Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world. The triterpenoid compound asiatic acid derived from the tropical medicinal plant Centella asiatica displays cytotoxic activity on fibroblast cells and several other kinds of cells. The present work studies asiatic acid-mediated growth inhibition of cancer cells and the underlying mechanism. Asiatic acid markedly inhibited cancer cell proliferation. Apoptosis of SW480 human colon cancer cells was induced by asiatic acid as shown by flow cytometry, DNA fragmentation and nuclear chromatin condensation experiments. Through increasing mitochondrial membrane permeability and cytochrome c release from mitochondria into cytosol, asiatic acid induced caspase-9 activity, which further activated caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage resulting in irreversible apoptotic death in the tumor cells. Taken together, these results suggest that mitochondrial death apoptosis cascade plays very important roles in asiatic acid-induced cancer apoptosis.
The common octopus, Octopus vulgaris is commercially important species in Korea. Korean fishing vessels have actively caught it. However, the study of this species has been poorly known. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide information about maturation and spawning period of this species. Samplings have been monthly collected in Tongyoung and Sacheon of Gyeongsangnam-do, using traps. A total of 748 individuals were sampled from February 2007 to January 2008. We analyzed monthly changes in maturity stages, gonadosomatic index, total weight at 50% group maturity. The octopus total weight was between 128.6 and 3381.4 g. Females were distributed between 129.8 and 3381.4 g and males between 128.6 and 2378.4 g. The spawning periods were May to June and September. The total weight at 50% group maturity was estimated to be 919.6 g.
Objective: To investigate cosmetic potential of Syzygium aromaticum L. (S. aromaticum L.) and to determine its antioxidant and anti-wrinkling effects. Methods: Using high-performance liquid chromatography, eugenol component was quantitated. The antioxidant activity of S. aromaticum L. was analyzed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging and superoxide dismutase like activities. To determine cell viability, elastase and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) activity, human dermal fibroblasts (HS68) were treated with S. aromaticum L. The inhibitory effect of S. aromaticum L. on tumor necrosis factor alpha induced MMPs expression in HS68 was analyzed by realtime-PCR. Results: The eugenol content was confirmed in S. aromaticum L. S. aromaticum L. was observed to have high 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and superoxide dismutase like activity. S. aromaticum L. had no cytotoxicity against the HS68 and dose-dependently increased elastase inhibition. Moreover, S. aromaticum L. significantly decreased MMP-1 content and inhibited gene levels of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3 and MMP-9. Conclusions: The findings suggest that S. aromaticum L. has great potential as a cosmeceutical ingredient with antioxidant and anti-wrinkling effects.
Comorbidities associated with psychiatric disorders often occur in patients with cancer. A causal effect of schizophrenia on cancer was observed using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. However, the causal effect of colorectal cancer on schizophrenia has not been studied using MR analysis. Therefore, we performed MR analysis to investigate the causal effects of colorectal cancer on schizophrenia. We performed "two-sample summary-data Mendelian randomization" using publicly available genome-wide association studies data to investigate the causal relationship between colorectal cancer (as exposure) and schizophrenia (as outcome). The inverse variance weighted method was used to calculate causal estimates. In 2 TSMR analyses, we reported that the odds ratios for schizophrenia per log odds increase in colorectal cancer risk were 6.48 (95% confidential interval [CI] of OR 1.75-24.03; P = .005) and 9.62 × 106 (95% CI of OR 1.13-8.22 × 1013; P = .048). Pleiotropic tests and sensitivity analysis demonstrated minimal horizontal pleiotropy and robustness of the causal relationship. We provide evidence for a causal relationship between the incidence of colorectal cancer and the development of schizophrenia through TSMR analysis.
본 연구에서는 31개월령 북방전복의 성장형질에 대한 선발반응을 추정하기 위해 2008년에 생산된 2세대 육종전복의 모집단 6,858마리와 다음 세대 생산을 위해 최종 교배지침에 포함된 614마리의 자료를 이용하였다. 각 형질별 전체평균은 각 장, 각폭 및 중량이 각각 76.31 mm, 49.48 mm 및 56.90 g로 조사되었고, 중량의 변이계수가 28.70%로 나타나 다른 형질에 비해 자료의 변이가 가장 크게 나타났다. 각장, 각폭, 중량 및 비만도에 있어서 성과 성숙도의 효과에 대한 분산분석을 실시한 결과 비만도를 제외한 모든 형질에서 고도의 유의성이 인정되었으며 (p < 0.01), 성의 효과는 비만도를 제외한 모든 형질에 있어서 수컷보다 암컷이 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 각 형질별 육종가와 표현형가의 상관관계는 각장, 각폭 및 중량에 있어서 순위상관계수와 단순상관계수의 범위가 0.63에서 0.71로 대체적으로 낮게 나타나 육종가와 표현형가의 상관관계를 더 높인다면 보다 효율적인 개량을 도모할 수 있을 것으로 사료되며, 선발반응 예측치 즉, 기대되는 유전적 개량량은 각장, 각폭 및 중량이 각각 9.6%, 9.5% 및 26.1%로 나타났다. 따라서 다음 세대에 있어서 보다 높은 선발반응을 기대하기 위해서는 선발의 정확도는 물론 최종교배를 위해 선발되는 개체의 비율과 선발강도를 적절히 고려하여야 할 것으로 사료된다. This study was conducted to estimation the selection response for growth-related traits in 31-month old of Pacific abalone, Haliotis discus hannai were born in 2008. In overall mean of surveyed traits and standard deviation showed $76.31{\pm}7.247$ mm of shell length, $49.48{\pm}5.307$ mm of shell width and $40.96{\pm}6.80$ g of total weight. The effect of sex and maturity were statistically significant in all traits include out a condition factor (p < 0.01). And In effect of sex, female were higher than male in all traits excepting condition factor, significantly. In correlation between breeding value and phenotypic value by each traits, showed rank correlation coefficient and simple correlation coefficient, which represented low positive correlation. A hopeful genetic improvement to the next generation showed 6.96 mm of shell length, 4.47 mm of shel width and 12.93 g of total weight. Therefor, It is considered that if considering properly selection intensity and selection ratio, efficient improvement could be made.
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