El presente trabajo es una revision bibliografica que tiene por objetivo dar cuenta del estado del arte en relacion a la investigacion neuropsicologica en el Trastorno de Ansiedad Generalizada (TAG). Se analizan trabajos en torno a la Atencion, la Memoria y las Funciones Ejecutivas, a la vez que discuten las dificultades e implicancias en el estudio de estas variables en torno al TAG. A su vez se destaca en la revision, que ciertos aspectos del funcionamiento neuropsicologico como ser las Funciones Ejecutivas no han sido investigados bastamente. Por ultimo, se resalta la importancia de sumar a la practica psicoterapeutica los hallazgos neuropsicologicos a fin de favorecer tanto la prevencion del TAG, como una mejor atencion de aquellas personas que cumplan sus criterios diagnosticos.
Palabras Clave
Neuropsicologia TAG Psicoterapia Ansiedad
Abstract
NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH IN GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER This paper is a literature review that aims to present the state of knowledge on the neuropsychological research in GeneralizedAnxiety Disorder (GAD). The works are analyzed around Attention, Memory and Executive Functions, and the difficulties and implications in the study of these variables around the TAG are discussed. At the same time, the literature review shows that certain aspects of the neuropsychological functioning, such as executive functions, have not been vastly investigated. Finally, the relevance of adding the neuropsychological findings to the psychotherapeutic practice is emphasized, in order to promote prevention and a better care for those who have been diagnosed with TAG.
Key Words
Neuropsychology GAD Psychotherapy Axiety
Objetivo: En esta presentacion se describen resultados parciales sobre el nivel de influencia de diferentes en la practica clinica cotidiana que refieren psicologos, concurrentes y residentes de primer ano y del ultimo ano de la formacion, pertenecientes a Hospitales estatales y Centros de salud de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Procedimientos: Para poder analizar el marco referencial teorico que respalda la practica clinica cotidiana de esta poblacion en formacion se confecciono una lista de autores representativos del medio local. El nivel de influencia de los diferentes fue expresado por los participantes a traves de una escala tipo Likert. Resultados: Freud y Lacan son dos de los que poseen mayor influencia en la poblacion de residentes y concurrentes del sector estatal de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Resulta interesante la incorporacion de del modelo cognitivo por residentes y concurrentes de primer ano.
Palabras clave
Marco teorico Residentes concurrentes
ABSTRACT
AUTHORS THAT HAS INFLUENCE ON TRAINEE CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGISTS The purpose of this paper is to present the partial results of an empirical research project related to the way in which first/- and last-year interns clinical psychologists recognize the influence of authors from different theoretical frameworks in their clinical practice. The sample was composed of 9 first year and 12 last year intern psychologists from hospitals from Buenos Aires, Argentina. A theoretical framework functions as a model that makes it possible for the therapist to understand and grant meaning to clinical material. A list of representative authors with different theoretical frameworks was drawn up and participating subjects were asked to indicate whether they knew the authors; in the case of an affirmative answer, they were requested to indicate the level of influence the particular author has had on their clinical practice, on a Likert type scale. Results showing similarities and differences in the authors indicated are presented.
Key words
Theoretical framework Psychology interns
Abstract The aim of the current study was to design and evaluate a therapist version of the Alliance Negotiation Scale (ANS). The ANS was created in order to operationalize the construct of dyadic negotiation in psychotherapy and to augment existing conceptualizations of the working alliance. The ANS has existed only as a client self‐report form since its inception and has demonstrated promise as a psychotherapy process measure. This research intended to develop a complementary therapist self‐report version of the measure. The scale creation process is discussed in detail, and the results of a preliminary psychometric investigation are reported. The ANS‐Therapist version (ANS‐T) was developed using a sample of therapists ( n = 114) through a principal components analysis procedure. The ANS‐T contains 9 unidimensional items and was moderately correlated with therapist‐reported working alliance ( r = .468). The results of the study support the composition of the ANS‐T and provide initial support for the reliability and validity of the measure.
The goal of this study was to analyze the time-series of alliance, interventions, and client's post-sessions clinical status, to establish if alliance and adherence to cognitive-behavioral interventions preceded improvement in psychotherapy Method: A single-case study of a complete Cognitive-Behavioral treatment of a 27-year-old male diagnosed with Generalized Anxiety Disorder treatment was conducted. Alliance, adherence to cognitive-behavioral interventions, and client's therapeutic condition were assessed every two sessions during the entire treatment.After controlling for the effect of autocorrelations, the transfer functions showed that alliance predicted client's clinical condition with a lag of two sessions throughout the entire treatment. However, the inverse relationship was not observed.Results support the hypothesis of a time-lagged association between alliance and subsequent client's changes in their clinical condition in single case of a cognitive-behavioral treatment.
Hierarchical Linear Models (HLM) represents a valuable statistical tool for psychotherapy research, given that they allow dealing with the usual dependency presented in its data. These methods are useful to estimate change, disaggregate sources of variations, and analyze the effect of different level predictors. Considering that, these analyses required a highly sophisticated technical knowledge that might remain inaccessible for many researchers, the aim of this paper is to present a guide on how to understand, apply, and report HLM for psychotherapy effects research. To illustrate how to apply HLM, we have drawn on a naturalistic clinical dataset. Disseminating these methods in the Latin-America might represent a meaningful contribution both for research and practice, improving the soundness of clinical studies and helping to develop a more robust knowledge that might leads to greater process and outcome in psychotherapy.