Francois Grange

Seureco (France)

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Sébastien Journet

Seureco (France)

F. Dawalibi

Safe Engineering Services & Technologies (Canada)

Simon Fortin

Safe Engineering Services & Technologies (Canada)

Alexandre Sellier

Seureco (France)

R. Moini

Safe Engineering Services & Technologies (Canada)

Dawalibi Farid Paul

Alain Sellier

Université de Toulouse

E. Bachelier

Office National d'Études et de Recherches Aérospatiales

D. Leschi

Egis (France)

Moini Rouzbeh

Cooperative Institutions

Safe Engineering Services & Technologies (Canada)

Électricité de France (France)

Seureco (France)

Office National d'Études et de Recherches Aérospatiales

Egis (France)

Employment and Social Development Canada

Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique

Territoires, Villes, Environnement & Société

Institut Supérieur de l'Électronique et du Numérique

Amirkabir University of Technology

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Safety of wind farm grounding systems under fault and lightning currents

Francois Grange Sébastien Journet R. Moini F. Dawalibi

This article discusses the safety issues related to wind farm grounding systems. Two different cases are considered. The first case treats a wind turbine subjected to a single phase to ground fault while the second case treats a wind turbine hit by lightning. In the first case, a detailed analysis of the fault current distribution for various scenarios, is presented. A comparative study of the touch and step voltages has demonstrated that the fault conditions on HV side leads to dangerous touch and step voltages. A focus is made on the human safety regarding lightning surges. In this regard, the transient currents flowing through the legs and body are computed for two different lightning waveforms. A comparative study of these currents for the cases of a single and two turbines reveals the non-validity of one of the design criterion established in international standards.

Lightning

Transient (computer programming)

Earthing system

10.1109/iclp.2016.7791339

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Citations (15)

On the Assessment of the Voltage Drop between two Lightning Protection Zones Connected by a Signal Line

IEEE Conference Proceedings (2018)

Francois Grange Alexandre Sellier Sébastien Journet Dawalibi Farid Paul

Lightning

Line (geometry)

SIGNAL (programming language)

Voltage drop

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On the Assessment of the Voltage Drop between two Lightning Protection Zones Connected by a Signal Line

2022 36th International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP) (2018)

Francois Grange Alexandre Sellier Sébastien Journet F. Dawalibi

The transient performance of a simple communication wire located inside metallic cable tray interconnecting a main Lightning Protection Zone (LPZ) to a second LPZ is analyzed using the electromagnetic field theory approach. The main LPZ is subjected to a lightning strike at one of its aboveground corner. The field theory approach used is essentially an extension to arbitrary frequencies of antenna theory while accounting for the complex electrical characteristics of soil. The computation of transient voltages is carried out using the MultiFields software package. The article focuses on the transient voltage drop along the metallic cable tray that connects the two different systems with the same LPZ level. Comparison are performed between a simple metallic interconnection conductor parallel to the communication wire and two other metallic cable trays. The article shows that the voltage drop along the interconnection cables can be evaluated to determine if Surge Protection Diverters (SPD) are required. Measurements and simulations are compared to validate the computation results, and compare them to the requirement of the pertinent IEC standard.

Transient (computer programming)

Voltage drop

Surge arrester

Lightning

10.1109/iclp.2018.8503404

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Citations (2)

Electromagnetic shielding analysis of buildings for different models of lightning strike

2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe (2017)

Ali Aghabarati R. Moini Simon Fortin F. Dawalibi Francois Grange

The shielding performance of a metallic building located close to a telecommunication tower hit by lightning is investigated. Two models of lightning strike are adopted for the shielding analysis. The first model includes the current distribution along the lightning channel while the second model is a surge current injected into the top of tower only. For each model the performance is evaluated both in the frequency domain and in the time domain. The analysis reveals that the electric shielding effectiveness is highly affected by lightning models whereas its magnetic counterpart remains invariable.

Lightning

10.1109/emceurope.2017.8094752

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Investigation of transient voltages in a Tokamak building hit by lightning

Francois Grange Sébastien Journet F. Dawalibi Simon Fortin Yexu Li

The ongoing international Tokamak (nuclear fusion) demonstration project (ITER) will be housed in a building supported by a 17 m deep complex seismic isolation pit. This 120 m long and 90 m wide pit will house the anti-seismic foundations of the future Tokamak Complex. Safety to persons in contact with the building and damage to the anti-seismic foundation structures due to repeated lightning strikes is a major concern and must be prevented by adequate lightning bonding and grounding mitigation measures. This paper describes the results of a detailed study of the response of the Tokamak building structures and associated anti-seismic pit foundations structures to lightning strikes. This paper focuses on the transient response and related safety aspects.

Lightning

Transient (computer programming)

Foundation (evidence)

10.1109/apl.2011.6111103

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Citations (2)

断層と雷電流の下での風力発電所の接地システムの安全性【Powered by NICT】

IEEE Conference Proceedings (2016)

Francois Grange Sébastien Journet Moini Rouzbeh Dawalibi Farid Paul

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Développement d’un modèle pour la détermination du champ magnétique impulsionnel induit à l’intérieur d’un bâtiment foudroyé.

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) (2014)

Céline Miry Emmanuel Amador P. Duquerroy E. Bachelier D. Prost

INT

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A new methodology of cranes modeling for ITER grounding safety assessment

International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (2014)

Francois Grange T. Gourdan P. Blasquez D. Leschi F. Dawalibi

The ongoing international demonstration project (ITER) will be located on a 1200 m long and 800 m wide platform belonging to an even larger site including neighboring areas to the site boundary fences. This whole complex requires a full grounding system which constitutes an electrically large grounding grid. Due to the long construction time, a particular attention is required to deal with safety problems during the different phases. Safety of persons in contact with the cranes during a fault is a major concern and must be prevented by adequate grounding mitigation measures. This paper describes a new methodology of touch voltage assessment under a crane due to the ground potential rises and the current distribution in metallic structures during a substation fault. This paper focuses on the 50 Hz analysis and related safety aspects.

Earthing system

10.1109/emceurope.2014.6931033

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Integrity of Earthing Systems: An Innovative Approach to Improve the Test Procedure Accuracy

Lecture notes in electrical engineering (2019)

Francois Grange Sébastien Journet P. Dziwniel F. Dawalibi

Earthing system

Voltage drop

10.1007/978-3-030-31680-8_112

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Transient Ground Potential Rises at a nuclear fusion experimental power plant hit directly by a lightning strike

Winston Ruan Simon Fortin F. Dawalibi Francois Grange Sébastien Journet

Electric substations are often exposed to lightning strikes. When that happens, very fast large transient voltage stresses occur. Surge limiters can be destroyed and electronic equipment inside control rooms can be damaged. In order to develop appropriate mitigations that prevent such catastrophic damages, a model of a lightning strike hitting a shielding structure of a substation feeding an experimental nuclear fusion facility (Tokamak) is analyzed. Transient Ground Potential Rises (TGPR) of the substation are studied using an electromagnetic field approach. The system analyzed consists of a detailed model of the grounding system of the substation as well as a skeleton of the power plant grounding system. The effects of the soil resistivity on the TGPR are studied. It is shown that the transient GPR increases when the soil resistivity increases. When the soil resistivity is low, there is little difference in the transient GPR between the substation grounding system alone and the substation grounding system interconnected to the power plant grounding system. However, when the soil resistivity is high enough, the interconnected grounding system between the substation and the power plant can significantly reduce the transient GPR in the substation control room in both its magnitude and its extent over time. Consequently, stress voltages on electronic equipment inside the substation control room can be greatly reduced.

Soil resistivity

Earthing system

Transient (computer programming)

Lightning

Overvoltage

Ground-Penetrating Radar

10.1109/apl.2011.6111102

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Citations (4)