Donatella Vincenti

Istituto Nazionale per le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani

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Maria Rosaria Capobianchi

Istituto Nazionale per le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani

Enrico Girardi

Istituto Nazionale per le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani

Delia Goletti

Istituto Nazionale per le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani

Giuseppe Ippolito

Weifang Medical University

Stefano Menzo

Marche Polytechnic University

Silvia Carrara

Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico

Mariacarmela Solmone

Azienda Ospedaliera Sant'Andrea

Eleonora Lalle

Istituto Nazionale per le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani

Miriam Lichtner

Sapienza University of Rome

Gabriella Rozera

Istituto Nazionale per le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani

Cooperative Institutions

Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico

273

Istituto Nazionale per le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani

248

University of Rome Tor Vergata

University of Milan

Sapienza University of Rome

Center for Prevention and Treatment of Infections

Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore

University of Turin

University of Siena

Ospedale San Paolo

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Effects of peptidic fractions from Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture on growth and metabolism of the ruminal bacteria Megasphaera elsdenii

Animal Research (2004)

Filippo Rossi Aldo Di Luccia Donatella Vincenti Pier Sandro Cocconcelli

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of peptide fractions purified from a Saccharomyces cerevisiae product on the growth of the ruminal bacterium Megasphaera elsdenii.Such compounds have been shown to affect the growth and metabolism of M. elsdenii, the ruminal bacteria which uses lactate the most.A hydrophilic fraction purified by means of HPLC has proven to stimulate cell growth, the production of butyrate (+100%) and valerate (+76.1%) as well as the metabolization of lactate (+ 16.9%).This chromatographic fraction was further characterized and seven positively charged peptides were identified.It was observed that two peptides rich in lysine and histidine were the most effective in stimulating growth (+ 18.5%) and lactate utilization (+ 74.1%) in M. elsdenii.These results show that, in addition to previously studied factors such as the supply of nutrients or oxygen removal, the presence of peptidic fractions is involved in the stimulation of bacterial growth by S. cerevisiae. Megasphaera elsdenii / rumen / Saccharomyces cerevisiae / peptidesRésumé -Effet des fractions peptidiques purifiées de Saccharomyces cerevisiae sur le développement et le métabolisme de la bactérie ruminale Megasphaera elsdenii.L'effet de fractions protéiques, purifiées à partir d'un produit commercial à base de cellules de Saccharomyces cerevisiae, sur le développement de Megasphaera elsdenii a été évalué.Ces composés ont montré une certaine influence sur le développement et sur le métabolisme de la bactérie M. elsdenii, qui est la bactérie ruminale qui utilise majoritairement l'acide lactique.Une fraction hydrophile purifiée par HPLC a stimulé l'accroissement cellulaire, la production d'acide butyrique (+ 100 %) et valérique (+ 76,1 %), et l'utilisation d'acide lactique (+ 16,9 %).Cette fraction chromatographique a été ultérieurement caractérisée, et sept peptides chargés positivement ont été identifiés.

10.1051/animres:2004009

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Citations (43)

Different Cytokine Production and Effector/Memory Dynamics of αβ+ or γδ+ T-Cell Subsets in the Peripheral Blood of Patients with Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis

International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology (2003)

Cristiana Gioia Chiara Agrati Delia Goletti Donatella Vincenti Silvia Carrara

Immunity to M.tuberculosis (MTB) infection consists of interactions between various T-cell subsets that control the infection and prevent further reactivation. We analysed the effector/memory T-cell dynamics and cytokines production in the peripheral blood of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). We observed that the frequency of CD4 + T-cell effectors was significantly increased during active TB, confirming a major role of this T-cell subset in TB immunity. Pre-terminally differentiated CD8 + T-lymphocytes were increased in the peripheral blood as well. In contrast, we observed a reduced number of effector mycobacteria-reactive γδ + T-lymphocytes with a specific defects in reacting to mycobacterial nonpeptidic antigens, suggesting that this innate response is rapidly lost during TB infection. Nevertheless, the frequency of γδ + T-cells effectors in TB patients was higher than the αβ + T-cell response to peptide from MTB-ESAT-6 protein and quantitatively similar to PPD reactivity. Thus, αβ + and γδ + T-cell differentiation and function are differently triggered by active TB infection.

Memory T cell

10.1177/039463200301600310

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Citations (29)

EBOLA Ag K-SeT rapid test: field evaluation in Sierra Leone

Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2017)

Francesca Colavita Mirella Biava Pascal Mertens Quentin Gilleman Céline Borlon

Ebolavirus

10.1016/j.cmi.2017.10.019

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Citations (12)

Slow Response to Entecavir Treatment in Treatment-Naive HBV Patients is Conditioned by Immune Response Rather than by the Presence or Selection of Refractory Variants

Antiviral Therapy (2013)

Mariacarmela Solmone Emanuela Giombini Donatella Vincenti Gabriella Rozera Angela Testa

Background Entecavir is the drug of choice as first-line treatment for treatment-naive HBV patients. As a result of the high genetic barrier to resistance, treatment failure remains rare, but occurs within 3 years of initiation, suggesting that viral genetic characteristics may provide a fast lane to resistance. One of the main concerns is the long time to viral suppression observed in some (even treatment-naive) patients. The reasons for this phenomenon were investigated in a group of chronic hepatitis B treatment-naive patients. Methods Out of 23 treatment-naive patients starting entecavir, the 5 with the best and those with the worst viral load decay curves were selected for the study. Quasispecies analysis was performed for the reverse transcriptase/hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) open reading frame (ORF) by ultra-deep pyrosequencing. For each patient, the analysis was performed at baseline (T0) and when viraemia reached between 15,000 and 200 IU/ml (T1). Results The few resistance mutations present at T0 were not selected by treatment; no other resistance mutations or suggestive mutational patterns were selected at T1. Selective pressure analysis indicated that both at T0 and T1 the HBsAg ORF was subjected to a significantly higher pressure in rapid responders, especially in a region rich in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes. Conclusions The results did not provide evidence that a slower response to entecavir is due to the emergence of less sensitive variants. Rather, the lower selective pressure and variability in humoral and CTL epitopes in slow responders suggests that their immune response might be at odds in rapidly clearing infected cells from the liver.

Entecavir

CTL*

Viral quasispecies

HBeAg

Hepatitis B

10.3851/imp2700

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Citations (9)

The contribution of the European high containment laboratories during the 2014–2015 Ebola Virus Disease emergency

Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2016)

Carla Nisii Donatella Vincenti Francesco Maria Fusco Jonas Schmidt‐Chanasit Caroline Carbonnelle

Containment (computer programming)

Ebolavirus

10.1016/j.cmi.2016.07.003

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Citations (4)

Biochemical and molecular investigations on qualitative and quantitative Hb polymorphism in the river buffalo (Bubalus bubalis L.) population reared in Southern Italy

Genetics and Molecular Biology (2004)

Mario Iorio Donatella Vincenti Mario Annunziata Rosario Rullo Raffaele Bonamassa

On 398 river buffalo samples, randomly collected in distinct breeding areas of the Campania region, high-resolution analytical systems were used to identify both qualitative and quantitative variations of the Hb phenotype. Polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing and HPLC were used to determine the ratio between HBA1 and HBA2 globin chains; restriction endonuclease analysis was performed to assess whether quantitative variations in Hb bands were related to an unusual number of a-globin genes. In the two buffalo subpopulations, allele frequencies of the alpha and beta globin systems were calculated, and F statistics (FIS, FIT and FST) were estimated as parameters of genetic diversity. The results suggest that: i) as shown by RFLP analysis, only a couple of associated a globin genes account for the quantitative variations recorded at the phenotypic level; ii) as expected, in the a globin gene system (HBA), the frequency of haplotype B (HBA-B) largely exceeded that of haplotype A (HBA-A) (95.1% vs 4.9%); iii) the frequency of the usual allele at the beta locus is 0.6, as opposed to 0.4 of the slow variant; iiii) the most significant component of variation of the genetic system of hemoglobin is between individuals within the same location.

Bubalus

10.1590/s1415-47572004000200007

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Citations (8)

In vitro cross‐linking of calf lens α‐crystallin by malondialdehyde

International journal of peptide & protein research (1994)

Teodosio Libondi Raffaele Ragone Donatella Vincenti Paola Stiuso G Auricchio

The effect of malondialdehyde on structural features of bovine x‐crystallin has been investigated by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy as well as by far‐UV circular dichroism. Experimental evidence suggests the occurrence of intermolecular cross‐linking induced by malondialdehyde. This cross‐linking does not seem to affect the tryptophan environment, as suggested by intrinsic protein fluorescence. On the contrary, the time dependence of far‐UV dichroic activity indicates that the cross‐linking is accompanied by a secondary structure change. The formation of high molecular mass aggregates, evidenced by electrophoresis in denaturing conditions, leads to irreversible x‐crystallin aggregation due to extensive intermolecular cross‐linking. Since malondialdehyde is produced in vivo as a breakdown product of lipid peroxidation, the possible involvement of this molecule in the pathological mechanism of cataract formation has been briefly discussed. © Munksgaard 1994.

Malondialdehyde

Crystallin

10.1111/j.1399-3011.1994.tb01018.x

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Citations (22)

586 METHODS FOR VIRAL POPULATION RECONSTRUCTION VIA ULTRA-DEEP PYROSEQUENCING: HEPATITIS B VIRUS CASE STUDY

Journal of Hepatology (2009)

Mattia Prosperi Alessandro Bruselles Donatella Vincenti Mariacarmela Solmone Isabella Abbate

Pyrosequencing

10.1016/s0168-8278(09)60588-2

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Citations (0)

Utilizzo di nuovi test immunologici nella diagnostica dell’infezione da M. tuberculosis

Microbiologia medica (2006)

Ilaria Sauzullo Fabio Mengoni Miriam Lichtner Raffaella Rossi Donatella Vincenti

New in vitro test, the Interferon-γ assay, has now emerged for diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Newer assays based on the immune response to ESAT-6 and CFP-10 antigens from the RD1 of M. tuberculosis may have advantages over TST, in terms of higher specificity, better correlation with exposure to M. tuberculosis and less cross-reactivity due to BCG vaccination and non-TB mycobacterial infection.Two commercially available tests have been approved for the diagnosis of TB infection, the QuantiFERON® TB-Gold and the T Spot.TB. These assays are based on overlapping peptides of ESAT-6 and CFP-10; however, they do not discriminate between A-TB and LTBI. Differently, using multiepitopic peptides from ESAT-6 and CFP-10 proteins selected by quantitative implemented HLA peptide-binding motifs analysis, it has bee shown a positive response to RD1 selected peptides only in patients with A-TB.Aim of this study is to evaluate the test TB-Gold as a tool to identify TB infection in a population enrolled with suspicious active TB. Agreement between TST and Interferon-γ assay (80%), rather then sensivity and specifity was reported. Moreover the assay based on RD1 selected peptides was used to evaluate whether it would allow a discrimination between active TB and LTBI. Our study suggest, that TB-Gold is useful tool to identify TB infection in a population enrolled with suspicious active TB. Moreover the assay based on RD1 selected peptides is a useful tool to discriminate between active TB and LTBI with a positive predictive value of 100% and a negative predictive value of 76%.

Gold standard (test)

Active tuberculosis

10.4081/mm.2006.2917

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Long-term outcome of dolutegravir-containing regimens according to sex: data from the ICONA study

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (2023)

Antonella d’Arminio Monforte Alessandro Tavelli Matteo Sala Annalisa Mondi Stefano Rusconi

Abstract Objectives To compare the long-term risk of treatment failure of dolutegravir-based ART in men and women in a real-life setting. Patients and methods Persons living with HIV (PLWH) from the ICONA cohort were included if they had started dolutegravir in a two- or three-drug regimen as ART-naive or as virologically controlled ART-experienced. The primary endpoint was time to treatment failure (virological/clinical failure or dolutegravir discontinuation). Secondary endpoints were: time to dolutegravir discontinuation due to toxicity and to neuropsychiatric adverse events; and time to virological failure. Cox regression analyses focused on differences in outcomes by sex. Results A total of 2304 PLWH (15% women) initiated dolutegravir-based therapy from ART-naive, and 1916 (19.8% women) while experienced. After a median follow-up of 2.2 (IQR: 0.9–3.9) years in ART-naive and 2.4 (IQR: 1.1–4.3) years in experienced, the 4-year cumulative probability of treatment failure was 33% (95% CI 30.5–35.1) and 20% (95% CI 17.8–22.3), respectively. In the multivariable analyses, in ART-naive the risk of treatment failure was higher for women, but not different after excluding women discontinuing dolutegravir for pregnancy concerns. We also observed a higher risk of discontinuation for toxicity in women (ART-naives: Adjusted Hazard Ratio (AHR): 1.56%; 95% CI: 1.03–2.37; ART-experienced: AHR: 1.53%; 95% CI: 1.01–2.32), although the absolute 4-year probability was low: 7.7% (95% CI 6.5–9.2) in ART-naive and 8.3% (95% CI 6.9–9.9) in experienced. Conclusions In our cohort of PLWH treated with dolutegravir-based regimens and followed up for up to 4 years, we observed a low risk of treatment failure and no evidence for a difference by sex, after excluding discontinuation due to pregnancy concerns. However, we observed a higher risk of dolutegravir discontinuation for toxicity in women.

Dolutegravir

Discontinuation

Regimen

Cumulative incidence

10.1093/jac/dkad026

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Citations (6)