In this paper, we propose the space-time joint detection scheme with the new directional channel impulse response (DCIR) estimation in TD-SCDMA uplink with antenna array. The new DCIR estimation applied to the beamforming concept, is the combined scheme in which we obtain the channel impulse response (CIR) estimate and the array response vector estimate for each path of all users, respectively. Compared to the space-time joint detection with the conventional DCIR estimation, the new estimation scheme offers a considerable performance improvement, and this is very attractive to implement easily because of the low computational complexity.
Culture and the self is one of the most widely researched topics in cross-cultural and cultural psychology. Based on the assumption that there are marked differences in the conception of the self in Eastern and Western cultures (Markus and Kitayama, 1991), research has examined and uncovered many East–West differences in basic self processes (Chiu and Hong, 2006, 2007; Lehman, Chiu and Schaller, 2004). These discoveries have led some investigators to conclude that self processes are culture-dependent (Heine et al., 1999). In response to this claim and to defend the universal nature of basic self processes, some investigators (Sedikides, Gaertner and Toguchi, 2003; Sedikides, Gaertner and Vevea, 2005, 2007) have initiated a dialogue on whether cultures differ only in the expressions of the same (universal) self processes.
In this chapter, the authors suggest that North Korea promote an agricultural development program in the special economic zones (SEZ) as a way to alleviate issues of food shortages in North Korea. The agricultural development program proposed by the authors could become a new model for international cooperation. In particular, the authors stress the importance of cooperation between the two Koreas and argue that inter-Korean cooperation will play a pivotal role in developing such programs. The role of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) is also highlighted because they could be important entities to promote such kinds of cooperative programs.
Abstract The use of CRISPR-Cas9 as a therapeutic reagent is hampered by its off-target effects. Although rationally designed S. pyogenes Cas9 (SpCas9) variants that display higher specificities than the wild-type SpCas9 protein are available, these attenuated Cas9 variants are often poorly efficient in human cells. Here, we develop a directed evolution approach in E. coli to obtain Sniper-Cas9, which shows high specificities without killing on-target activities in human cells. Unlike other engineered Cas9 variants, Sniper-Cas9 shows WT-level on-target activities with extended or truncated sgRNAs with further reduced off-target activities and works well in a preassembled ribonucleoprotein (RNP) format to allow DNA-free genome editing.
'%3e%3cg id='b'%3e%3cpath id='a' stroke='%23000' stroke-width='2' d='M-6-25H6m-12 3H6m-12 3H6'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' y='44'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cpath stroke='%23fff' d='M0 17v10'/%3e%3ccircle r='12' fill='%23cd2e3a'/%3e%3cpath fill='%230047a0' d='M0-12A6 6 0 0 0 0 0a6 6 0 0 1 0 12 12 12 0 0 1 0-24z'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cg transform='rotate(-123.69)'%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23b'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23fff' d='M0-23.5v3M0 17v3.5m0 3v3'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3c/svg%3e)