Background: Previous studies have reported that botulinum toxin inhibits transforming growth factor beta(TGF-β), which is known to be one of the causes of alopecia.
Objectives: This study aimed to see the safety and efficacy of botulinum toxin type A on male pattern baldness(MPB).
Methods: 22 patients with MPB participated in this study. They got intradermal injection with 30 units of botulinum toxin type A around hair follicles every 4 weeks for 24 weeks. The primary endpoint of this study was change in number of hairs per ㎠ in phototrichogram analysis and Physician’s global assessment scale based on clinical photography after 24 weeks of treatment. Also, adverse effects were monitored through blood tests and history taking.
Results: The number of the hairs significantly increased at 24 weeks by 6.61±9.96 per ㎠(p=0.0119). There was significant improvement in Physician’s global assessment scale(p=0.0313). Subjective improvement and treatment satisfaction also showed significant difference. No serious adverse event occurred except temporary local pain on injection site and transient erythema.
Conclusion: Intradermal injection of botulinum toxin type A in MPB is safe and effective, and it can be used as adjunctive or alternative therapy for medical treatment of MPB.
GDF15, a hormone acting on the brainstem, has been implicated in the nausea and vomiting of pregnancy, including its most severe form, hyperemesis gravidarum (HG), but a full mechanistic understanding is lacking
Fractional picosecond lasers is effective for the treatment of wrinkles or acne scars.To investigate the safety and efficacy of treatment with a fractional 1,064-nm picosecond laser with a diffractive optic element for facial wrinkles and acne scars.This prospective open-labeled trial comprised 22 subjects with facial wrinkles or acne scars. Subjects received three laser treatments with a fractional 1,064-nm picosecond laser at 3-week intervals. The efficacy and safety were evaluated at every visit and 2 months after the final treatment (14 weeks from the first treatment session). Global photographic assessments were performed by three blinded dermatologists and the subjects. Skin profilometry was performed using three-dimensional digital photographs; viscoelasticity was measured.The overall mean global improvement scores assessed by the dermatologists at weeks 3, 6, and 14, were 1.8±1.46, 2.5±1.88, and 3.5±1.84, respectively, and those assessed by the subjects were 2.7±2.08, 4.1±2.24, and 5.0±2.52, respectively. Skin profilometry showed significant improvements in the skin wrinkles, texture, depressions, and pores. The gross elasticity and skin firmness significantly improved by 10.96% and 9.04%, respectively. The major adverse reactions were erythema, pruritus, and petechiae, which disappeared within 2~3 days.The fractional 1,064-nm picosecond laser is an effective and safe therapeutic modality for skin rejuvenation.
'%3e%3cpath fill='%23012169' d='M0 0v30h60V0z'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23fff' stroke-width='6' d='m0 0 60 30m0-30L0 30'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23C8102E' stroke-width='4' d='m0 0 60 30m0-30L0 30' clip-path='url(%23b)'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23fff' stroke-width='10' d='M30 0v30M0 15h60'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23C8102E' stroke-width='6' d='M30 0v30M0 15h60'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3c/svg%3e)
'%3e%3cg id='b'%3e%3cpath id='a' stroke='%23000' stroke-width='2' d='M-6-25H6m-12 3H6m-12 3H6'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' y='44'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cpath stroke='%23fff' d='M0 17v10'/%3e%3ccircle r='12' fill='%23cd2e3a'/%3e%3cpath fill='%230047a0' d='M0-12A6 6 0 0 0 0 0a6 6 0 0 1 0 12 12 12 0 0 1 0-24z'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cg transform='rotate(-123.69)'%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23b'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23fff' d='M0-23.5v3M0 17v3.5m0 3v3'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3c/svg%3e)