Sai Sreeya Gude

University of Houston

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Sai Sravya Gude

Guntur Medical College

Harshita Marasandra Ramesh

Kasturba Medical College, Manipal

Nikhil Chowdary Peddi

St. Barnabas Hospital

Sravya Vuppalapati

Institute of Medical Sciences

Shravya Venu Gopal

Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore

Bhuvanasai Vejandla

University of Cincinnati Medical Center

Shravya Venugopal

Kasturba Medical College, Manipal

Venkateswarlu Chintagumpala

Massachusetts General Hospital

Tejaswi Venigalla

Einstein Medical Center Montgomery

Rithik S Veeravalli

University of Cincinnati Medical Center

Cooperative Institutions

University of Cincinnati Medical Center

Loyola University Chicago

Guntur Medical College

University of Houston

Einstein Medical Center Montgomery

Crozer-Keystone Health System

St. Barnabas Hospital

Sri Siddhartha Medical College

Kasturba Medical College, Manipal

Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore

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The Role of Myositis-Specific Autoantibodies in the Dermatomyositis Spectrum

Cureus (2022)

Harshita Marasandra Ramesh Sai Sreeya Gude Shravya Venugopal Nikhil Chowdary Peddi Sai Sravya Gude

Dermatomyositis (DM) is a systemic autoimmune disease that affects skeletal muscles, the skin, and the lungs. It is characterized by autoantibodies, tissue inflammation, parenchymal cell damage, death, and vasculopathy. In terms of epidemiology, DM affects both children and adults. The current pathophysiology of DM is described as an autoimmune attack on the afflicted organs driven by environmental variables such as UV exposure, medications, infections, and lifestyle choices in genetically predisposed people. DM is also a paraneoplastic condition, which means that cancer may arise before, along with, or following the development of the symptoms of DM.

Inclusion body myositis

10.7759/cureus.22978

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Citations (11)

Colorectal Cancer Diagnostic Methods: The Present and Future

Cureus (2023)

Sai Sravya Gude Rithik S Veeravalli Bhuvanasai Vejandla Sai Sreeya Gude Tejaswi Venigalla

To meet the needs of the colorectal cancer (CRC) patient population, colorectal cancer screening is continuously updated. The most significant advice is to start CRC screening exams at age 45 for people at average risk for CRC. CRC testing is divided into two categories: stool-based tests and visual inspections. High-sensitivity guaiac-based fecal occult blood testing, fecal immunochemical testing, and multitarget stool DNA testing are stool-based assays. Colon capsule endoscopy and flexible sigmoidoscopy are visualization examinations. There have been arguments about the importance of these tests in detecting and managing precursor lesions because of the lack of validation of screening results. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence and genetics have prompted the creation of newer diagnostic tests, which require validation in diverse populations and cohorts. In this article, we have discussed the present and emerging diagnostic tests.

Sigmoidoscopy

Fecal occult blood

Colorectal cancer screening

10.7759/cureus.37622

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Citations (8)

Unraveling the Nature of Antibiotics: Is It a Cure or a New Hurdle to the Patient Treatment?

Cureus (2022)

Sai Sreeya Gude Shravya Venu Gopal Harshita Marasandra Ramesh Sravya Vuppalapati Nikhil Chowdary Peddi

Antimicrobial resistance is an increasing problem worldwide that has been exacerbated by antibiotic misuse worldwide. Growing antibiotic resistance can be attributed to as well as leads to severe infections, complications, prolonged hospital admissions, and higher mortality. One of the most important goals of administering antimicrobials is to avoid establishing antibiotic resistance during therapy. This can be done by drastically lowering worldwide antimicrobial usage, both in present and future. While current management methods to legislate antimicrobials and educate the healthcare community on the challenges are beneficial, they do not solve the problem of attaining an overall reduction in antimicrobial usage in humans. Application of rapid microbiological diagnostics for identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing, use of inflammation markers to guide initiation and duration of therapies, reduction of standard antibiotic course durations, individualization of antibiotic treatments, and dosing considering pharmacokinetics are all possible strategies to optimize antibiotic use in everyday clinical practice and reduce the risk of inducing bacterial resistance. Furthermore, to remove any impediments to proper prescribing, strategies to improve antibiotic prescribing and antibiotic stewardship programs should enable clinical reasoning and enhance the prescribing environment. In addition, the well-established association between antimicrobial usage and resistance should motivate efforts to develop antimicrobial treatment regimens that facilitate the evolution of resistance. This review discusses the role of antibiotics, their current application in human medicine, and how the resistance has evolved to the existing antibiotics based on the existing literature.

Antimicrobial Stewardship

Antibiotic Stewardship

10.7759/cureus.23955

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Citations (2)

Biomarkers of Neonatal Sepsis: From Being Mere Numbers to Becoming Guiding Diagnostics

Cureus (2022)

Sai Sravya Gude Nikhil Chowdary Peddi Sravya Vuppalapati Shravya Venu Gopal Harshita Marasandra Ramesh

Neonatal sepsis is a common cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. The diagnosis of newborn sepsis is still difficult. Different early objective diagnostic tests or specific signs and symptoms, particularly in preterm infants, make it difficult to diagnose neonatal sepsis. This review article describes biomarkers and their role in the early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of neonatal sepsis. It also explores the possible advances and future prospects of these biomarkers. An ideal sepsis biomarker will not only help in the guidance of the use of antibiotics when not needed but also the duration of the course of antibiotics if sepsis is proven. It should also have high sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value. These biomarkers hold a promising position in the management of neonatal sepsis and translate into use in clinical settings. Metabolomics, a diagnostic method based on detecting metabolites found in biological fluids, may open new possibilities in the management of critically ill newborns.

Neonatal Sepsis

10.7759/cureus.23215

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Citations (19)

Intrauterine Fetal Gene Therapy: Is That the Future and Is That Future Now?

Cureus (2022)

Nikhil Chowdary Peddi Harshita Marasandra Ramesh Sai Sravya Gude Sai Sreeya Gude Sravya Vuppalapati

Researchers are looking into techniques to intervene sooner and earlier in the disease process thanks to advances in disease genetics, etiologies, and prenatal diagnosis. We conducted a literature search in PubMed-indexed journals to provide an overview of the evolution of gene therapy, rationale for prenatal gene therapy, uses and risks of gene therapy, and ethical issues following the usage of gene therapy. Recent animal research has revealed that transmitting genetic material to a growing fetus through viral and non-viral vectors is conceivable besides proving how gene-editing technology is achieved by various mechanisms that utilize zinc finger nucleases, TAL effector nucleases, and clustered short palindromic repeats-Cas9 complex. This review offers an overview of the current knowledge in the field of prenatal gene therapy, as well as potential future research avenues. In addition, it weighs the risks of prenatal gene therapy, such as oncogenesis, genetic mutation transfer from mother to child, and fetal disruption, against the expected benefits, such as preventing the development of severe early-onset illness symptoms, targeting previously inaccessible organs, and establishing tolerance to the therapeutic transgenic protein, all of which lead to permanent somatic gene correction. This review discusses the scientific, ethical, legal, and sociological implications of these groundbreaking genetic disease prevention techniques, as well as the parameters that must be satisfied for a future clinical application to be considered.

Zinc finger nuclease

10.7759/cureus.22521

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Citations (10)