For avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH), repair and regeneration are difficult because of the edema and high pressure caused by continuous ischemia and hypoxia. Core decompression (CD) is a classic method for treating early ANFH before the collapse of the femoral head; however, its effect is still controversial. To improve the therapeutic effect of CD on ANFH, a novel tissue-engineered bone (TEB) was constructed by combining bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) with nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen I/poly-L-lactic acid (nHAC/PLA) scaffolds and implanting the TEB into the bone tunnel of CD. Cell attachment was observed by scanning electron microscopy and hematoxylin and eosin staining. The authors' previous studies confirmed that nHAC/PLA is an excellent scaffold material with favorable biocompatibility and no cytotoxicity. A total of 24 New Zealand rabbits with ANFH were randomly divided into three groups, as follows: Group A (n=8), pure CD; group B (n=8), CD+nHAC/PLA; and group C (n=8), CD+BMSCs-nHAC/PLA. The favorable effect of BMSCs-nHAC/PLA on angiogenesis and bone formation in necrotic areas was further evaluated via radiographic and histological analyses. Computerized tomography (CT) scanning and H&E staining showed more capillaries and new osteoid tissue in group C compared with in groups B and A. Micro-CT showed that the new bone coverage rate and implanted material degradation degree were each increased in group C compared with in group B. These results indicate that BMSCs-nHAC/PLA scaffolds may improve the curative effect of CD and provide a strategy for treating ANFH.
This study aims to help physicians obtain the detection rate and colonoscopic information of colorectal cancer (CRC) among patients in a city in China.A total of 15,189 participants who underwent total colonoscopy between January 2000 and December 2015 were studied. A total of 1022 CRCs were diagnosed. We analyzed the detection rate, anatomic sites, and pathologic types among different sex, age, and decade groups. Moreover, we investigated the corresponding relationships between the anatomic sites and the pathologic types.Colonoscopic examinations revealed that the risk for CRC between men and women showed no significant difference (6.97% vs. 6.42%). The detection rate of CRC significantly increased with age (2.08% vs. 5.95% vs. 15.09%). The proportion of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma among the youth group was significantly higher than that in the other age groups (25.0% vs. 11.54% vs. 8.33%). However, the numbers of cases with well-differentiated and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma observed in the old-aged group were higher than other age groups. This finding demonstrated that the differentiation degree of adenocarcinoma increased with the age. Neuroendocrine tumor was mainly located in the rectum (95.0%), and appeared more frequently among the youth group (7.5% vs. 1.48% vs. 1.06%).We found the detection rate of CRC varied in terms of sex and decade. The CRC cases in the youth group exhibited a high malignant degree. The most common anatomic site was rectum, so we should focus more on digital rectal examination.
Objective To understand the prevalence rate and epidemiological factors of hypertension among Mongolians.Methods Subjects were chosen from people above 15 years old in ten towns of Inner Mongolia.Universal investigation was adopted through questionnaire and while blood pressure was measured.The softwares of Excel and SAS were used to analyze the data.Results The prevalence of hypertension among Mongolians was 28.18%,rising with age.Multiple step logistic regression analysis showed that five variables had significant differences;that were family history of hypertension,age,WHR,snoring,and drinking.Conclusions Family history of hypertension,age,fat,snoring and drinking may be the risk factors of hypertension among Mongolians.
Synchronous neoplastic lesions are usually present in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) at diagnosis or postoperative follow-up endoscopy. However, few studies have been published about the clinicopathological features of synchronous lesions, especially those of synchronous advanced neoplasia. This study aimed to describe synchronous lesions in patients with CRC because this knowledge may be useful for preventing the development of metachronous cancer.We retrospectively reviewed 261 primary CRC cases with synchronous lesions referred to our hospital during a 4-year period. Personal history, habits, family history, characteristics of index cancer, and synchronous lesions were assessed.In total, the 261 patients with CRC had 812 synchronous adenomas and 146 advanced neoplasia. Diminutive, small, and large polyps made up 66.7%, 20.2%, and 13.1% of all lesions, respectively; 9.3% of diminutive and small adenomas were advanced neoplasia, and 45.2% of synchronous advanced lesions were subcentimeter polyps. Both synchronous non-advanced lesions and advanced lesions developed most frequently in the distal colon, followed by the proximal colon, and were least frequently found in the rectum (P < 0.001). Older age (P = 0.04) and male gender (P = 0.001) were associated with the presence of advanced neoplasia in CRC cases with synchronous neoplastic lesions. Meanwhile, the use of aspirin may be associated with a lower incidence of advanced neoplasia (P = 0.04).Patients diagnosed with CRC require detailed clearing of the remainder of the colon at baseline coloscopy or postoperative follow-up examination, and we should take a more cautious approach to synchronous subcentimeter polyps in this group of patients.
Emerging evidence has implicated that the abnormal expression of MCM3 and MCM7 contributes to tumor formation and progression. However, MCM3 and MCM7 protein expression in different subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma have not yet been reported. In the present study, we detected MCM7 and MCM3 protein level in five subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma by immunohistochemistry. The five subtypes can be divided into 3 grades-grade 1: lepidic adenocarcinoma, grade 2: acinar or papillary adenocarcinoma and grade 3: solid or micropapillary adenocarcinoma. The immunostaining showed that MCM7 level was lowest in the grade 1 subtype and highest in the grade 3 subtypes. The statistical analysis proved that MCM7 expression increased step wisely with the ascending of tumor grades. However, there is no significant relationship between MCM3 expression and tumor grades. In addition, we investigated the association of MCM7 and MCM3 expression with clinicopathological characteristics. The results showed that tumors with lymph node metastasis had higher MCM7 level than those without lymph node metastasis statistically (P<0.0001). MCM3 expression has no significant relationship with clinicopathological characteristics. In conclusion, our results suggested that MCM7 may be a useful biomarker for the pathological diagnosis of subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma and it also may be a potential prognostic marker for lung adenocarcinoma.
Ca2+-sensors, calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs), and calcineurin B-like protein-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) form a CBL–CIPK complex to regulate signal transduction. This study aimed to reveal the characteristics of the CBL–CIPK gene family in oil persimmon (Diospyros oleifera). Ten DoCBL and 23 DoCIPK genes were identified, and gene duplication among them was mainly attributed to segmental duplication. According to phylogenetic and structural analysis, DoCBLs were clustered into four groups with distinct motifs, namely myristoylation and palmytoylation sites in their N-terminus, and DoCIPKs containing a NAF/FISL domain were clustered into intron-rich and intron-less groups. The expression patterns of DoCBLs and DoCIPKs were tissue- and time-specific in different tissues and at different stages of fruit development. Most CBL–CIPK genes were upregulated under NaCl, drought, and Ca(NO3)2 stress using qRT-PCR analysis. DoCBL5 and DoCIPK05 were both located in the plasma membrane of cells using green fusion proteins (GFP) in tobacco leaves. DoCBL5 and DoCIPK05 might interact with AKT1, PP2C, and SNF to regulate the Ca2+ signals, K+, and ABA homeostasis in cells. In conclusion, these results suggested that the CBL–CIPK family genes might play important roles in oil persimmon growth and stress responses.
Vitamin D3 is beneficial in ameliorating or preventing inflammation and carcinogenesis. CCL20 is a potential therapeutic target in carcinogenesis, which mediates the protective effect of vitamin D or vitamin D analogue in autoimmune and cancer diseases. Here we aim to evaluate whether vitamin D3 plays a protective role in colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) by affecting CCL20 and the molecular mechanism. Administration of azoxymethane (AOM) followed with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) was used to simulate CAC in mouse. After 5-day DSS treatment, vitamin D3 supplementation was for 9 weeks at 60 IU/g/w. We found that dietary vitamin D3 significantly reduced the tumor number and tumor burden in mouse. In-vivo and -vitro, vitamin D3 reduced the levels of CCL20, phospho-p38 MAPK (p-p38) and phospho-NF-κB p65 (p-p65), and the transcriptional activity of NF-κB. Further studies showed that CCL20 mediated the inhibition of vitamin D3 in p38MAPK-mediated NF-κB signaling in vitro. Taken together, vitamin D3 effectively suppressed colonic carcinogenesis in AOM-DSS mouse model. Downregulation of CCL20 may contribute to the preventive effect of vitamin D3 on NF-κB activity. It may merit further clinical investigation as a therapeutic agent against CAC in humans.
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