Shaik Sai Babu

Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research

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M. Ram Mohan

National Geophysical Research Institute

V. Purnachandra Rao

Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research

R. Venkata Ramana

Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research

Satyasree Nannapaneni

Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research

A. Prajith

National Centre for Earth Science Studies

Saripoot Sawant

National Geophysical Research Institute

A. Keshav Krishna

National Geophysical Research Institute

S. S. Sawant

Central Institute of Fisheries Education

Nannapaneni Satya Sree

Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research

V. Purnachandra Rao

National Institute of Oceanography

Cooperative Institutions

Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research

Council of Scientific and Industrial Research

National Geophysical Research Institute

National Institute of Oceanography

Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research

Florida State University

Kumaun University

Laurentian University

Central Institute of Fisheries Education

Asian Institute of Technology

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Clay Mineralogy and Major and Trace Element Geochemistry of Recent Sediments in Rivers Along the West Coast of India: Implications for Provenance and Chemical Weathering

Minerals (2024)

Shaik Sai Babu V. Purnachandra Rao M. Ram Mohan

The clay mineralogy and major and trace element geochemistry of the sediments deposited at the lower reaches of 90 medium and minor rivers from five states along the west coast of India indicate distinct clay mineral assemblages in the Archean–Proterozoic (A-P) terrain and Deccan Trap (DT) terrain. The sediments from A-P terrain are dominated by kaolinite, with minor illite and gibbsite and traces of goethite, and those from DT terrain are dominated by smectite with minor illite, kaolinite and chlorite. The sediments are depleted of Si, Ca, Mg, Na and K relative to those of Post-Archean average Australian Shale. The SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of the sediments suggests lateritic soils in the A-P terrain and non-lateritic, chemically weathered soils in the DT terrain. Weathering indices indicate strong weathering in the clay fractions of all sediments. The silt fractions of sediments from Goa, Maharashtra and Gujarat exhibit intermediate to weak weathering and influence by hydraulic sorting processes and source rock characteristics. The total trace element content (∑TE) was higher in the silt fractions than in clay fractions of all sediments, and peaks of high ∑TE occur in the silt fractions of Kerala and Maharashtra. The silt fractions exhibit relatively high Th, U, La, Zr and Hf from A-P terrain, and high Sc, Cr, Co, Ni, V and Ga from DT terrain. The Th/U and Rb/Sr ratios are controlled by the intensity of weathering and lithology of source rocks. The standard plots using trace elements reveal that the clay fractions of sediments are more mafic from both the terrains, while silt fractions exhibit intermediate provenance between felsic and mafic sources. Since mafic component-dominated clays are transported to the adjacent seas and oceans, it would be a challenge to identify the provenance of clays from granitic terrain in the oceans using trace element chemistry.

Illite

Silt

Parent rock

Trace element

Lithology

10.3390/min15010043

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Rare Earth Elements of Sediments in Rivers and Estuaries of the East Coast of India

Current Science (2021)

Shaik Sai Babu R. Venkata Ramana V. Purnachandra Rao M. Ram Mohan S. S. Sawant

The rare earth elements (REE) in the clay fraction of sediments in 15 rivers and their estuaries along the east coast of India were analysed in this study.The total REE content (∑REE) varied from 130.98 to 289.85 μg/g and from 70.89 to 352.61 μg/g in rivers and estuaries respectively.The ∑REEs of estuarine clays (except the Brahmani and Baitarani) was lower than in rivers.The Post-Archean average Australian Shale-normalized REE patterns in rivers and estuaries were similar and categorized into three types.The REE patterns reflect the composition of dominant geological formations in river basins and extent of sediment mixing from different sources during transport.Hydrodynamic conditions controlled the abundance and fractionation of REE in the estuaries.The Sm/Nd ratios of clays were largely controlled by mineral composition and Y/Ho ratios were affected by sedimentary processes in the estuaries.

East coast

10.18520/cs/v120/i3/519-537

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Sources of Rare Earths and Prospects for a Viable REE Deposit in River Sediments of Kerala, Southwest India

Current Science (2024)

Shaik Sai Babu A. Prajith V. Purnachandra Rao M. Ram Mohan R. Venkata Ramana

10.18520/cs/v126/i3/345-359

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Composition of river sediments from Kerala, southwest India: Inferences on lateritic weathering

Journal of Earth System Science (2023)