Nicola Stefano Galgano

Universidade de São Paulo

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Rose Cherubin

George Mason University

Fernando Santoro

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro

Massimo Pulpito

Universidade de Brasília

Stefania Giombini

Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Flavia Marcacci

University of Urbino

Cooperative Institutions

George Mason University

Pontifical Lateran University

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro

Instituto de Filosofía

Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

University of Girona

Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta

Milano University Press

Mylan (Switzerland)

Universidade de Brasília

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Parmenides psychologist: Part two: DK 6 and 7

Revista Archai (2017)

Nicola Stefano Galgano

The aim of this essay is to examine an aspect of Parmenides' poem which is often overlooked: the psychological grounds Parmenides uses to construct his view.While it is widely recognized by scholars that following Parmenides' view requires addressing mental activity, i.e. both the possibility of thinking the truth, as well as thinking along the wrong path that mortals follow, a closer examination of the psychological assumptions involved have, to my knowledge, not yet been attempted.I argue that by identifying and analyzing the psychological vocabulary in his poem, it is revealed that Parmenides was a keen observer of human mental behavior.Through these psychological (perhaps "cognitivist, " following some recent categories) observations of thought processes, Parmenides gains insight into the structure of thought itself.The outcome of this inquiry reveals three notable conclusions: First, the poem contains a remarkably extensive use of strictly psychological vocabulary.Second, the presence of this psychological material and the lack of scholarly attention to it means there is a significant aspect of Parmenides intellectual Galgano, N. (2017)."Parmenides psychologist -Part Two: DK 6 and 7. " p. 39-76 40 nº 20, may-aug.2017legacy that remains unexplored -Parmenides as psychologist, keen observer of human mental behavior.Furthermore, the recognition of this material helps shed important light on Parmenides' philosophical message.Ultimately, I intend to provide an exhaustive treatment of Parmenides' psychological language, which requires close examination of DK B 1, 2, 6, and 7. Due to spatial constraints, I have divided the inquiry into two parts, and will only address DK 1-2 below.

10.14195/1984-249x_20_2

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Xenophanes DK 21 B 18, a Testimony of the Rising Philosophy

Peitho Examina Antiqua (2024)

Nicola Stefano Galgano

Greek seafaring between the 10th and 6th centuries BCE gave rise to a technical culture centered around navigation, commerce, and international cultural exchange. The Greeks were not a unified nation in the modern sense, confined to a territory centralized in Attica or the Peloponnese. Instead, they were a collection of independent city-states (poleis) spread across the Mediterranean, from the Iberian Peninsula to the Black Sea. The intense commercial relationships among these Greek settlements and with other peoples wove a Mediterranean cultural web that fostered a genuine spirit of intercultural exchange, leading to a new cultural synthesis that gave the Greeks – and the world to this day – an extraordinary drive for originality. This technical culture, which Rossetti calls the “cultura dell’attendibilità,” was based on observation, objectivity, and rationality. Without these principles, and relying solely on myth, seafaring could never have flourished. This shift away from myths to a new culture is testified by Xenophanes, who, in DK B 18 (LM D53), contrasts the ancient method of gaining knowledge through communication with the gods with a new method of research that in time yields better results.

10.14746/pea.2024.1.5

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OS LIMITES DA PALAVRA: PARMÊNIDES E O INDIZÍVEL

Revista Ética e Filosofia Política (2016)

Nicola Stefano Galgano

A importância do papel de Parmenides na historia da filosofia foi evidenciada por Hegel, quando chegou a considera-lo o primeiro verdadeiro filosofo. No entanto, o hegelianismo e, com ele, a moderna historia da filosofia acentuaram a descoberta parmenidiana do ser, deixando de lado a complexa nocao de nao-ser. Mas o proprio Parmenides, ao introduzir aquelas nocoes, se dedica mais a explicitacao e a argumentacao do nao-ser, mostrando algumas caracteristicas peculiares que acabam tendo consequencias sobre a estruturacao do discurso cognitivo. Uma destas caracteristicas e a indizibilidade do nao ser, demonstrada por Parmenides indiretamente. Com a afirmacao da indizibilidade, Parmenides estabelece, pela primeira vez na historia do pensamento ocidental, um limite para o uso da linguagem e, portanto, um criterio para o desenvolvimento do discurso epistemico, uma autentica regra metalinguistica. A presente analise procura evidenciar os argumentos de Parmenides a partir do texto do poema, revelando a sutileza da reflexao do eleata, o primeiro a introduzir a problematica da linguagem epistemica na cultura ocidental.

10.34019/2448-2137.2016.17621

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A transgressão de Melisso: o tema do não-ser no eleatismo

Nicola Stefano Galgano

GALGANO, N. S. A transgressao de Melisso: o tema do nao-ser no eleatismo. 2009. 180 f. Dissertacao (Mestrado) – Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciencias Humanas. Departamento de Filosofia, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 2009. Almost all the philosophy historians seem to agree attributing to Parmenides the beginning of the reflection about being. In the Poem, however, we also find a speech about not being. The goddess, voice of Parmenides, says that the way of not being is a non accessible way and furthermore not being cannot be said nor thought as the origin of coming-to-be and passingaway of all things. Melissus seems to convey that precept to its boundaries, for if there is no coming-to-be and no passing-away, the world is infinite, eternal, one and immutable. Furthermore, Melissus denies the entire world of experiences, considering it a mistake of senses. There arises a question: are they speaking about the same? This work aims to set up the notions of not being in Parmenides and Melissus. Once examined that notions, they are confronted to make evident he difference: the notion of not being in Parmenides points towards a contradiction (ontologic notion); the notion of not being in Melissus points towards the null (logic notion). The work reaches the conclusion that Melissus transgresses the precept of the parmenidian goddess, using not being in saying and thinking, for it wasn’t, in his vision, a contradictory concept, but a concept of absence, close to our concept of zero. In order to complement, our inquiry indicates that, in the historical sequence, the concept of not being rejected by subsequent philosophers is more the Melissus concept than Parmenides one. The direction given is obtained in a quickly overflying in Gorgia’s and Plato’s philosophies, with the aim of opening the problematic to next steps of inquiry. Our work confirms also the loneliness of Parmenides, for he was a renovator without followers.

Precept

Contradiction

Mistake

10.11606/d.8.2010.tde-08032010-123212

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Contro la tradizione, con la tradizione

Academia – ein Verlag in der Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft eBooks (2020)

Nicola Stefano Galgano

Wie andere Bände der Schriftenreihe besteht dieses Werk aus zwei Teilen: Der erste Teil enthält die Ausführungen Livio Rossettis an der Eleatica Konferenz 2017, mit dem Ziel zu neuen Perspektiven auf die Eleaten anzuregen. Besonders hervorzuheben ist dabei der innovative Ansatz, Zenons Paradoxien nicht auflösen zu wollen, sondern in ihrem Aufbau und ihrer Wirkung detailliert zu untersuchen. Darüber hinaus fokussiert sich der Band auf den Begriff ‚virtueller Philosophie‘. Als ‚virtuelle Philosophen‘ werden beispielsweise Konfuzius, Thales oder Heraklit bezeichnet, die sich selbst nicht als Philosophen verstanden. Im zweiten Teil kommen nach gewohnter Manier ausgewiesene Experten auf dem Gebiet der Vorsokratiker zu Wort, mit denen Rossetti in diskursiven Dialog tritt, darunter Nestor Cordero, A.P.D. Mourelatos, Jaap Mansfeld, Rose Cherubin und Vincenzo Fano.

10.5771/9783896659279-233

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From Parmenides’ To Mē Eon To Melissus’ To Mēden

ORGANON (2019)

Nicola Stefano Galgano

ORGANON » 2019 » Volume 51 » From Parmenides’ To MÄ Eon To Melissus’ To MÄden A A A

10.4467/00786500.org.19.001.11322

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Amēkhaníē em Parmênides DK B 6.5

Journal of Ancient Philosophy (2016)

Nicola Stefano Galgano

The paper examines closer the notion expressed by the word amēkhaníē in DK 6. 5. In his analysis of problematic of knowledge Parmenides alerts about amekhaníē of mortals, a word generally translated with `lack of resources` or ‘perplexity’, a kind of problem that drives the thinking astray. Scholars point out in many passages of the poem the opposition between imperfect mortals and the eidóta phōta of DK 1. 3, the wise man. However, as much as I know, nobody noticed that, if mortals have a lack of resources, the goddess is teaching exactly how to fix it with a kind of method given through her precepts, which are an authentic mēchané. The paper shows that this is the genuine didactic aim of Parmenides, as he says in 1.28-30, i.e., to point out where is the error of mortals and how the wise man fixes it. Starting from a reinterpretation of 1.29 and following with the analysis of fr. 6, the paper shows that the method of fr. 2 is indeed the mēchané that can do that. Although the word is not present in the poem, it is one of its main topics. It seems (by the extant fragments) Parmenides had no clear word to call his mēchané, a psychological cognitive tool we call today principle of non-contradiction.

Perplexity

Contradiction

Reinterpretation

Opposition (politics)

nobody

Exaggeration

10.11606/issn.1981-9471.v10i2p1-12

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Eleatic Ontology: origin and reception

Anais de filosofia clássica/Anais de Filosofia Clássica (2020)

Rose Cherubin Fernando Santoro Nicola Stefano Galgano Massimo Pulpito

The first volume of the project Eleatic Ontology: Origin and Reception focuses its gaze on ancient philosophy, where the main characteristics of a prospective Eleatic ontology have been forged. In ancient Greek thought, we find the origin of this theoretical perspective, in the work of Parmenides and the other Eleatics, who in their own way testify to a first reception of Parmenideanism. Thereafter, ancient philosophy has repeatedly shown examples of reception of this standpoint, and it was this Nachleben that was, in turn, the origin of the notion of Eleatic ontology in the following centuries.

Reception theory

10.47661/afcl.v14i27.40619

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Parmenide e la costruzione del linguaggio epistemico. Due domande a Bernabé

Academia Verlag eBooks (2019)

Nicola Stefano Galgano

10.5771/9783896658081-173

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GREGORY, Andrew. The presocratics and the supernatural

Nicola Stefano Galgano

Review of: GREGORY, Andrew. The Presocratics and the Supernatural . Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014

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