Objective: Maternal antibodies from either vaccinated or feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)-infected female cats (queens) were evaluated for their ability to protect kittens against homologous FIV infection. Design: Kittens that received different levels of maternal antiviral antibodies from either vaccinated or infected queens were inoculated with homologous FIV at 1 week post-parturition and monitored for FIV infection. Maternal antiviral antibodies in the kittens were also measured and compared to the level of FIV infection. Methods: Kittens at 1 week post-parturition were inoculated intraperitoneally with five median cat infectious doses of FIVPet. FIV infection was monitored by virus isolation for infectious FIV and by nested polymerase chain reaction for proviral DNA. Virus-neutralizing (VN) antibodies and antibodies to FIV transmembrane peptide and core protein were also monitored throughout the 25 weeks. Results: Neonatal kittens that received high levels of antiviral antibodies from either vaccinated or infected queens were protected from FIV inoculation. Kittens that received low levels of maternal antiviral antibodies were not completely protected from similar FIV inoculation. Protection correlated more closely with the level of maternal VN antibodies than the anti-p25 antibodies transferred to the kittens. The unprotected kittens born to infected queens were not infected from vertical transmission because all littermates that were not FIV-inoculated remained free of FIV infection. Conclusions: Maternal antiviral antibodies, including VN antibodies, from either vaccinated or infected queens protected neonatal kittens from FIV inoculation. Thus, maternal antiviral antibodies play a key role in preventing or limiting infection in neonates and such antiviral immunity can be provided by vaccinated queens.

Feline immunodeficiency virus

10.1097/00002030-199503000-00004

Cite

Citations (31)

Enzootic bovine leukosis accompanied by splenomegaly in an 8-month-old calf

Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society (2020)

Susumu Okada Kazumi Tagawa Ryan Wada Yuji Yaguchi Yuki Kashima

In this report, an 8-month-old calf (crossbred, Holstein × Japanese Black) developed fever and accompanied abomasum displacement. Blood chemical test showed remarkably high values of white blood cell count and heteromorphic lymphocytes. In pathological appraisal, enlarged splenomegaly and swelling of the lymph nodes were observed. Histopathological examination revealed invasion of tumor cells derived from B1 cells into systemic lymph nodes, liver and spleen. The provirus loads of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) was 1,439 copies per 10 ng DNA by using real time PCR. In conclusion, this case was diagnosed as bovine leukemia caused by BLV infection with a huge splenomegaly.

Bovine leukemia virus

Provirus

White blood cell

10.12681/jhvms.22969

Cite

Citations (0)

Characterization of monoclonal antibodies against feline infectious peritonitis virus type II and antigenic relationship between feline, porcine, and canine coronaviruses

Archives of Virology (1991)

Tsutomu Hohdatsu Susumu Okada Hiroyuki Koyama

Coronaviridae

Feline infectious peritonitis

Coronavirus