C. Scheuerlein

European Organization for Nuclear Research

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Co-Authors

L. Bottura

European Organization for Nuclear Research

A. Ballarino

European Organization for Nuclear Research

Marco Di Michiel

European Synchrotron Radiation Facility

Friedrich Lackner

European Organization for Nuclear Research

B. Bordini

European Organization for Nuclear Research

F. Savary

European Organization for Nuclear Research

R. Flükiger

University of Geneva

L. Oberli

European Organization for Nuclear Research

M. Taborelli

European Organization for Nuclear Research

Jean-Philippe Tock

European Organization for Nuclear Research

Cooperative Institutions

European Organization for Nuclear Research

1,168

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

251

A. Alikhanyan National Laboratory

219

University of Adelaide

215

Institute of High Energy Physics

157

Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory

155

Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare

152

Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules

141

Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives

110

Université Paris-Saclay

107

Author Statistics

Papers

Citation

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Radioactivity of $\hbox{Nb}_{3}\hbox{Sn/Cu}$ Wires After Proton Irradiation

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity (2013)

T. Otto C. Scheuerlein R. Catherall M. Gläser O. Militaru

Superconducting magnets based on Nb ₃ Sn technology are being developed for the LHC high luminosity upgrade. In this context, irradiation induced changes of the superconducting properties of state-of-the-art Ti and Ta doped Nb ₃ Sn wires are presently studied. During irradiation tests with protons of 65 MeV at the cyclotron of Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), 1.4 GeV at the CERN ISOLDE facility, and 24 GeV at the CERN IRRAD1 facility, the superconductor samples become radioactive and their handling must follow the legal specifications for radioactive materials. We have estimated the activation and the resulting ambient dose equivalent rate up to a fluence of 10 ¹⁷ p/cm ² with the Monte-Carlo Code FLUKA. The estimates were verified with experimental activation spectra. Samples for magnetization measurements with a mass of approximately 20 mg have to be considered as radioactive, but they do not have the potential to harm the operators handling them at radiation levels below 1 μSv/h. Larger samples (longer wires and sample holder materials like Cu and TiAl ₆ V ₄ ) show correspondingly higher ambient dose equivalent rates and activation levels and they must be handled by radiation workers in designated areas, taking into account the standard precautions for work with radioactive materials. The use of radiation shielding during handling is recommended.

10.1109/tasc.2012.2233263

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Citations (3)

Consolidation of the LHC Superconducting Magnets and Circuits

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity (2016)

J. Ph. Tock S. Atieh D Bodart F. Bordry Nicolas Bourcey

The first Large Hadron Collider (LHC) Long Shutdown (LS1) started in February 2013. It was triggered by the need to consolidate the 13-kA splices between the superconducting magnets to allow the LHC to reach safely its design energy of 14 TeV center of mass. The Superconducting Magnets and Circuits Consolidation (SMACC) project has principally covered the consolidation of the 10170 13-kA splices but also other activities linked to the superconducting magnets such as the exchange of 18 main cryomagnets, the installation of the additional safety relief devices, the repair of known helium leaks, and other consolidation activities. All these works have been structured in a project, gathering about 280 persons. The opening of the interconnections started in April 2013 and consolidation works were completed by September 2014. This paper first describes the preparation phase with the building of the teams and the detailed planning of the operations. Then, this paper carried out is summarized, and the main results achieved are presented. Finally, it gives feedback from the worksite, namely lessons learnt and adaptations that were implemented, both from the technical and organizational points of view.

Consolidation

10.1109/tasc.2016.2528406

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Citations (7)

HE-LHC: The High-Energy Large Hadron Collider

The European Physical Journal Special Topics (2019)

A. Abada M. Abbrescia Shehu AbdusSalam I. M. Abdyukhanov J. Abelleira Fernandez

In response to the 2013 Update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics (EPPSU), the Future Circular Collider (FCC) study was launched as a world-wide international collaboration hosted by CERN. The FCC study covered an energy-frontier hadron collider (FCC-hh), a highest-luminosity high-energy lepton collider (FCC-ee), the corresponding 100 km tunnel infrastructure, as well as the physics opportunities of these two colliders, and a high-energy LHC, based on FCC-hh technology. This document constitutes the third volume of the FCC Conceptual Design Report, devoted to the hadron collider FCC-hh. It summarizes the FCC-hh physics discovery opportunities, presents the FCC-hh accelerator design, performance reach, and staged operation plan, discusses the underlying technologies, the civil engineering and technical infrastructure, and also sketches a possible implementation. Combining ingredients from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the high-luminosity LHC upgrade and adding novel technologies and approaches, the FCC-hh design aims at significantly extending the energy frontier to 100 TeV. Its unprecedented centre-of-mass collision energy will make the FCC-hh a unique instrument to explore physics beyond the Standard Model, offering great direct sensitivity to new physics and discoveries.

Upgrade

10.1140/epjst/e2019-900088-6

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Citations (167)

Overview and status of the Next European Dipole Joint Research Activity

Superconductor Science and Technology (2006)

A. Devred Bertrand Baudouy D.E. Baynham T. Boutboul Simon Canfer

The Next European Dipole (NED) Joint Research Activity was launched on 1 January 2004 to promote the development of high-performance Nb3Sn conductors in collaboration with European industry (aiming at a non-copper critical current density of 1500 A mm−2 at 4.2 K and 15 T) and to assess the suitability of Nb3Sn technology to the next generation of accelerator magnets (aiming at an aperture of 88 mm and a conductor peak field of ∼15 T). It is part of the Coordinated Accelerator Research in Europe (CARE) project, which involves eight collaborators, and is half-funded by the European Union. After briefly recalling the Activity organization, we report the main progress achieved over the last year, which includes: the manufacturing of a double-bath He II cryostat for heat transfer measurements through Nb3Sn conductor insulation, detailed quench computations for various NED-like magnet configurations, the award of two industrial subcontracts for Nb3Sn conductor development, the first results of a cross-calibration programme of test facilities for Nb3Sn wire characterization, detailed investigations of the mechanical properties of heavily cold-drawn Cu/Nb/Sn composite wires, and the preliminary assessment of a new insulation system based on polyimide-sized glass fibre tapes. Last, we briefly review the efforts of an ongoing Working Group on magnet design and optimization.

Cryostat

Dipole magnet

10.1088/0953-2048/19/3/010

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Citations (53)

Fabrication of the 7.3-m-Long Coils for the Prototype of MQXFB, the Nb3Sn Low-b Quadrupole Magnet for the HiLumi LHC

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity (2018)

Friedrich Lackner C. Scheuerlein T. Sahner M. A. J. Michels Michela Semeraro

The high-luminosity LHC upgrade target is to increase the integrated luminosity by a factor of 10, resulting in an integrated luminosity of 3000 fb ^-1 . One major improvement foreseen is the reduction of the beam size at the collision points. This requires the development of 150-mm single aperture quadrupoles for the interaction regions. These quadrupoles are under development in a joint collaboration between CERN and the US-LHC Accelerator Research Program. The chosen approach for achieving a nominal quadrupole field gradient of 132.6 T/m is based on the Nb ₃ Sn technology. The coils with a length of 7281 mm will be the longest Nb ₃ Sn coils fabricated so far for accelerator magnets. The production of the long coils was launched in 2016 based on practice coils made from copper. This paper provides a status of the production of the first low grade and full performance coils and describes the production process and applied quality control. Furthermore, an outlook for the prototype assembly is provided.

Niobium-tin

Upgrade

Quadrupole magnet

10.1109/tasc.2018.2792466

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Citations (4)

CSD 1790768: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

The Cambridge Structural Database (2017)

Sebastian Martin Alexander Walnsch Gert Nolze A. Leineweber Floriane Léaux

10.25505/fiz.icsd.cc1y3fq6

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Citations (0)

Effect of the fabrication route on the phase and volume changes during the reaction heat treatment of Nb₃Sn superconducting wires

Superconductor Science and Technology (2019)

C. Scheuerlein J. Andrieux M. A. J. Michels Friedrich Lackner Christian F. Meyer

Abstract Accelerator magnets that can reach magnetic fields well beyond the Nb-Ti performance limits are presently being built and developed, using Nb 3 Sn superconductors. This technology requires reaction heat treatment (RHT) of the magnet coils, during which Nb 3 Sn is formed from its ductile precursor materials (a “wind and react” approach). The Nb 3 Sn microstructure and microchemistry are strongly influenced by the conductor fabrication route, and by the phase changes during RHT. By combining in situ differential scanning calorimetry, high energy synchrotron x-ray diffraction, and micro-tomography experiments, we have acquired a unique data set that describes in great detail the phase and microstructure changes that take place during the processing of restacked rod process (RRP), powder-in-tube (PIT), and internal tin (IT) Nb 3 Sn wires. At temperatures below 450 °C the phase evolutions in the three wire types are similar, with respectively solid state interdiffusion of Cu and Sn, Cu 6 Sn 5 formation, and Cu 6 Sn 5 peritectic transformation. Distinct differences in phase evolutions in the wires are found when temperatures exceed 450 °C. The volume changes of the conductor during RHT are a difficulty in the production of Nb 3 Sn accelerator magnets. We compare the wire diameter changes measured in situ by dilatometry with the phase and void volume evolution of the three types of Nb 3 Sn wire. Unlike the Nb 3 Sn wire length changes, the wire diameter evolution is characteristic for each Nb 3 Sn wire type. The strongest volume increase, of about 5%, is observed in the RRP wire, where the main diameter increase occurs above 600 °C upon Nb 3 Sn formation.

Overheating (electricity)

10.1088/1361-6668/ab627c

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Citations (9)

CONSOLIDATION OF THE LHC SUPERCONDUCTING CIRCUITS: A MAJOR STEP TOWARDS 14 TeV COLLISIONS

Conf. Proc. (2012)

F. Bertinelli F. Bordry P. Fessia R. Ostojić A. Perin

Following the incident in one of the main dipole circuits of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in September 2008, a detailed analysis of all magnet circuits has been performed by a dedicated task force. This analysis has revealed critical issues in the design of the 13 kA splices between the superconducting dipole and quadrupole magnets. These splices have to be consolidated before increasing the beam energy above 4 TeV and operating the LHC at 6.5-7 TeV per beam. The design of the consolidated 13 kA splices is complete and has been reviewed by an international committee of experts. Also, all other types of superconducting circuits have been thoroughly screened for potential safety issues and several important recommendations were established. They were critically assessed and the resulting actions are presented. In addition to the work on the 13 kA splices, other interventions will be performed during the first long shut-down of the LHC to consolidate globally all superconducting circuits. The associated quality control has been defined. Schedule constraints, repair production rate, available space and resources are presented as well.

Superconducting Super Collider

Source

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Citations (13)

Thickness Measurement of Sn-Ag Hot Dip Coatings on Large Hadron Collider Superconducting Strands by Coulometry

Journal of The Electrochemical Society (2004)

C. Scheuerlein G. Arnau Izquierdo N. Charras L. Oberli M. Taborelli

Amperostatic coulometry was applied for the thickness measurement of Sn-Ag hot dip coatings, which comprise an extended Sn-Cu interdiffusion layer. Complementary measurements, notably weight loss, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and dynamic secondary ion mass spectroscopy were performed in order to obtain a better interpretation of the coulometry results. Based on the experimental results presented in this article, the three potential changes observed during coulometry measurements are ascribed to (i) the entire dissolution of pure Sn, the formation of a CuCl salt layer, and the surface passivation. The measurement of the pure Sn mass is well reproducible despite strong coating thickness variations detected by XRF. Several experimental problems, in particular, a coating undercutting, hamper the determination of the Sn mass in the intermetallic Sn-Cu layer. © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.

Coulometry

Passivation

10.1149/1.1715094

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Citations (9)

In situ neutron diffraction under tensile loading of powder-in-tube Cu∕Nb3Sn composite wires: Effect of reaction heat treatment on texture, internal stress state, and load transfer

Applied Physics Letters (2007)

C. Scheuerlein U. Stuhr L. Thilly

The strain induced degradation of Nb3Sn superconductors can hamper the performance of high field magnets. The authors report elastic strain measurements in the different phases of entire non-heat treated and fully reacted Nb3Sn composite strands as a function of uniaxial stress during in situ deformation under neutron beam. After the reaction heat treatment the Cu matrix loses entirely its load carrying capability and the applied stress is transferred to the remaining Nb–Ta alloy and to the brittle (Nb–Ta)3Sn phase, which exhibits a preferential ⟨110⟩ grain orientation parallel to the strand axis.

Texture (cosmology)

Brittleness

10.1063/1.2766685

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Citations (24)