Farhad Zamani

Iran University of Medical Sciences

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Hossein Ajdarkosh

Iran University of Medical Sciences

Masoudreza Sohrabi

Iran University of Medical Sciences

Fahimeh Safarnezhad Tameshkel

Iran University of Medical Sciences

Nima Motamed

Zanjan University of Medical Sciences

Mansooreh Maadi

Iran University of Medical Sciences

Hossein Keyvani

Iran University of Medical Sciences

Mohammad Hadi Karbalaie Niya

Iran University of Medical Sciences

Reza Malekzadeh

Tehran University of Medical Sciences

Mahmoodreza Khoonsari

Iran University of Medical Sciences

Mehdi Nikkhah

Iran University of Medical Sciences

Cooperative Institutions

Tehran University of Medical Sciences

372

Iran University of Medical Sciences

352

Imperial College London

226

Medical Research Council

163

Firoozgar General Hospital

162

Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences

136

University of Tehran

130

University of Florida

124

Columbus Oncology and Hematology Associates

120

UK Research and Innovation

119

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Hirschsprung Disease Diagnosis: Calretinin Marker Role in Determining the Presence or Absence of Ganglion Cells.

DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (2016)

Nasser Rakhshani Mohammadreza Araste Farid Imanzade Mahshid Panahi Fahimeh Safarnezhad Tameshkel

Hirschsprung disease is a complex genetic disorder of the enteric nervous system (ENS), often called congenital aganglionic megacolon and characterized by the absence of enteric neurons along a variable length of the intestine. The definitive diagnosis of Hirschsprung disease relies on histologic and/or histochemical staining of sections from suction rectal biopsies. Calretinin immunohistochemistry (IHC) may be a useful in its diagnosis. This study aimed to proof the usefulness of immunohistochemical staining for calretinin in rule out of Hirschsprung disease.Paraffin blocks and slides were retrieved from the pathology archives of Ali Asghar Hospital, Tehran, Iran from 2007 to 2011 with pathology report based on the presence (14 patients) or absence (70 patients) of ganglion cells and transitional zone anatomical region (10 patients). Slides were stained with hematoxylin and eosin method to confirm the initial diagnosis was verification again. After preparing the slides, they were stained by IHC for calretinin. Then, the results were analyzed using SPSS software.In most patients, IHC for calretinin provided highly compatible results with hematoxylin-eosin findings in diagnosis of Hirschsprung disease. The values of specificity and accuracy between calretinin and standard histology (H&E) compared by the Fisher exact test declared calretinin presented significantly higher specificity and accuracy values than H&E staining (P <0.0001).Calretinin IHC overcomes most of the difficulties encountered using the histology hematoxylin-eosin. Then, IHC for calretinin is a good ancillary method used by pathologists in diagnosis of Hirschsprung disease.

Calretinin

Histology

Hirschsprung's disease

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Citations (7)

The role of lovastatin in the attenuation of COVID-19

International Immunopharmacology (2021)

Sajad Karampoor Khashayar Hesamizadeh Zinat Shams Arefeh Ghafari Novin Mohammad Farahmand

Lovastatin

Cytokine Storm

Pathogenesis

10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108192

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Citations (21)

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

WOS (2021)

Bin Zhou Rodrigo M. Carrillo‐Larco Goodarz Danaei Leanne M Riley Christopher Paciorek

Pooled analysis

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Abdominal pain as presentation of Takayasu's arteritis in an adolescent male patient.

PubMed (2006)

Farhad Zamani Ramin Shakeri Omid Modiramani Reza Malekzadeh

We describe a boy with chronic abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, and weight loss. The imaging was compatible with Takayasu's arteritis. Chronic mesenteric ischemia was the etiology of the patient's symptoms.

Etiology

Presentation (obstetrics)

Takayasu's arteritis

Arteritis

Takayasu Arteritis

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The Effectiveness of Sofosbuvir and Daclatasvir in the Treatment of Hepatitis C in Thalassaemia Major Patients and their Effect on Haematological Factors

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology (2018)

Farhad Zamani Hossein Ajdarkosh Fahimeh Safarnezhad Tameshkel Azita Azarkeivan Hossein Keyvani

Context: Patients with thalassaemia are at risk of infections such as hepatitis C virus (HCV) due to their repeated blood transfusions; meanwhile, the treatment of thalassaemia patients who had developed HCV infection is a controversial issue. Aims: Although the effectiveness of direct-acting antivirals on HCV infection has been confirmed, their side-effects as well as effects on haematological factors due to the resultant need for blood transfusion remain to be further understood. Materials and Methods: In this study, 61 patients with major beta thalassaemia and HCV infection, and who had a history of interferon treatment failure were examined. The patients underwent a 24-week treatment with sofosbuvir (SOF) and daclatasvir (DAC). Sustained virological response 12 was used to assess response to treatment. At the end of the study, the need for blood transfusion and serum ferritin was evaluated. Results: About 98.4% of the patients responded to the treatment, and only one patient with genotype 1b did not respond positively. No significant complications necessitating treatment cessation were observed, and all the patients tolerated the treatment well. The level of liver enzymes showed a significant reduction 12 weeks after the treatment. The need for blood transfusions in patients before treatment was averagely 1.595 ± 0.65 bag per month, in which 1.593 ± 0.64 bags were received after treatment (P = 0.9). This regimen did not affect the amount of anaemia in patients and did not differentiate the need for blood transfusions. The rate of haemoglobin before treatment was 9.5 ± 1.42 g/dl, which reached 9.6 ± 1.6 g/dl after treatment (P = 0.54). Ferritin levels decreased significantly (from 1948.08 ± 1539.54 to 1315.73 ± 1207.67 ng/ml) (P = 0.001) in the patients after the treatment. Conclusion: Combination of SOF and DAC is an effective and tolerable treatment regimen without affect on the amount of anaemia in patients and did not differentiate the need for blood transfusions.

Daclatasvir

Sofosbuvir

Hepatitis C

10.4103/ijmm.ijmm_18_90

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Citations (13)

Tissue Sampling through Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration versus Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatographic Brushing Cytology Technique in Suspicious Malignant Biliary Stricture

Middle East Journal of Digestive Diseases (2021)

Elham Sobhrakhshankhah Masoudreza Sohrabi H. Norouzi Farhad Zamani Hossein Ajdarkosh

BACKGROUND Differentiation of benign and malignant biliary strictures plays a pivotal role in managing biliary strictures. Brush cytology via endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) are two diagnostic methods. In the present study, we aimed to compare the accuracy of the results of EUS-FNA and ERCP-based sampling of biliary strictures. METHODS In a prospective study, between January 2019 and March 2020, patients with indeterminate biliary strictures who had no history of hepatobiliary surgery, opium usage, cancer of pancratobiliary system, and acute liver disease were selected. They underwent EUS and ERCP in the same session. They were followed up for 6 months, and the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and accuracy of these imaging modalities were compared. RESULTS A total of 60 patients were enrolled. 28 lesions were located in the distal and 32 lesions in the proximal parts of the biliary tree. 55 malignant and 5 benign lesions were diagnosed. The sensitivity and accuracy of EUS-FNA and ERCP tissue sampling were 78.2% and 80.0% versus 50.9% and 55.0%, respectively (p = 0.024). The combination of both methods improved the sensitivity and accuracy to 85.5% and 86.7%, respectively. Regarding the location, EUS-FNA is superior to ERCP-brush cytology in diagnosing proximal lesions with sensitivity and specificity of 73.3% and 75.0% vs. 50.0% and 53.1%, respectively (p = 0.04). CONCLUSION EUS-FNA is superior to ERCP brushing in the diagnosis of indeterminate biliary strictures, particularly in distal lesions. Combining ERCP brushing and EUS-FNA improves the diagnosis accuracy.

Endoscopic Ultrasound

Biliary disease

10.34172/mejdd.2021.238

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Citations (4)

The Relationship between Size of Adenocarcinoma of Colon and Lymph Node Involvement

Iranian journal of pathology (2011)

Nasser Rakhshani Roshanak Derakhshandeh Seyed Amir Mirbagheri Farhad Zamani Ahad Atef Vahid

Background and Objectives: Involvement of lymph nodes is an important prognostic factor in the most cancers, including colorectal cancer. In the recent years, invasion to blood and lymphatic vessels has been shown to predict involvement of lymph nodes and the number of involved nodes has been less studied issue. The aim of this study was determination of the relationship between the size of colorectal adenocarcinoma and lymph node involvement. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 116 patients were enrolled with colorectal cancer from Rasoul-e-Akram and Mehr Hospitals in 2002-2008. Data analysis was performed by SPSS15 software. Results were expressed as frequency, percent, and mean ±SD. We used Chi2, student ttest and correlation tests for statistical analysis. Results: 54.3% of patients were male and 45.7% were female. Mean age of them was 59.4± 12.9 years. Mean of tumor size (longest diameter) was 5.4± 2.2 (range: 1.5 to 12) cm. Mean number of involved lymph nodes was 4.9± 3.5(range: 1-14). There was no correlation between number of lymph node involvement and tumor size. There was no correlation between lymph node involvement and tumor and age group, sex, location and depth of tumor. Poorly differentiated tumor significantly correlated to lymph node involvement (P=0.001). Conclusion: There is no correlation between tumor size and number of involved lymph node in colorectal cancer. However, poor histopathologic grade is associated with lymph node involvement.

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HEPATITIS B VACCINE: IMMUNITY, EFFICACY AND TYPES

Shiraz E-Medical Journal (2010)

Farahnaz Fallahian Farhad Zamani

Current issues that are associated with the development of hepatitis B vaccine, combination vaccines, modes of administration, immunogenicity, and efficacy of different types of hepatitis B vaccines are reviewed. Hepatitis B viral mutants can emerge as a result of either immune response or treatment options. Several studies are in progress on treatment of chronic hepatitis B infection by immunization with multiple antigenic components; DNA vaccines alone or with DNA encoded immunomodulatory cytokines; combination of vaccine with antiviral drugs and cytokines; and genetic manipulation of antigen presenting cells. Integrating hepatitis B vaccine doses into the global infant immunization program is not sufficient for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection eradication. Implementing HBV schedule to high risk groups such as injection drug users, inmates of correctional centers, and persons at risk for sexually transmitted diseases, surveillance of hepatitis B infected subjects and refugees, access to immunization services and treatment is necessary. Further investigation is needed to assess factors that can impede an adequate antibody response, HBV variants, and the need for booster doses to preserve vaccine-induced immunity, vaccinating schedule for older children, evaluation of those vaccinated but in persistent contact in HBV-endemic areas.

Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B vaccine

Vaccination schedule

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Citations (3)

Global variation in diabetes diagnosis and prevalence based on fasting glucose and hemoglobin A1c

Nature Medicine (2023)

Bin Zhou Kate E. Sheffer James E. Bennett Edward W. Gregg Goodarz Danaei

Abstract Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) are both used to diagnose diabetes, but these measurements can identify different people as having diabetes. We used data from 117 population-based studies and quantified, in different world regions, the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes, and whether those who were previously undiagnosed and detected as having diabetes in survey screening, had elevated FPG, HbA1c or both. We developed prediction equations for estimating the probability that a person without previously diagnosed diabetes, and at a specific level of FPG, had elevated HbA1c, and vice versa. The age-standardized proportion of diabetes that was previously undiagnosed and detected in survey screening ranged from 30% in the high-income western region to 66% in south Asia. Among those with screen-detected diabetes with either test, the age-standardized proportion who had elevated levels of both FPG and HbA1c was 29–39% across regions; the remainder had discordant elevation of FPG or HbA1c. In most low- and middle-income regions, isolated elevated HbA1c was more common than isolated elevated FPG. In these regions, the use of FPG alone may delay diabetes diagnosis and underestimate diabetes prevalence. Our prediction equations help allocate finite resources for measuring HbA1c to reduce the global shortfall in diabetes diagnosis and surveillance.

Fasting glucose

Impaired fasting glucose

10.1038/s41591-023-02610-2

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Citations (23)

Association between HBV Infection and Colorectal Cancer in Iranian Population

GOVARESH (2020)

Fahimeh Safarnezhad Tameshkel Mohammad Hadi Karbalaie Niya Mahshid Panahi Mahdi Alemrajabi Zahra Tajik

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) as a major health problem has increased globally. The etiology of CRC is among the critical issues. Smoking, obesity, and infectious diseases are probable risk factors of CRC. Meanwhile, chronic infections, such as chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is under investigation. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to determine the rate of HBV genome infection in patients with CRC compared with healthy subjects’ colon tissues. Materials and Methods: Archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) blocks of 157 patients who underwent total colonoscopy that were referred to hospitals affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran, were enrolled. They were categorized into 66 CRC cases and healthy colon tissues as the control group. After DNA extraction from FFPE specimens a Syber Green Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was carried out. SPSS software version 16 was used for statistical analysis. Results: Of a total of 157 specimens, the mean age ± std. deviation of 66 patients with CRC was 59.3 ± 14.4, and 57.6% (38/66) of them were males. The mean age ± std. deviation of 91 healthy controls was 57.2 ± 14.6, and 57.1% (52) of them were males. By using real-time PCR we found that there were 6.4% (10/157) HBV positive, of them 9% (6/66) had CRC, and 4.4% (4/91) were healthy controls. Different variables did not have any significant differences. Conclusions: Although some studies reported the association between HBV infection and CRC outcome, we could not prove it. It suggests the role of other risk factors in colorectal cancer incidence. Further studies with larger sample size and different study populations are recommended.

Etiology

Hepatitis B

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