Abstract Background : Medicago sativa L. ( M. sativa L.) is a legume with high salt tolerance and a major forage crop with high biomass production. However, the large-scale full-length cDNA sequences of M. sativa L. in response to abiotic stress remain unclear. Results : We provided the complete transcriptome for M. sativa L. roots under different abiotic stressors using a combination of single-molecule real-time sequencing and next generation sequencing. Our results indicated that there were 21.53 Gb clean reads, which consisted of 566,076 insert reads and 409,291 full-length non-chimeric reads. We obtained 194,286 consistent transcripts based on a cluster analysis of full-length reads, and 41,248 high quality transcript sequences based on non-full-length reads. After correction using second-generation data for third-generation low-quality data, we obtained 81,017 transcript sequences according to a cogent analysis. The sequence structural analysis acquired 33,058 simple sequence repeats and 42,725 complete coding sequence regions. In addition, 77,221 transcripts were annotated by eight functional databases; 3,043 lncRNAs were predicted and 4,971 alternative splicings were acquired. Moreover, we confirmed the levels of highly differentially expressed transcripts (ADH1, PEPC, MJG19.6, PCKA and GAPC1) in M. sativa L. roots under NaCl and polyethylene glycol stress. Conclusions : Therefore, we fully and massively exposed the full-length transcripts related to abiotic stress in M. sativa L., which will lay the foundation for understanding gene regulation in M. sativa L. under abiotic stress.
Mechanisms of dry matter and nutrient accumulation/transport in super rice(Liangyoupeijiu) planted under different levels of NPK supply were studied.The results showed that:(1) The maximal value of dry matter accumulation in super rice emerged in the middle growth phase,which was approximately 50% of the total content.Nitrogen(N) supply was positively correlated with the accumulation of dry matter with R value of 0.8554,however phosphorus(P) and potassium(K) supply had minor effect.(2) Accumulation of N,P and K in super rice had different characteristics.Accumulation of N and P increased with super rice growing;and accumulation of K showed a single-peak curve in the whole growing period.Most of N(85.4%) was accumulated in the early and middle growing stages.Both P and K accumulation reached their maximal levels of 58.0% and 64.6% in the middle growth phase.Nutrient accumulation was positively correlated with the supply of N,P and K.N and K supply can significantly affected themselves accumulation levels,but the effects of P supply and interaction of N,P and K on nutrient accumulation were not significant.(3) In seeds of super rice,values of accumulated N,P and K contents were 99.2 kg/hm2,53.2 kg/hm2 and 23.8 kg/hm2,respectively.(ratio: 4.2∶2.2∶1),among which 75% of N,70% of P and 100% of K came from vegetative mass.Significant negative correlation between N transport rate in vegetative mass and N supply level was observed with R value of 0.9610,while effects of P and K were not significant.Increasing P supply level can enhance P transport rate,and the effect of N on P transport rate showed a single-peak curve.With increasing of K supply,transport rate and lose-rate of K elevated.Effect of N on K transport rate also showed a single-peak curve,which suggested that too high or too low N supply could negatively affect the accumulation of P and K.
To analyze the molecular characteristics of a ABO subgroup.The ABO phenotype was determined with the tube method. Exons of the ABO gene were analyzed by Sanger sequencing, and haplotypes of exons 6 and 7 were analyzed by cloning sequencing.By forward typing, the red blood cells showed 3+ agglutination reaction with anti-A and 4+ agglutination with anti-B. A weak reaction with A1 cells and no agglutination reaction with B, O cells by the reverse typing. Sequencing results showed heterozygosity including c.297A>G, c.467C>T, c.526C>G, c.608A>G, c.657C>T, c.703G>A, c.796C>A, c.803G>C, c.930G>A. Cloning sequencing revealed a c.608A>G variant in the A allele compared with the ABO*A1.02.A new variant site of subtype A of c.608G variation has been identified.
The drought resistance of six Lolium perenne fodder varieties at the seedling stage was studied by using PEG-6000 solution to simulate drought stress in the green house.The physiological and biochemical indexes such as relative water content(RWC),exosmosis rate of cytoplasm(RPP),proline content(Pro),chlorophyll contents(Chl),content of malondialdehyde(MDA),activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and CAT were measured.Drought resistance was evaluated by principal components analysis and subordinate function analysis.Results show that the seven significantly different drought-resistance indexes could be classified into 3 component parts.The capacity of drought resistance of the six Lolium perenne fodder varieties is gauged as follows:OupecToveNulEminentPolimYatsyn.
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is one of the most important legume forage species in China and many other countries of the world. It provides a quality source of proteins and minerals to animals. Genetic underpinnings for these important traits, however, are elusive. An alfalfa (M. sativa) association mapping study for six traits, namely crude protein (CP), rumen undegraded protein (RUP), and four mineral elements (Ca, K, Mg and P), was conducted in three consecutive years using a large collection encompassing 336 genotypes genotyped with 85 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. All the traits were significantly influenced by genotype, environment, and genotype × environment interaction. Eight-five significant associations (P < 0.005) were identified. Among these, five associations with Ca were repeatedly observed and six co-localized associations were identified. The identified marker alleles significantly associated with the traits provided important information for understanding genetic controls of alfalfa quality. The markers could be used in assisting selection for the individual traits in breeding populations for developing new alfalfa cultivars.
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