The present work was designed to evaluate the potential of natural products (neem leaf extract, pure and fermented cow urine + neem leaf) in comparison to dimethoate (chemical pesticide) for the control of psyllids (Heteropsylla cubana Crawford) infested in Leucaena leucocephala and study their effect on plant growth, dry matter production, soil and plant Nitrogen, Phosphorus content, fodder quality as crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) and rhizosphere micro flora. All the treatments significantly controlled psyllids over control. Fermented cow urine + neem leaf produced best results followed by neem leaf hot water extract, pure cow urine and dimethoate. Neem leaf hot water extract enhanced above ground growth and dry matter yield of plants while fermented cow urine + neem leaf extract increased below ground growth and dry matter yield. Chemical pesticide suppressed dry matter yield. All the treatments, except dimethoate, induced the growth of rhizosphere microflora (viz. Rhizobium, total bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi). N and P content of soil and plants and CP content of plants were significantly highest in the treatments of fermented cow urine + neem leaf extract and neem leaf hot water extract, respectively.

Leucaena

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Effect of Feeding Leucaena Leucocephala in Combination with Hybrid Napier on Growth and Nutrient Utilisation in Crossbred Calves

Indian Journal of Animal Nutrition (1989)

V.C. Pachauri P.S. Pathak

A growth experiment for 100 d was conducted on 12 Hariana x Holstein calves (88 kg) randomly divided into 2 equal groups and fed on dry grass + 1 kg concentrate mixture (group 1) and a 1 :1 mixture of green NB21 and Leucaena forage (group 2). The average body weight gains were higher (430 g/d) in group 1 than in group 2 (260 g/d). However, the results of metabolism trial conducted at the end of 1 month feeding indicated that the digestibilities of DM, OM, NFE, ADF and cell contents were significantly higher in group 2 than in group 1. Both, DCP and TDN were higher in group 2 (7.31%, 57.07%) than in group 1 (6.30%, 50.77%). It was also observed that after 2 months of feeding, all the calves in Leucaena fed group exhibited ulcers in the tongue and buccal cavity with blood oozing out. The results thus indicated that the proportion of hybrid Napier used in the mixed fodder could not ameliorate the ill effects of Leucaena fodder in growing calves.

Leucaena

Fodder

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Plant Introduction in Forage Crops–Achievements and Opportunities

Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources (2005)

P.S. Pathak RN Choubey

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Effect of Silvipasture System on Rumen Fermentation and Growth in Crossbred Heifers

Indian Journal of Animal Nutrition (1998)

A.K. Samanta V.S. Upadhyay P.S. Pathak

Grazing of heifers on natural grassland (Sehima and Heteropogon) without any tree plantation (T1) was compared with those grazing on grassland planted with Acacia tartilis (T2) and Hardwickia binata (T3) with the spacing of 4 x 3m. Two paddocks (20 x 24 m each) rotational grazing, having 15 d interval, was practiced. First phase was comprised of grazing on respective plots but during the second phase of experiment, attempt was made to supplement the grazing through tree leaves and pods. Twelve heifers (four in each group) was allowed to graze for 8h daily. Ammonia N and TWA in rumen fluid were below the minimum concentration except in Acacia pod supplementation group. Total protozoal population ranged from 5.11 x 104 to 8.60 x 104/ml SRL. During first phase, live weight gain were 67,83 and 67 g/d in T1, T2 2nd T3, respectively, However, negative growth rate was recorded during second phase except in T2 group. Thus, such silvipasture system can sustain live weight gain of 67 to 83 g/d from mid October in mid December (Autumn) and body weight maintainance was possible on subsequent period with Acacia pod supplementation.

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Forage yield and related plant processes in Cenchrus and Panicum under silvipastoral system

R. K. Bhatt L.P. Misra P.S. Pathak

Paper presented in International Conference on Sustainable Development of Degraded lands through Agroforestry in Asia and the Pacific, held at New Delhi, 25-30 November 1994.

Cenchrus ciliaris

Panicum

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