
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