F. Păcurar

University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca

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Ioan ROTAR

University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca

100

Roxana Vidican

University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca

Vlad Stoian

University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca

Anca BOGDAN

University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca

Ioana Vaida

University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca

Anamaria Mălinaş

University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca

Anca PLEȘA

University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca

N. Gârda

University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca

Laura Dale

Landeswasserversorgung (Germany)

ÁB

Ágnes Balázsi

University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca

Cooperative Institutions

University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca

University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad

"Ion Ionescu de la Brad" Iasi University of Life Sciences

Walloon Agricultural Research Centre

Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech

University of Freiburg

Univesity of Life Science "King Mihai I" from Timisoara

Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences

Aberystwyth University

Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Prairies et Plantes Fourragères

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The grasslands of the Apuseni Mountains, Romania

Katja Brinkmann F. Păcurar Ioan ROTAR Evelyn Ruşdea Eckhard Auch

The Apuseni Mountains possess a wide range of mountain grassland types that have a natural and aesthetic value. In this traditional cultural landscape, small-scale farming structure and a traditional system of land use exist. Landscapes change with the prevailing socio-economic and social framework conditions. An inter- and trans-disciplinary, project, known as 'Project Apuseni' studied the land use system, vegetation, landscape patterns and their actual changes within the process of societal transformation, and predicted the future outlook for the Apuseni Mountains, which are located in north-western Romania and cover an area of ca. 11,000 km. The actual state of species and landscape diversity is high in the whole area of the Apuseni Mountains and results from traditional and extensive management practices. Within the Project Apuseni, land use scenarios, the future alternatives for grassland management and the opportunities and risks in the context of nature conservation and agriculture were evaluated.Keywords: Apuseni mountains grassland; Romania; small-scale farming structure

10.1163/9789004278103_026

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Quality of forage obtained from a mountain pasture as influenced by harvesting phenophase and management.

Multi-function grasslands: quality forages, animal products and landscapes. Proceedings of the 19th General Meeting of the European Grassland Federation, La Rochelle, France, 27-30 May 2002. (2002)

N. Sima F. Păcurar J. L. Durand J. C. Emile C. Huyghe

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SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ELEMENTS IN TRADITIONAL MANAGEMENT OF ARNICA MONTANA GRASSLANDS

Hop and Medicinal Plants (1970)

F. Păcurar Ioan ROTAR N. Gârda

In the territory of Apuseni Mountains (Romania) it can be found large areas of grasslands, in which the species Arnica montana is frequent. The area of this species is decreasing in Europe all the time, so that its maintenance in the region’s habitats mentioned before is related to a traditional grassland management. By using the questionnaire method we have surveyed the factors that contribute to this species maintenance in the sward. We observed that the management of these meadows is an extensive one, being performed only few maintenance activities, like: rocks gathering, wooden vegetation fighting, fighting damages made by wild pigs and fertilization. Fertilization is done only with manure that comes from cows and horses. Most of the meadows are being used in a mixed way, mowing is performed at the beginning of August, when arnica species has already made seeds, and grazing is made only in the late autumn. Mowing on arnica areas is perfomed only manually, and grazing is practiced with cows and horses. The species’ maintenance in these habitats depends on a specific cultural landscape.

10.15835/hpm.v16i1-2.3063

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RESEARCH ON THE OPTIMISATION OF ARNICA MONTANA L SEEDLING PRODUCTION

Analele Universității din Oradea, Fascicula: Protecția Mediului (2014)

Rodica Vârban D. I. Vârban Tania Mihăiescu F. Păcurar

The production and commercialisation of medicinal herbs derived from spontaneous flora has become an area of vast economic activity, being a source of income for producers, merchants and processors. The sustainable use of natural resources is one of the great challenges of our epoch. This challenge is directly bound to local livelihoods and to their economic viability, absent these factors the utilisation of natural resources (conservation) cannot be managed. Sustainable use is only possible through the development of models.

Epoch (astronomy)

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The Importance of Arbuscular Mycorrhizas in Medicinal Plants

Hop and Medicinal Plants (2022)

Roxana Vidican Vlad Stoian F. Păcurar Anca PLEȘA Ioana Vaida

Medicinal plants represent a highly valuable resource, which is part of human life since ancient times. Most of these species are collected from wildlife, where their survival is assured by the capacity of symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizas. The aim of this study was to analyse the number of articles published between 2002-2021, based on arbuscular mycorrhiza and medicinal plants topic. The number of articles in the analysed period was only 102, with an increase in the last 5 years. The main direction of the researches were toward the understanding and defining mycorrhizal status of medicinal plants, collected from spontaneous flora and from botanical collections. This direction was completed by studies regarding inoculation potential with arbuscular mycorrhizas, which aimed to increase the content in active compounds or to assure the sustainability of cropping systems. The analysis of the main categories to which the articles belong relieved that plant sciences and agronomy have more than 60% in share, completed by the 10% associated to environmental sciences. This topic is important for Romanian research, due to the high diversity of natural ecosystems and the high number of medicinal plant species. The better understanding of colonization status and the use of arbuscular mycorrhiza as inoculum are wo important directions which need more attention in the future in order to increase the sustainability of medicinal plant field.

10.15835/hpm.v29i1-2.14233

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THE ORGANIC-MINERAL FERTILIZATION OF A FESTUCA RUBRA L. GRASSLAND FOR EIGHT YEARS

Lucrări Științifice, Universitatea de Stiinte Agricole Și Medicină Veterinară "Ion Ionescu de la Brad" Iași, Seria Agronomie (2010)

F. Păcurar Ioan ROTAR N. Gârda Adriana Morea

The organic-mineral fertilization could be a realistic method of management of the grasslands while a strong decreasing of animals number takes place in Romania. On the grasslands in Apuseni Mountains, this type is not being practiced, but it could be a chance to maintain the oligotrophic grasslands in the mountainous landscape. The combined and long effect of organic and mineral fertilizers upon the dry matter is rather known, but the influence upon the phyto-diversity is less studied. This papers’ objective is to survey the effect of organic and mineral fertilizers application upon the phyto-diversity of a meadow from the boreal floor. After an eight years period, the administration of mineral and organic fertilizers produces important changes at herbaceous canopy level, two floristic structures being distinguished: on the one side the witness’ one, and, on the other side, the floristic structure of the treated variants, noticing certain species characteristic to each type of management. The floristic structure of the treated variants is significantly correlated with the general cover, mineral and organic fertilization and with the fertilization length. The administration of technological inputs produces a considerable decrease of the phyto-diversity, especially in case of the variants treated with larger quantities of fertilizers.

Festuca rubra

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Herbaceous plant

Podzol

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Detection and Quantification of Arnica montana L. Inflorescences in Grassland Ecosystems Using Convolutional Neural Networks and Drone-Based Remote Sensing

Remote Sensing (2024)

Dragomir D. Sângeorzan F. Păcurar Albert Reif Holger Weinacker Evelyn Ruşdea

Arnica montana L. is a medicinal plant with significant conservation importance. It is crucial to monitor this species, ensuring its sustainable harvesting and management. The aim of this study is to develop a practical system that can effectively detect A. montana inflorescences utilizing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with RGB sensors (red–green–blue, visible light) to improve the monitoring of A. montana habitats during the harvest season. From a methodological point of view, a model was developed based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) ResNet101 architecture. The trained model offers quantitative and qualitative assessments of A. montana inflorescences detected in semi-natural grasslands using low-resolution imagery, with a correctable error rate. The developed prototype is applicable in monitoring a larger area in a short time by flying at a higher altitude, implicitly capturing lower-resolution images. Despite the challenges posed by shadow effects, fluctuating ground sampling distance (GSD), and overlapping vegetation, this approach revealed encouraging outcomes, particularly when the GSD value was less than 0.45 cm. This research highlights the importance of low-resolution image clarity, on the training data by the phenophase, and of the need for training across different photoperiods to enhance model flexibility. This innovative approach provides guidelines for mission planning in support of reaching sustainable management goals. The robustness of the model can be attributed to the fact that it has been trained with real-world imagery of semi-natural grassland, making it practical for fieldwork with accessible portable devices. This study confirms the potential of ResNet CNN models to transfer learning to new plant communities, contributing to the broader effort of using high-resolution RGB sensors, UAVs, and machine-learning technologies for sustainable management and biodiversity conservation.

Videography

10.3390/rs16112012

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Ecological, Agronomic and Anthropogenic Characterization of the Habitat 62C0* Ponto-Sarmatian Steppes in the North of Dobrogea (Romania)

Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca Agriculture (2022)

T. Maruşca F. Păcurar Daniyar MEMEDEMIN Adrian Oprea Ioana Vaida

Natural habitat of Community interest 62C0* Ponto-Sarmatian steppes is very important at European level due to its high biodiversity. The aim of the paper is to study the grassland systems within the habitat 62C0* Sarmatic pontoon steps and to characterize them from an ecological and agronomic point of view. The floristic studies were carried out on the permanent grasslands of the biogeographical region ROSCI 0201 North Dobrogean Plateau, which for the most part belong to the Natural Habitat of Community Interest 62C0 * Sarmatian pontoon steps. Following the classifications (cluster) resulted 4 groups such as: type Cynodon dactylon, type Bothriochloa ischaemum - Festuca valesiaca, type Festuca valesiaca and type Festuca valesiaca - Stipa capillata.

Steppe

Festuca

Floristics

10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:2022.0027

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New Direction with Low-Input of Fertilization in Grasslands

Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca Agriculture (2010)

Anca BOGDAN F. Păcurar Ioan ROTAR

SUMMARY The modern agricultural systems have become productive but only by being highly dependent on external inputs (Altieri, 1995). A gro wing number of scientists, farmers and the general public fear for the long-term sustainabilli ty of such highly input ‐ dependent and ecologically simplified food production system. Far m chemicals ar questioned on grounds of cost but their widespread use also has implication for human and animal health and for the environement.The objectif of our paper is to mainta in biodiversity of grasslands by applying low inputs nutrients (to maintain the integrity and biological diversity) and to study the effect of organic fertilization and mulching upon phyto-di versity and productivity of grasslands from Garda de Sus The external input promovation experiment is look l ike an radical alternative for agricultural development, but on the other hand, lo ok like a negative part because „pressure” the human. This experiment took place in 2009 in Garda de Sus commune at 1320 m elevation. A randomized block repetition method with 7 different variants in 5 repetition were used. Species studied were performed using Braun- Blanquet standard method. Mowing was done at Poaceaes blooming using a spinning mowing machine. The floral composition was analysed in two different years (in 2009 and in 201 0).We observed that Agrostis capillarisFestuca rubra were the predominant types of grassland species in our analysis. There were no changes in species number and biodiversity. As result of technological inputs application, ther e were no changes recorded at the level of the treated variants’ canopy.

Festuca rubra

Agrostis

10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:5106

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Effects of manure/sawdust fertilisation on Festuca rubra type meadows at Ghetari (Apuseni Mountains).

Ioan ROTAR F. Păcurar Roxana Vidican N. Sima A. Kirilov

Festuca rubra

Sawdust

Fertilisation

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