REVIEWS Gustave Flaubert par sa niéce Caroline Franklin Gront. Textes établis, présentés er annotés par MATHIEU DESPORTES. Publications de I'Université de Rouen, 1999. 256 pp., II b&w plates, I colour ill. Pb 140 F. GEOFFREY WALL GEOFFREY WALL Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar French Studies, Volume LV, Issue 4, October 2001, Pages 558–559, https://doi.org/10.1093/fs/LV.4.558 Published: 01 October 2001
This study assesses tourism plans by comparing principles in the literature on tourism planning with Egyptian National tourism planning documents. Issues that are addressed relate to the choice of goals and objectives and the form that they take in Egyptian national tourism planning. It is found that Egyptian tourism planning follows the trends of according growing attention to sustainability and promoting the value of collaboration and synchronization on the part of multiple agencies. However, there is much room for improvement, particularly regarding reaping the benefits of such initiatives due to a lack of comprehensiveness in planning.
In little more than a quarter of a century, China has changed from being a country with minimal conventional tourism to becoming a leader in global tourism, although its tourism flows are dominated...
Public participation has long been recognized as a tool for balancing power in decision making and to spread the benefits of development projects. However, empowerment is a long-term and continuing process. In a top-down development context such as China, the sharing of benefits is likely to precede involvement in decision making. This paper reports a case study of community displacement as a result of tourism development in Hainan Province, China. It illustrates the encouraging process whereby the resettled villagers prepared for participation and became involved in the surrounding tourism development. The productive energies and creative talents which had been previously bottled up by minority cultures and traditions were opened up after the move, and the villagers began to demonstrate enhanced desires and abilities to share in the benefits of tourism. The paper demonstrates that they are able to articulate their needs and desires, if given the opportunity. However, it is hard for the minority Li villagers to participate and achieve significant benefits with their own efforts alone. Outside political, financial and technical help is required if they are to move up the participation spiral.
La participation publique a longtemps ete reconnue comme un outil pour equilibrer le pouvoir dans le processus de prise de decision et pour repartir les avantages des projets de developpement. Cependant, le renforcement du pouvoir est un processus a long terme et continu. Dans un contexte de gestion hierarchique du developpement comme on le retrouve en Chine, le partage des avantages est susceptible de venir avant la participation au processus de decision. On presente dans ce rapport une etude de cas sur le deplacement d’une collectivite en raison du developpement touristique dans la province de Hainan, en Chine. On souligne le processus encourageant par lequel les villageois reinstalles se sont prepares a la participation et ont pris part au developpement du tourisme environnant. Les energies productives et les talents createurs qui avaient auparavant ete bâillonnes en raison du caractere minoritaire de cette culture et des traditions ont enfin ete liberes, et les villageois ont commence a faire preuve de leurs habiletes et de leurs desirs grandissants de retirer certains avantages du tourisme. On demontre dans cet article qu’ils etaient en mesure d’articuler leurs besoins et leurs desirs, si on leur en laissait l’occasion. Toutefois, il est difficile pour les villageois de la minorite Li de retirer des avantages significatifs par leurs seuls efforts. Hormis l’aide politique, une aide financiere et technique est donc necessaire afin qu’ils puissent gravir des echelons en matiere de participation aux avantages.
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