Kaoru Nashiro

University of Southern California

Author Statistics

Papers

Citation

H-Index

i-10 index

Research Trends

Author Order

Document Type

Co-Authors

Mara Mather

University of Southern California

Jungwon Min

University of Southern California

Hyun Joo Yoo

University of Southern California

Julian F. Thayer

University of California, Irvine

Shelby L. Bachman

University of Southern California

Paul M. Lehrer

Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey

Padideh Nasseri

University of Southern California

Christine Cho

University of Southern California

Michiko Sakaki

Kochi University of Technology

Catie Chang

Vanderbilt University

Cooperative Institutions

University of Southern California

Southern California University for Professional Studies

University of California, Irvine

University of California, Los Angeles

University of California, San Francisco

The University of Texas at Dallas

Children's Hospital of Los Angeles

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

University of California, San Diego

Keck Hospital of USC

Author Statistics

Papers

Citation

H-Index

i-10 index

Research Field

Front & Back Matter

Gerontology (2012)

Marko Bodnar Monika Skalicky Andrus Viidik Reinhold G. Erben Georg Wick

10.1159/000337321

Cite

Citations (0)

Associations between locus coeruleus MRI contrast and physiological responses to acute stress in younger and older adults

Brain Research (2022)

Shelby L. Bachman Kaoru Nashiro Hyunjoo Yoo Diana Wang Julian F. Thayer

Locus coeruleus

10.1016/j.brainres.2022.148070

Cite

Citations (8)

Correction to: Sex Differences in Neural Correlates of Emotion Regulation in Relation to Resting Heart Rate Variability

Brain Topography (2024)

Jungwon Min Julian Koenig Kaoru Nashiro Hyun Joo Yoo Christine Cho

In this article, the sentence beginning with "There was a significant main effect" in "Results" section under the heading "Self-Rated Emotional Intensity and HRV" has "a", but it should be "no".Incorrect Sentence: There was a significant main effect of sex, F(1, 98) = 0.78, p = 0.38, Δη 2 = 0.01 (M = 2.49 and SE = 0.06 for males; M = 2.42 and SE = 0.06 for females).

Resting Heart Rate

Section (typography)

10.1007/s10548-024-01069-9

Cite

Citations (1)

PLAYING FOR KEEPS: EFFECTS OF VIDEO GAME TRAINING ON NEURAL AND COGNITIVE PLASTICITY IN OLDER ADULTS

Innovation in Aging (2017)

Chandramallika Basak Kaoru Nashiro Margaret A. O’Connell Shibo Qin

A major goal in aging research has been to examine ways to counteract age-related cognitive decline. The present study investigated whether 20-hour Real-time Strategy video game training (RTS), compared to active controls, could differentially improve cognition in older adults, both immediately and long-after training. Fifty-one healthy older adults (nRTS=24, nControl=27) were evaluated at before and after the training on an fMRI task-switching paradigm and on a comprehensive battery of cognitive tasks, with multiple tasks representing each cognitive construct. The RTS group improved significantly on episodic memory and working memory immediately after the training, compared to the controls. Changes in frontal activation in the task-switching paradigm in the RTS group were greater than the controls. Moreover, individual differences in game playing strategy (combat vs. wonders approaches) interacted with improvements in cognitive control. Our results suggest that RTS game playing can potentially improve executive control and working memory.

Cognitive Training

Video game

Task Switching

Cognitive Decline

10.1093/geroni/igx004.5022

Cite

Citations (0)

Differential Brain Activity during Emotional versus Nonemotional Reversal Learning

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (2012)

Kaoru Nashiro Michiko Sakaki Lin Nga Mara Mather

Abstract The ability to change an established stimulus–behavior association based on feedback is critical for adaptive social behaviors. This ability has been examined in reversal learning tasks, where participants first learn a stimulus–response association (e.g., select a particular object to get a reward) and then need to alter their response when reinforcement contingencies change. Although substantial evidence demonstrates that the OFC is a critical region for reversal learning, previous studies have not distinguished reversal learning for emotional associations from neutral associations. The current study examined whether OFC plays similar roles in emotional versus neutral reversal learning. The OFC showed greater activity during reversals of stimulus–outcome associations for negative outcomes than for neutral outcomes. Similar OFC activity was also observed during reversals involving positive outcomes. Furthermore, OFC activity is more inversely correlated with amygdala activity during negative reversals than during neutral reversals. Overall, our results indicate that the OFC is more activated by emotional than neutral reversal learning and that OFC's interactions with the amygdala are greater for negative than neutral reversal learning.

Stimulus (psychology)

Association (psychology)

10.1162/jocn_a_00245

Cite

Citations (17)

Emotion Down- and Up-Regulation Act on Spatially Distinct Brain Areas: Interoceptive Regions to Calm Down and Other Affective Regions to Amp Up

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (2021)

Jungwon Min Kaoru Nashiro Hyun Joo Yoo Christine Cho Padideh Nasseri

Abstract Prior studies on emotion regulation identified a set of brain regions specialized for generating and controlling affect. Researchers generally agree that when up- and down-regulating emotion, control regions in the prefrontal cortex turn up or down activity in affect-generating areas. However, the assumption that turning up and down emotions produces opposite effects in the same affect-generating regions is untested. We call this assumption the ‘affective dial hypothesis.’ Our study tested this hypothesis by examining the overlap between the sets of regions activated during up-regulation and those deactivated during down-regulation in a large number of participants (N=105). We found that up- and down-regulation both recruit regulatory regions such as the inferior frontal gyrus and dorsal anterior cingulate gyrus but act on distinct affect-generating regions. While up-regulation increases BOLD signal in regions associated with emotion such as the amygdala, anterior insula, striatum and anterior cingulate gyrus as well as in regions associated with sympathetic vascular activity such as periventricular white matter, down-regulation decreases signal in regions receiving interoceptive input such as the posterior insula and postcentral gyrus. These findings indicate that up- and down-regulation do not generally exert opposing effects on the same affect-generating regions. Instead, they target different brain circuits. Significance Statement Many contexts require modulating one’s own emotions. Identifying the brain areas implementing these regulatory processes should advance understanding emotional disorders and designing potential interventions. The emotion regulation field has an implicit assumption we call the affective dial hypothesis: that both emotion up- and down-regulation modulate the same emotion-generating brain areas. Countering the hypothesis, our findings indicate that up- and down-modulating emotions target different brain areas. Thus, the mechanisms underlying emotion regulation differ more than previously appreciated for up- versus down-regulation. In addition to their theoretical importance, these findings are critical for researchers attempting to target activity in particular brain regions during an emotion regulation intervention.

Affect

Inferior frontal gyrus

10.1101/2021.09.20.461138

Cite

Citations (2)

Differential brain activity during emotional vs. non-emotional reversal learning.Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 24, 1794-1805.

Kaoru Nashiro Michiko Sakaki Lin Nga Mara Mather

Source

Cite

Citations (0)

Multimodal neuroimaging data from a 5-week heart rate variability biofeedback randomized clinical trial

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (2022)

Hyun Joo Yoo Kaoru Nashiro Jungwon Min Christine Cho Noah Mercer

Abstract We present data from the Heart Rate Variability and Emotion Regulation (HRV-ER) randomized clinical trial testing effects of HRV biofeedback. Younger (N = 121, ages 18-31, 61 female) and older (N = 72, ages 55-80, 45 female) participants completed baseline magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including T 1 -weighted, functional MRI (fMRI), pulsed continuous arterial spin labeling (PCASL), and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H MRS). They also completed an emotion regulation task during fMRI. During fMRI scans, physiological measures (blood pressure, pulse, respiration, and end-tidal CO 2 ) were continuously acquired. Participants were randomized to either increase heart rate oscillations or decrease heart rate oscillations during daily sessions. After 5 weeks of HRV biofeedback, they repeated the baseline measurements in addition to a few new measures (ultimatum game fMRI, training mimicking during blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) and PCASL fMRI). Participants also wore a wristband sensor to estimate sleep time. Psychological assessment comprised three cognitive tests as well as ten questionnaires related to emotional well-being. Data is publicly available via the OpenNeuro data sharing platform.

Biofeedback

Blood-oxygen-level dependent

10.1101/2022.12.28.22283798

Cite

Citations (2)

Associations between locus coeruleus MRI contrast and physiological responses to acute stress in younger and older adults

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (2022)

Shelby L. Bachman Kaoru Nashiro Hyunjoo Yoo Diana Wang Julian F. Thayer

Abstract Acute stress activates the brain’s locus coeruleus (LC)-noradrenaline system. Recent studies indicate that a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based measure of LC structure is associated with better cognitive outcomes in later life. Yet despite the LC’s documented role in promoting physiological arousal during acute stress, no studies have examined whether MRI-assessed LC structure is related to arousal responses to acute stress. In this study, 102 younger and 51 older adults completed an acute stress induction task while we assessed multiple measures of physiological arousal (heart rate, breathing rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, sympathetic tone, and heart rate variability, HRV). We used turbo spin echo MRI scans to quantify LC MRI contrast as a measure of LC structure. We applied univariate and multivariate approaches to assess how LC MRI contrast was associated with arousal at rest and during acute stress reactivity and recovery. In older participants, having higher caudal LC MRI contrast was associated with greater stress-related increases in systolic blood pressure and decreases in HRV, as well as lower HRV during recovery from acute stress. These results suggest that having higher caudal LC MRI contrast in older adulthood is associated with more pronounced physiological responses to acute stress. Further work is needed to confirm these patterns in larger samples of older adults.

Locus coeruleus

10.1101/2022.03.12.484104

Cite

Citations (0)

Effects of a Randomised Trial of 5-Week Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback Intervention on Cognitive Function: Possible Benefits for Inhibitory Control

Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback (2022)

Kaoru Nashiro Hyun Joo Yoo Christine Cho Jungwon Min Tiantian Feng

Biofeedback

Health psychology

10.1007/s10484-022-09558-y

Cite

Citations (14)