Sina Hamian

University of California, Irvine

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Keunhan Park

University of Utah

Mohammad Faghri

University of Rhode Island

Toru Yamada

Daido University

Jeonghun Yun

Samjin Pharm (South Korea)

Inkyu Park

Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

Andrew M. Gauffreau

University of Rhode Island

Jungchul Lee

Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

Yutaka Asako

University of Technology Malaysia

Thomas J. Walsh

National Cancer Institute

Majid Ghassemi

K.N.Toosi University of Technology

Cooperative Institutions

University of Rhode Island

University of Utah

Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

Sharif University of Technology

Samsung (South Korea)

Hanyang University

University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

University of Connecticut

University of Louisville

Tokyo Metropolitan University

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Feedback control of local hotspot temperature using resistive on-substrate nanoheater/thermometer

Review of Scientific Instruments (2018)

Amun Jarzembski Sina Hamian Jeonghun Yun Jacob Crossley Inkyu Park

This article reports the active control of a local hotspot temperature for accurate nanoscale thermal transport measurement. To this end, we have fabricated resistive on-substrate nanoheater/thermometer (NH/T) devices that have a sensing area of ∼350 nm × 300 nm. Feedback-controlled temporal heating and cooling experiments of the NH/T device confirm that the feedback integral gain plays a dominant role in device’s response time for various setpoint temperatures. To further verify the integration of the feedback controller with the NH/T devices, a local tip-induced cooling experiment is performed by scanning a silicon tip over the hotspot area in an atomic force microscope platform. By carefully optimizing the feedback gain and the tip scan speed, we can control the hotspot temperature with the accuracy of ∼±1 K for a broad range of setpoints from 325 K to 355 K. The obtained tip-substrate thermal conductance, including the effects of solid-solid conduction, water meniscus, air conduction, and near-field thermal radiation, is found to be a slightly increasing function of temperature in the range of 127 ± 25 to 179 ± 16 nW/K. Our work demonstrates the reliable controllability of a local hotspot temperature, which will allow the further improvement of various nanoscale thermal metrologies including scanning thermal microscopy and nanoscale thermometry.

Thermometer

Set point

Hotspot (geology)

Resistive touchscreen

10.1063/1.5020884

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Citations (5)

Thermal conductivity of mixed nanofluids under controlled pH conditions

International Journal of Thermal Sciences (2013)

Vahid Iranidokht Sina Hamian Niloofar Mohammadi Mohammad Behshad Shafii

10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2013.07.008

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Citations (22)

AC Electrothermal Characterization of Doped-Si Heated Microcantilevers Using Frequency-Domain Finite Element Analysis

Sina Hamian Andrew M. Gauffreau Thomas J. Walsh K. Park

calculated by the frequency-domain COMSOL simulation. Largest error is 6.05%. Temperature distribution of the cantilever suspended in air is calculated for different frequencies. The heater size effect on the 3w voltage signal is also studied. AC Electrothermal Characterization of Doped-Si Heated Microcantilevers Using Frequency-Domain Finite Element Analysis S. Hamian1, A. Gauffreau2, T. Walsh2, K. Park1 1.Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA 2.Department of Mechanical, Industrial & Systems Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA

Characterization

SIGNAL (programming language)

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Electrothermal Characterization of Doped-Si Heated Microcantilevers Under Periodic Heating Operation

Journal of Heat Transfer (2016)

Sina Hamian Andrew M. Gauffreau Timothy M. Walsh Jungchul Lee Keunhan Park

This paper reports the frequency-dependent electrothermal behaviors of a freestanding doped-silicon heated microcantilever probe operating under periodic (ac) Joule heating. We conducted a frequency-domain finite-element analysis (FEA) and compared the steady periodic solution with 3ω experiment results. The computed thermal transfer function of the cantilever accurately predicts the ac electrothermal behaviors over a full spectrum of operational frequencies, which could not be accomplished with the 1D approximation. In addition, the thermal transfer functions of the cantilever in vacuum and in air were compared, through which the frequency-dependent heat transfer coefficient of the air was quantified. With the developed FEA model, design parameters of the cantilever (i.e., the size and the constriction width of the cantilever heater) and their effects on the ac electrothermal behaviors were carefully investigated. Although this work focused on doped-Si heated microcantilever probes, the developed FEA model can be applied for the ac electrothermal analysis of general microelectromechanical systems.

Heating element

Joule effect

10.1115/1.4032531

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Diffusive-Ballistic Heat Transport in Thin Films Using Energy Conserving Dissipative Particle Dynamics

Toru Yamada Sina Hamian Keunhan Park Yutaka Asako Mohammad Faghri

Diffusive-ballistic heat transport in thin films was simulated using energy conserving dissipative particle dynamics (DPDe). The solution domain was considered to be two-dimensional and DPD particles were distributed in the solution domain uniformly under constant temperature boundary conditions at the top and bottom walls and periodic boundary at the side walls. The effects of phonon mean free path was incorporated by its relation to the cutoff radius of energy interaction. This cutoff radius was obtained based on Knudsen number using the existing phonon-boundary scattering models. The simulations for 0.1 < Kn < 10 were conducted with the different modifications of the cutoff radius. The results were presented in form of temperature profile across the thin film and were compared with the semi-analytical solution of the equation of phonon radiative transport (EPRT). The discrepancy of the simulations without the phonon mean free path modification was less than 15% with EPRT. Good agreement with EPRT to within 5% was obtained when the phonon-boundary scattering effects were included.

Dissipative particle dynamics

Ballistic conduction

Cut-off

10.1115/imece2012-89641

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Diffusive-ballistic heat transport in thin films using energy conserving dissipative particle dynamics

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer (2013)

Toru Yamada Sina Hamian Bengt Sundén Keunhan Park Mohammad Faghri

Ballistic conduction

Dissipative particle dynamics

10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2013.02.011

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Citations (20)

Quantitative probing of tip-induced local cooling with a resistive nanoheater/thermometer

Applied Physics Letters (2016)

Sina Hamian Jeonghun Yun Inkyu Park Keunhan Park

This article reports the investigation of tip-induced local cooling when an atomic force microscope (AFM) cantilever tip scans over a joule-heated Pt nanowire. We fabricated four-point-probe Pt resistive nanothermometers having a sensing area of 250 nm × 350 nm by combining electron-beam lithography and photolithography. The electrical resistance of a fabricated nanothermometer is ∼27.8 Ω at room temperature and is linearly proportional to the temperature increase up to 350 K. The equivalent temperature coefficient of resistance is estimated to be (7.0±0.1)×10−4 K−1. We also joule-heated a nanothermometer to increase its sensing area temperature up to 338.5 ± 0.2 K, demonstrating that the same device can be used as a nanoheater. An AFM probe tip scanning over a heated nanoheater/thermometer's sensing area induces local cooling due to heat conduction through solid-solid contact, water meniscus, and surrounding air. The effective contact thermal conductance is 32.5 ± 0.8 nW/K. These results contribute to the better understanding of tip-substrate thermal interactions, which is the fundamental subject in tip-based thermal engineering applications.

Thermometer

Scanning thermal microscopy

Resistance thermometer

Resistive touchscreen

Contact resistance

Contact area

10.1063/1.4972792

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Citations (9)

Finite element analysis of transient ballistic–diffusive phonon heat transport in two-dimensional domains

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer (2014)

Sina Hamian Toru Yamada Mohammad Faghri Keunhan Park