As a novel bioaffinity chromatography technique, cell membrane chromatography (CMC) was first established by Professor He in 1996, with which combined high performance liquid chromatography, cytobiology, and receptor pharmacology. The cell membrane stationary phase (CMSP) consists of porous silica coated with active cell membranes. By immersing silica into a suspension of cell membranes, the whole surface of silica was covered by the cell membranes. In CMC, the interaction of drugs or compounds with the immobilized cell membrane or its receptors is investigated using liquid chromatography. In general, with the aim to provide scientific foundation for further development and application, this paper mainly focuses on the characteristics of the cell membrane stationary phase (CMSP), the CMC analytical system, and its applications in traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) about CMC. With the development of CMC, the breakthrough progress of it in studying active components of TCMs field is expectant.
Bacterial infections caused by pathogenic bacteria are extremely threatening to human health. Currently, the treatment of bacterial infections relies heavily on antibiotics, leading to a high incidence of antibiotic abuse. Bacterial resistance appeared along with the misuse of antibiotics that produced growing harm to human beings. Therefore, a cutting-edge strategy for treating bacterial infections is indeed needed. Here we prepared QCuRCDs@BMoS2 nanocomposites (QBs) for an efficient bacterial trapping and triple quaternary ammonium salt/photothermal/photodynamic bactericidal method. Copper-doped carbon quantum dots were first prepared by using a solvothermal method, modified with quaternary ammonium salts, and then combined with grafted MoS2 nanoflowers. The long alkyl chains of QBs and the sharp surface of MoS2 facilitate the destruction of bacterial structures, while the electrostatic adsorption binds closely to bacteria, shortening the bactericidal distance of the reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, the excellent photothermal performance under 808 nm irradiation in the near-infrared (NIR) region and deep penetrating heat can accelerate oxidative stress and achieve a multisynergistic bactericidal purpose. Consequently, QBs with ideal antibacterial properties and inherent brightness hold great promise in the biomedical field.
To study the protective effect of single prescription of traditional Chinese medicine Zige lyophilized powder on hypoxia/reoxygenation injury of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).HUVECs were cultured in vitro and Krebs liquid was adopted to establish the hypoxia/reoxygenation injury model. After intervention of Zige lyophilized powder, MTT colorimetric method was used to determine cell activity, the xanthine oxidase method is adopted to detect the activity of superoxide dismutases (SOD) in cells, the thibabituric acid developing method was adopted to determine the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), the nitrate reductase method was used to detect the content of nitric oxide (NO), the 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine developing method was adopted to the content of extracellular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) , and the Western blot method was used to analyze the expression of cell apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3.Compared with the model group, 12.5 mg x L(-1) of Zige lyophilized powder can enhanced cell viability (P < 0.05). Besides, 49.0, 24.5, 12.5 mg x L(-1) of Zige lyophilized powder prevents the decline of SOD activity during H/R (P < 0.05). Furthermore, 24.5, 12.5 mg x L(-1) Zige lyophilized powder significantly inhibited the increase of MDA and NO content and improved the expression of Bcl-2 protein (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). And 49.0, 24.5, 12.5 mg x L(-1) of Zige lyophilized powder significantly decreased Bax level and up-regulated Bcl-2/Bax ratio. Caspase activation and apoptosis were monitored in the reoxygenated cells. 49.0, 24.5 mg x L(-1) Zige lyophilized powder can decreased Caspase-3 expression (P < 0.01).Zige lyophilized powder can prevent H/R induced injury to HUVECs, which may be related to its effect in inhibiting cell peroxidation injury and enhancing cell antioxidant and antiapoptotic capacities
Small cell lung cancer, most malignant and highly aggressive has a high relapse rate due to drug resistance. Potential strategies as high dose chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation and analysis on genes of metastases are focused on. In spite of great improvement, methods and clinic significances of bone marrow micrometastases are still to be determinated. Bone micrometastases may be a resort to clarify the mechanism of metastases.
Objective:To study the inhibitory effect on estradiol(E2) production of endometriosis by medicated serum of Jiawei Sanleng pill(SLW) and approach the mechanism of inducing apoptosis of human endometrial cells of endometriosis by medicated serum of SLW.Methods:The eutopic endometrial cells of hysteromyoma and endometriosis patients were cultured.Taking that of the endometrial cells of hysteromyoma as control,the secretion level of E2 of endometrial cells in the culture media supernatant at different time point with the treatment of high,middle and low dose of SLW serum was detected by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay and the apoptosis percentage of endometrium cells in early stage and late stage was detected by flow cytometry and TUNEL method.After the optimal time for SLW to induce apoptosis of eutopic endometrial cells of endometriosis in early stage and late stage was identified based on time-effect relationship,another endometrium cells were divided into six groups:hysteromyoma endometrium group,eutopic endometrium of endometriosis group,eutopic endometrium of endometriosis+middle dose of SLW serum group,eutopic endometrium of endometriosis+anastrozole serum group,eutopic endometria of endometriosis+middle dose of SLW serum+E2 group and eutopic endometrium of endometriosis+E2 group.The apoptosis percentage of endometrial cells in early stage and late stage of each group was detected according to the optimal time point respectively.Results:The secretion level of E2 of eutopic endometrium of endometriosis was decreased by SLW,which showed the dependence of concentration and time.The apoptosis percentage of endometrial cells in hysteromyoma endometrium group in early stage and late stage was increased along with the time and they was significantly higher than that of eutopic endometrium of endometriosis group at the same time point(P0.05 or P0.01).After 72 hours and 96 hours,with the treatment of middle dose of SLW serum,the apoptosis percentage of eutopic endometrial cells of endometriosis in early stage and late stage was 35.67±1.73 and 57.56±1.09 respectively,and the effect of inducing apoptosis was significantly stronger than that of the other time point.After 72 hours,with the combined treatment of middle dose of SLW serum and 5.30 ng/L E2,or after 96 hours,with the combined treatment of middle dose of SLW serum and 6.36 ng/L E2,the apoptosis percentage of eutopic endometrial cells in early stage and late stage was decreased to 11.25±2.00 and 7.72±0.71 respectively,which had significant difference with that of middle dose of SLW serum group(P0.01).The apoptosis of the eutopic endometrial cells of endometriosis was induced by medicated serum of SLW could not be completely counteracted by E2 add-back treatment.Just with the treatment of 5.30 ng/L or 6.36 ng/L E2,the apoptosis percentage of eutopic endometrial cells of endometriosis in early stage and late stage tended to decrease,but there was no statistical significance(P0.05).Anastrozole,a specific aromatase inhibitor,had the contrary action to E2.Conclusion:SLW could decrease the secretion of E2 so as to induce apoptosis of the eutopic endometrial cells of endometriosis.
ObjectiveTo explore the health effect of air pollution frommotor vehicle emission on school pupils after introduction of unleaded gasoline.[Methods]We compared the health status of those children in the areas seriously or lightly polluted by vehicle eˉmission.Among them about139children were from area seriously polluted,60were male and79were female,while170children were fromarea lightly polluted,79were male and91were female.[Results]The results demonstrated that there was higher rate of respiratory symptoms in seriously polluted area than that in lightly polluted area,also significant association between vehicle emission exposure and the rate of respiratory symptoms was found.The air pollutans from vehicle also had some harmful effect on the children's body growth,especially on the children's vital volume and chest circumference.The blood lead concentration(BLC)showed that the children's BLC in seriously polluted area was higher than that in lightly polluted area,but average BLC was at a lowlevel,they were0.298μmol/L and0.252μmol/L in seicously and lightly polluted areas,respectively.[Conclusion] The introduction of unleaded gasoline has some positive effect in lowering children's BLC in Shanghai,but the unleaded gasoline is not a non-harmful,there is a long way ahead in control for air pollution from vehicle emission.
Abstract PEGylation is an effective way to improve the pharmacokinetic profiles of pharmaceutical proteins or peptides. But the relatively large and long PEG chains would be likely to shelter the active site of a small peptide because of its small size, compared with a protein. Therefore, the positions and numbers of PEGylation are crucial for the bioactivity of a PEGylated peptide. To elucidate the relationship between the PEGylated positions and bioactivity of a peptide drug, site‐specific PEGylations were performed on Zadaxin (Thymosin α 1, T α 1), which is a pharmaceutical peptide with an α ‐helix region, a β ‐turn region, and random coils. Site‐specific mono‐PEGylations of T α 1 in different conformational regions were realized through introducing one cysteine residue into the desired positions of the peptide, followed by a coupling reaction with a thiol‐attached maleimide‐PEG reagent. Primary data from IFN‐ γ production of splenocytes induced by Con A showed that the influence of PEGylation on Zadaxin was position‐dependent, and mostly, positive effects were observed after PEGylation, which indicated that the position of PEGylation is important for maintaining the bioactivity of a peptide.
Triterpene saponins are a major group of active components in natural products with nonspecific antiviral activities, while T20 peptide (enfuvirtide), which contains a helix zone-binding domain (HBD), is a gp41-specific HIV-1 fusion inhibitor. In this paper, we report the design, synthesis, and structure–activity relationship (SAR) of a group of hybrid molecules in which bioactive triterpene sapogenins were covalently attached to the HBD-containing peptides via click chemistry. We found that either the triterpenes or peptide part alone showed weak activity against HIV-1 Env-mediated cell–cell fusion, while the hybrids generated a strong cooperative effect. Among them, P26–BApc exhibited anti-HIV-1 activity against both T20-sensitive and -resistant HIV-1 strains and improved pharmacokinetic properties. These results suggest that this scaffold design is a promising strategy for developing new HIV-1 fusion inhibitors and possibly novel antiviral therapeutics against other viruses with class I fusion proteins.
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