homotheraphy "slice therapy" is the proposal for the delivery of radiation therapy with intensitymodulated strips of radiation.The proposed method employs alinear accelerator, which would be mounted on aring gantry like a helical tomotherapy (CT scanner).The patient would move through the bore of the gantry simultaneously with gantry rotation.The intensity modulation would be performed by temporally modulated multiple independent leaves that open and close across the slit opening.This method would result in the delivery of highly conformal radiation and overall treatment times should be comparable with contemporary treatment delivery times.The dose reconstruction capabilities provide an ability to determine the dose actually delivered to the patient.The ring gantry would make it convenient to mount anarrow multisegmental megavoltage detector system for beam verification and aCTscanner on the treatment unit.A treatment unit could become a powerful tool for treatment planning, conformal treatment and verification using tomographic images.In this review a full description of the development of this novel technique is given , properties, advantages and applicability of this device are evaluated and the fundamental design specifications are justified.There is no previous studies for that purpose in Saudi Arabia so, researchers recommend that king Khalid hospital in Najran to implement Tomotheraphy unit in the near future for improving imaging and treatment planning .
The aim of this study was to characterize the hippocampus in Sudanese epileptic patients in MR images using image texture analysis techniques in order to differentiate hippocampus between the normal and epileptic patient. There were two groups of the patients were examined by using Signal-GE 1.5Tesla MR Scanner which was used with patients with known epilepsy and normal T1 weighted brain. MRI finding patients, 101 and 105 patients respectively examined in period from December 2017- March 2018, where the variables of the study were MRI images entered to the IDL program as input for further analysis, using window 3*3 the images texture was extracted from hippocampus (head, body and tail) that include, mean, STD, variance, energy, and entropy then the comparison was made to differentiate between the normal and abnormal hippocampus. The extracted feature classified using linear discriminate analysis. The classification score function is used to classify the hippocampus classes was as flows:
Epileptic= (.271×mean) + (.026×variance) + (7.475× Part) -32.134
Normal= (.240×mean) + (.052×variance) + (2.960× Part) -13.684
The study confirmed that it’s possible to differentiate between normal and epileptic hippocampus body, head, and tail in sagittal section texturally. The result showed that the classification result is best in the tail where higher classification accuracy will be achieved followed by body and then head.
Background: Miscarriage is that the commonest complication of early pregnancy. In recent years, there has been a trend towards more conservative management for women with first trimester miscarriage. Most miscarriages are due to uterine malformations or chromosomal abnormalities, which account for the majority that occur within 10 weeks of gestation. Ultrasonography is that the most popular modality to verify the presence of a viable intrauterine gestation. In some instances, creating an identification of early pregnancy loss is simple and requires restricted testing or imaging. Purpose: the purpose of this study was to evaluate the first trimester miscarriage among Sudanese women in Khartoum state using ultrasonography. Methods: descriptive prospective across sectional study conducted in Khartoum state hospitals during period from June 2017 to June 2018 using ultrasound. Out of 100 patients whom in the first trimester and accomplishing the exclusion and inclusion criteria included in the study. Results: the results of the study shows that the mean age of pregnant women was 26-± 30 years majority of them between (26-30) years old. (58%) of abortion occur in homemakers occupations groups. Incomplete and complete miscarriage are the most common (34%) and the most common cause of miscarriage was unexplained (80%), trauma (12%), uterine defect (4%), fibroid (2%), febrile diseases (2%). Conclusion: The study concluded that most common type of miscarriage found at Khartoum is incomplete and complete miscarriage. Ultrasound characterized various kinds of miscarriage.
The purpose of this study was to identify the specific Doppler criteria for the portal vein as well as the spleen length or volume in liver transplants. A relative study was done after performing venous Doppler sonographic studies in 45 liver transplant cases (4 whole liver, 41 lobar) with no known vascular complications. The ultrasonic Doppler study were targeted to the portal vein flow direction, flow velocity in Doppler level and the caliber in gray scale level. Average gray scale and color flow mapping appearances as well as normal monophasic wave character was found. The following Doppler parameters were evaluated: for the portal veins, venous pulsatility index. There were no cases of portal vein obstruction found in our sample (neither stenosis, nor occlusion). Mean portal vein velocity was (less than 55 cm /s), the splenic length was (13.7±1.5). The relation between the portal venous index, and the splenic length was built. Both are useful parameters for diagnosing liver transplants complications.
Whatever man does, he couldn't reach the degree of perfection because perfection is only ascribed to almighty Allah.However, the continuous and serious follow up, assessment and reassessment are important for any program, particularly if this program impinges the environment.The man employs his qualification to lead a life that makes him capable of providing the needed contribution in serving the homeland.Based on this fact, the effect of ionizing radiation increases environmental hazards, so it's required to control normal exposure, to prevent the spread of contamination during normal working condition, and to prevent or limit the extent of potential exposure.According to the researcher's knowledge, no previous study is available in this field.Thus this study aims to know the effect of ionizing radiation in increasing the environmental hazards in Khartoum state, and suggests the necessary means of improving the level of knowledge among the health personnel, a matter that leads to development of medical services.A random sample that comprises five hospitals representing the public medical services sector in Khartoum state is selected, in which ( 250) medical personnel were interviewed.The initial information of this study was collected through interviews and questionnaire, and then the data is analyzed using computer.This study has examined the knowledge, attitude and behavior of the medical personnel towards the effect of ionizing radiation as a factor that increases environmental hazards.The summery of the results of the study is as follows: 1-(2%) of the health personnel selected knows nothing about the effect of ionizing radiation.2-(85%)of them has a good knowledge about the effect of ionizing radiation.3-(13%) of them is weak in their knowledge about effect of ionizing radiation.4-The radiographic technologist's knowledge about effect of ionizing radiation is good. I.
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