Lin‐Chih Yu

Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica

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Ku‐Ting Chen

Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica

Tuan‐Hua David Ho

National Chung Hsing University

Shuen‐Fang Lo

National Chung Hsing University

Su‐May Yu

Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica

Yue‐Ie Hsing

Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica

Liang‐Jwu Chen

Jiangsu Province Hospital

Lee Mh

Chosun University

Mirng‐Jier Jiang

Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica

Yilun Liu

City of Hope

Hitoshi Sakakibara

RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science

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Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica

National Chung Hsing University

Academia Sinica

National Taiwan University

National Taipei University

National Defense Medical Center

Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica

National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University

Asia University

RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science

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A newly evolved rice‐specific gene JAUP1 regulates jasmonate biosynthesis and signalling to promote root development and multi‐stress tolerance

Plant Biotechnology Journal (2024)

Adnan Muzaffar Yi‐Shih Chen Hsiang‐Ting Lee Cheng‐Chieh Wu Trang Thi Le

Summary Root architecture and function are critical for plants to secure water and nutrient supply from the soil, but environmental stresses alter root development. The phytohormone jasmonic acid (JA) regulates plant growth and responses to wounding and other stresses, but its role in root development for adaptation to environmental challenges had not been well investigated. We discovered a novel JA Upregulated Protein 1 gene ( JAUP1 ) that has recently evolved in rice and is specific to modern rice accessions. JAUP1 regulates a self‐perpetuating feed‐forward loop to activate the expression of genes involved in JA biosynthesis and signalling that confers tolerance to abiotic stresses and regulates auxin‐dependent root development. Ectopic expression of JAUP1 alleviates abscisic acid‐ and salt‐mediated suppression of lateral root (LR) growth. JAUP1 is primarily expressed in the root cap and epidermal cells (EPCs) that protect the meristematic stem cells and emerging LRs. Wound‐activated JA/JAUP1 signalling promotes crosstalk between the root cap of LR and parental root EPCs, as well as induces cell wall remodelling in EPCs overlaying the emerging LR, thereby facilitating LR emergence even under ABA‐suppressive conditions. Elevated expression of JAUP1 in transgenic rice or natural rice accessions enhances abiotic stress tolerance and reduces grain yield loss under a limited water supply. We reveal a hitherto unappreciated role for wound‐induced JA in LR development under abiotic stress and suggest that JAUP1 can be used in biotechnology and as a molecular marker for breeding rice adapted to extreme environmental challenges and for the conservation of water resources.

Jasmonic acid

Lateral root

Genetically modified rice

Crosstalk

Taproot

Ectopic expression

Methyl jasmonate

10.1111/pbi.14276

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Ectopic expression of specific GA2 oxidase mutants promotes yield and stress tolerance in rice

Plant Biotechnology Journal (2016)

Shuen‐Fang Lo Tuan‐Hua David Ho Yilun Liu Mirng‐Jier Jiang Kun‐Ting Hsieh

A major challenge of modern agricultural biotechnology is the optimization of plant architecture for enhanced productivity, stress tolerance and water use efficiency (WUE). To optimize plant height and tillering that directly link to grain yield in cereals and are known to be tightly regulated by gibberellins (GAs), we attenuated the endogenous levels of GAs in rice via its degradation. GA 2-oxidase (GA2ox) is a key enzyme that inactivates endogenous GAs and their precursors. We identified three conserved domains in a unique class of C20 GA2ox, GA2ox6, which is known to regulate the architecture and function of rice plants. We mutated nine specific amino acids in these conserved domains and observed a gradient of effects on plant height. Ectopic expression of some of these GA2ox6 mutants moderately lowered GA levels and reprogrammed transcriptional networks, leading to reduced plant height, more productive tillers, expanded root system, higher WUE and photosynthesis rate, and elevated abiotic and biotic stress tolerance in transgenic rice. Combinations of these beneficial traits conferred not only drought and disease tolerance but also increased grain yield by 10-30% in field trials. Our studies hold the promise of manipulating GA levels to substantially improve plant architecture, stress tolerance and grain yield in rice and possibly in other major crops.

Ectopic expression

Expression (computer science)

10.1111/pbi.12681

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Genetic resources offer efficient tools for rice functional genomics research

Plant Cell & Environment (2015)

Shuen‐Fang Lo Ming‐Jen Fan Yue‐Ie Hsing Liang‐Jwu Chen Shu Chen

Rice is an important crop and major model plant for monocot functional genomics studies. With the establishment of various genetic resources for rice genomics, the next challenge is to systematically assign functions to predicted genes in the rice genome. Compared with the robustness of genome sequencing and bioinformatics techniques, progress in understanding the function of rice genes has lagged, hampering the utilization of rice genes for cereal crop improvement. The use of transfer DNA (T-DNA) insertional mutagenesis offers the advantage of uniform distribution throughout the rice genome, but preferentially in gene-rich regions, resulting in direct gene knockout or activation of genes within 20-30 kb up- and downstream of the T-DNA insertion site and high gene tagging efficiency. Here, we summarize the recent progress in functional genomics using the T-DNA-tagged rice mutant population. We also discuss important features of T-DNA activation- and knockout-tagging and promoter-trapping of the rice genome in relation to mutant and candidate gene characterizations and how to more efficiently utilize rice mutant populations and datasets for high-throughput functional genomics and phenomics studies by forward and reverse genetics approaches. These studies may facilitate the translation of rice functional genomics research to improvements of rice and other cereal crops.

Phenomics

Functional Genomics

Genetic Resources

10.1111/pce.12632

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Citations (52)