OBJECTIVE: In addition to respiratory symptoms, there have been reports of increased psychiatric symptoms in COVID-19 patients. In this study, it is aimed to reveal the psychiatric symptoms seen in COVID-19 patients. We also investigated the relationship between these psychiatric symptoms and peripheral inflammatory markers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The patients were evaluated with "Interview Forms" specially created by the researchers for the study. DSM-V Acute Stress Disorder Scale (ASDS); Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10); State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T/S); and finally Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were used to determine patients' acute and perceived stress levels, depression and anxiety symptoms, state and generalized anxiety levels, and how these psychiatric symptoms were affected by different social conditions. D-dimer, fibrinogen, lymphocytes, CRP (C-reactive protein) and ferritin levels were taken into account as inflammatory markers. RESULTS: Our study included 108 inpatients and 31 outpatients with COVID-19. The ASDS, STAI State Scale, and HADS depression scale scores of inpatients patients were found to be higher compared to outpatient patients. Increased fibrinogen levels in blood tests were found to predict higher acute stress disorder scores. HAD-Depression subscale and fibrinogen levels were also found to be positively correlated with each other. CONCLUSIONS: Stress, depression and anxiety symptoms accompany COVID-19. In addition, high fibrinogen levels may be associated with psychiatric symptoms. Psychiatric symptoms are indirectly affected by physical illnesses. We can say that a pandemic that causes fear and anxiety all over the world may suppress the immune system in individuals and the suppressed immune system may indirectly make the infection more complicated.
This case report demonstrates the beneficial effects of cupping therapy (CT) in a 35-year-old man who is diagnosed with a fracture of the radial shaft due to a motorcycle accident. One year after the treatment started, pseudoarthrosis developed in the radius and an autogenous iliac bone graft was performed. However, extension dysfunction in the wrist became evident. After another 6 months of physical therapy and rehabilitation, no improvements were observed. Therefore, CT and adjunctive electrostimulation were performed, after 30 days of treatment, marked recovery of muscle function and full wrist extension were observed, as determined by electromyography and a grade 5/5 on the Medical Research Council power of wrist extension scale. The results in this case study suggest that CT in conjunction with adjunctive electrostimulation, may accelerate functional recovery from postoperative radial palsy, and provide a useful alternative treatment in this situation.
ⓒ2018 Korean Acupuncture & Moxibustion Medicine Society. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
<i>Objectives:</i> To evaluate the efficacy of semirigid ureteroscopy in the management of ureteral stones located in different parts of the ureter. <i>Methods:</i> 1,503 patients were treated with semirigid ureteroscopy. All ureteral stones were either removed only by a basket catheter or disintegrated by pneumatic lithotripsy. Success rates, auxiliary procedures, complication rates and operation time were comparatively evaluated according to stone location. <i>Results:</i> Overall, mean stone size and age were 12.1 ± 3.7 mm and 43.2 ± 9.72 years, respectively. While 1,416 patients (94.2%) were completely stone-free, the procedure was unsuccessful in 87 cases (5.8%). The success rate was relatively low in the proximal ureter (71.7%) when compared with the mid (94.8%) and distal ureter (98.9%) (p = 0.021). Mean operation time was 25.4 ± 11.7 min. Longer duration of operation and higher complication rate were found in proximal ureteral calculi. Stone migration to the kidney and hematuria were the main reasons of failure in the proximal ureter and ureteral stenting was needed for 56.4% of patients with upper ureteral stone. <i>Conclusions:</i> Semirigid ureteroscopy can be the treatment of choice in lower and midureteral stones. However, it is an invasive and less successful treatment modality for proximal ureteral stones with relatively high complication rates.
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