A system of illuminant-independent color reproduction has been developed for practical use in medicine, and its performance was subjectively evaluated by a group of healthcare professionals of various specialties. For medical diagnosis, it is important to archive image data of diseased skin for the purpose of visually reviewing its chronological changes. However, sufficient color reproduction quality has never developed for this purpose. First, the illuminant conditions at various locations in a university hospital were measured and it was found that illuminants used in the hospital have a wide range of colors and that some of them have color rendering index (Ra) values that are too low for ordinary colorimetric color reproduction. Therefore, the multi-spectral imaging technique was applied for the illuminant-independent color reproduction to correct the color adaptively to the various kinds of illuminant. The healthcare professionals group evaluated the reproduced skin color by comparing the images with real skin. The results verify the effectiveness of the developed system and also expose the medical need for shading reproduction in addition to averaged color reproduction.
Many image processing methods have been developed for clearing up a blurred image. However, they cannot process an image that contains multiple kinds of blurs (e.g. camera shake, motion blur, out of focus, etc.), or what is called a combined blur image. Therefore, we propose a method for deblurring a combined blur image that contains two kinds of blurs, a system point spread function (PSF) and camera shakes. In addition, we take into account image enhancements, such as edge reinforcement and gamma correction, which is usually contained in images taken with consumer cameras, and that is not considered in conventional methods. The results show our method improved the deblurring performance for combined blur images.
Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) were fabricated with heterojunction interfaces and layers that were prepared by cold isostatic pressing (CIP), and the growth characteristics of their non-emission areas, or dark frames (D/Fs), were investigated during storage. We fabricated an OLED with an indium–tin-oxide (ITO)/N,N'-di(1-naphthyl)-N,N'-diphenyl-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'-diamine (α-NPD)/tris(8-hydroxylquinoline)aluminum (Alq3)/LiF/Al structure without CIP treatment (Device I), as well as OLEDs that were pressed after the deposition of α-NPD (Device II), Alq3 (Device III), and LiF/Al (Device IV) layers. Although Devices I, II, and III showed typical D/F growth characteristics, the D/F growth rate in Device IV was markedly mitigated, indicating that the Alq3/LiF/Al interfaces dominated the D/F growth. Moreover, we found that the electron injection characteristic was poorer in the electron-only device stored after the LiF layer deposition than in that stored before the LiF deposition. Therefore, the decreased electron injection due to storage at the interfaces was attributed to the D/F growth.
Abstract The local structure around the Tl atoms in TlInSe thermoelectric material was investigated by X‐ray fluorescence holography (XFH), XAFS, and X‐ray diffraction (XD). The temperature dependent XAFS and XD data reveal that no distinct phase change features are found, and the position of the Tl atoms are fluctuated randomly in the Tl chain direction of the crystal, which is consistent with the XFH result at room temperature. Also, an interference between the positions of Tl and In atoms is suggested by all of these experiments.
In recent years, the resolution of display devices has been extremely increased. The resolution of video camera (except very expensive one), however, is quite lower than that of display since it is difficult to achieve high spatial resolution with specific frame rate (e.g. 30 frames per second) due to the limited bandwidth. The resolution of image can be increased by interpolation, such as bi-cubic interpolation, but in this method it is known that the edges of image are blurred. To create plausible high-frequency details in the blurred image, super-resolution technique has been studied for a long time. In this paper, we proose a new algorithm for video super-resolution by considering multi-sensor camera system. The multi-sensor camera can capture two types video sequence as follow; (a) high-resolution with low frame rate luminance sequence, (b) low-resolution with high frame rate color sequences. The training pairs for super-resolution are obtained from these two sequences. The relationships between the high- and low-resolution frames are trained using pixel-based feature named "texton" and stored in the database with their spatial distribution. The low-resolution sequences are then represented with texton and each texton is substituted by searching the trained database to create high-resolution features in output sequences. The experimental results showed that the proposed method can well reproduce both the detail regions and sharp edges of the scene. It was also shown that the PSNR of the image obtained by proposed method is improved compared to the image by bi-cubic interpolation method.
To clarify microscopic elastic properties of a Pd 40 Ni 40 P 20 bulk metallic glass, inelastic X-ray scattering (IXS) experiments were carried out using high-resolution IXS spectrometer installed at BL35XU/SPring-8. Clear longitudinal acoustic (LA) excitation modes are observed in the whole momentum transfer Q range up to ~22 nm -1 . The microscopic sound velocity of the LA modes obtained from the Q → 0 limit of the dispersion relation is about 12% faster than the macroscopic value, suggesting the microscopic heterogeneity in the elastic properties of this BMG. In addition, transverse acoustic (TA) modes can be deduced from a detailed analysis of the IXS spectra. The microscopic Poisson’s ratio obtained from the ratio of the excitation energies of the TA and LA modes is 0.47 ± 0.04, larger than the macroscopic value of 0.40. Thus, the fragile nature of this BMG already found in the macroscopic sense is much enhanced in the microscopic view.
