Objective To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy on pulmonary embolism. Methods A retrospective study about 140 patients were investigated by the onset with disease to the diagnosis. Results The diagnositic time is 25.8±35.5 days in 140 patients and only 19 patients (13.6%)was diagnosed within 24 hours.128 outpatients was diagnosed in 28.0±36.4days,only 10 patients(7.8%) was diagnosed within 24 hours.And 32 patients(25%) was mis-diagnosed. 12 inpatients was diagnosed in 2.5±3days,and 9 patients(75%) was diagnosed within 24 hours.There is a significant difference between outpatients and inpatients.Conclusions A longer time and a lower efficacy on diagnosing pulmonary embolism in outpatients was found.and we should reinforce education to primary hospital doctors to improve diagnostic efficacy on pulmonary embolism.
Objective Increasing evidence suggests that impaired cartilage is a substantial risk factor for the progression from hyperuricaemia to gout. Since the relationship between cartilage matrix protein and gout flares remains unclear, we investigated its role in monosodium urate (MSU) crystallisation and following inflammation. Methods Briefly, we screened for cartilage matrix in synovial fluid from gouty arthritis patients with cartilage injuries. After identifying a correlation between crystals and matrix molecules, we conducted image analysis and classification of crystal phenotypes according to their morphology. We then evaluated the differences between the cartilage matrix protein-MSU complex and the pure MSU crystal in their interaction with immune cells and identified the related signalling pathway. Results Type II collagen (CII) was found to be enriched around MSU crystals in synovial fluid after cartilage injury. Imaging analysis revealed that CII regulated the morphology of single crystals and the alignment of crystal bows in the co-crystalline system, leading to greater phagocytosis and oxidative stress in macrophages. Furthermore, CII upregulated MSU-induced chemokine and proinflammatory cytokine expression in macrophages, thereby promoting the recruitment of leucocytes. Mechanistically, CII enhanced MSU-mediated inflammation by activating the integrin β1(ITGB1)-dependent TLR2/4-NF-κB signal pathway. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that the release of CII and protein-crystal adsorption modifies the crystal profile and promotes the early immune response in MSU-mediated inflammation. These findings open up a new path for understanding the relationship between cartilage injuries and the early immune response in gout flares.
Abstract Background Chemerin has been implicated to play opposing roles, either pro‐inflammatory or anti‐inflammatory, in various tissue inflammation processes primarily through the regulation of tissue recruitment of immune cells. However, the effect of chemerin in allergic asthma has not yet been explored. We sought to investigate the role of chemerin in the murine model of allergic asthma and explore the underlying mechanism. Methods We examined the effect of intranasal (i.n.) administration of chemerin during antigen challenge in murine models of asthma. Moreover, we examined whether administration of CCL 2 or bone marrow‐derived dendritic cells ( BMDC s) transfer reversed the effects of chemerin on ovalbumin‐induced asthma. We finally examined the effect of chemerin on CCL 2 expression in activated lung epithelial cells in vitro . Results The administration of chemerin attenuated allergic airway inflammation and airway hyperreactivity during antigen challenge. Chemerin treatment caused significant decreases in BALF CD4 + T‐cell accumulation and mRNA expression of Th2‐attracting chemokines, CCL17 and CCL22, which was accompanied by significantly decreased BALF CD11c + CD11b + inflammatory DC accumulation and CCL2 production. Furthermore, airway administration of exogenous CCL2 or adoptive transfer of CD11c + CD11b + BMDCs abrogated the suppressive effects of chemerin on allergic asthma. Finally, in vitro study showed that chemerin inhibited CCL2 secretion by low‐dose LPS‐stimulated lung epithelial cells, which led to decreased chemotaxis of BMDCs. Conclusions Our study demonstrates that chemerin plays a protective role in allergic asthma by suppressing airway recruitment of inflammatory CD 11c + CD 11b + DC s through the inhibition of CCL 2 secretion by active lung epithelial cells.
The present study aimed to review the use of hypoglycemic drugs and clinicopathological data in breast cancer patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to investigate the effect of metformin on the clinicopathological features of breast cancer in patient with T2DM.Eighty-nine patients with breast cancer hospitalized in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2012 to December 2014 were included. Thirty-three patients were on metformin (metformin group) and 56 patients were on control group. Streptavidin-peroxidase (SP) method was used to quantify protein expression of molecular markers (estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2)), molecular markers of proliferation (Ki-67 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) molecular markers (matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), E-cadherin and downstream N-cadherin). Fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to detect HER-2 (+ and ++).The rate of lymph node metastasis and the level of Ki-67/MMP-2 in the metformin group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The ratio of luminal pattern in metformin group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). However, there were no differences in the parameters of age, duration of diabetes, body mass index, tumor size, histological grade of cancer and clinical pathological features between the two groups. No significant difference was observed in the expressions of ER, PR, HER-2, EGFR, E-cadherin, N-cadherin and the recurrence rate between two groups.Metformin is associated with luminal breast cancer and can inhibit breast cancer invasion and metastasis in some cases. It may be associated with EMT and is beneficial to the prognosis of breast cancer.
In this letter, a novel robust adaptive beamformer is proposed with magnitude response constraints and conjugate symmetric constraint. With the constraints on magnitude response, we can flexibly control the robust response region with specified beamwidth and response ripple. However, due to the non-convex lower bound magnitude response constraint, conventional convex optimization techniques cannot be applied directly. To overcome this, we exploit the symmetric structure of the array weights to transform the non-convex constraint into a convex one without any relaxation or approximation. In order to obtain a more robust beamformer against all kinds of array imperfections, we further extend the proposed approach to deal with the optimization of worst-case performance.
Abstract Background Dengue virus (DENV) infection is increasingly common in southern China and can be transmitted through blood transfusion but is not currently part of donor screening throughout the region. We assessed DENV prevalence among donors at the Xishuangbanna Blood Center, Yunnan, to support development of DENV screening strategies. Methods Blood samples were collected randomly between June 2019 and August 2019. These were screened for anti-DENV IgG and IgM using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Then, all reactive samples and some randomly-chosen non-reactive samples were used to detect DENV RNAs using real-time polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) assays. After RT-PCR, samples were further tested for soluble nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) using the colloidal gold method. Donors demographics were also collected and assessed. Results Over the study period, 2254 donor samples were collected and tested for anti-DENV IgG and IgM by ELISA. This revealed 598 anti-DENV IgG and/or IgM reactive samples, a serological prevalence of 26.53%. Of these, 26 were RT-PCR positive and/or NS1 positive. Significant differences in DENV prevalence were noted by occupation ( P = 0.001 ), education ( P < 0.001 ), and ethnicity ( P = 0.026 ). Conclusion The prevalence of DENV in Xishuangbanna Blood Center was higher than most other blood centers that have implemented DENV donor screening. Our study provides first-hand data about the prevalence of DENV and allows the development of a screening strategy for clinical use.
'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(23.036 .093 25.536)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(45.87 1.273 16.18)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(69.945 .996 12.078)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(20.66 -19.689 31.932)'/%3e%3c/svg%3e)
