Abstract Background The YOu and Ulcerative colitis: Registry and Social network (YOURS) is a large-scale, multicenter, patient-focused registry investigating the effects of lifestyle, psychological factors, and clinical practice patterns on patient-reported outcomes in patients with ulcerative colitis in Japan. In this initial cross-sectional baseline analysis, we comprehensively explored impacts of symptom severity or proctocolectomy on nine patient-reported outcomes. Methods Patients receiving tertiary care at medical institutions were consecutively enrolled in the YOURS registry. The patients completed validated questionnaires on lifestyle, psychosocial factors, and disease-related symptoms. Severity of symptoms was classified with self-graded stool frequency and rectal bleeding scores (categories: remission, active disease [mild, moderate, severe]). The effects of symptom severity or proctocolectomy on nine scales for quality of life, fatigue, anxiety/depression, work productivity, and sleep were assessed by comparing standardized mean differences of the patient-reported outcome scores. Results Of the 1971 survey responses analyzed, 1346 (68.3%) patients were in remission, 583 (29.6%) had active disease, and 42 (2.1%) had undergone proctocolectomy. A linear relationship between increasing symptom severity and worsening quality of life, fatigue, anxiety, depression, and work productivity was observed. Patients with even mild symptoms had worse scores than patients in remission. Patients who had undergone proctocolectomy also had worse scores than patients in remission. Conclusions Ulcerative colitis was associated with reduced mood, quality of life, fatigue, and work productivity even in patients with mild symptoms, suggesting that management of active ulcerative colitis may improve patient-reported outcomes irrespective of disease severity. (UMIN Clinical Trials Registry: UMIN000031995, https://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/index-j.htm ).
Objective Anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α antibody-based regimens are effective in Behçet's disease (BD) with intestinal lesions. We therefore evaluated the efficacy of medium- to long-term anti-TNF-α antibody-based maintenance therapy of BD intestinal and non-intestinal lesions.
Capsule endoscopy can be used to identify the early stage of small bowel Crohn's disease (CD). We evaluated significant small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) findings that can lead to early diagnosis of CD.We retrospectively accumulated clinical and SBCE data of 108 patients (63 with and 45 without CD). Types of small bowel mucosal injuries, including erosion, ulceration, and cobblestone appearance, and the alignment of diminutive lesions were compared between patients with and without CD. Inter- and intra-observer agreement in the determination of lesions was assessed in 25 pairs of SBCE from the two groups.Under SBCE, cobblestone appearance (33% vs. 2%, p < 0.0001), longitudinal ulcers (78% vs. 20%, p < 0.0001), and irregular ulcers (84% vs. 60%, p < 0.01) were more frequently found in patients with CD. Linear erosion (90% vs. 38%, p < 0.0001) and irregular erosion (89% vs. 64%, p < 0.005) were also more frequent in patients with CD. Furthermore, circumferential (75% vs. 9%, p < 0.0001) and longitudinal (56% vs. 7%, p < 0.0001) alignment of diminutive lesions, mainly observed in the 1st tertile of the small bowel, was more frequent in patients with CD. Good intra-observer agreement was found for ulcers, cobblestone appearance, and lesion alignment. However, inter-observer agreement of SBCE findings differed among observers.Circumferential or longitudinal alignment of diminutive lesions, especially in the upper small bowel, may be a diagnostic clue for CD under SBCE, while inter-observer variations should be cautiously considered when using SBCE.
Objectives. The clinical/colonoscopic features of ulcerative colitis (UC) associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), the prognostic impact of UC, and the utility of UC screening in PSC patients are unknown. We characterized UC associated with PSC and assessed UC’s impact on the prognosis of PSC and the importance of colonoscopic UC screening in PSC patients. Methods. We retrospectively analyzed the cases of 77 patients treated for PSC at a single center (April 2000–July 2019). We reviewed the clinical/colonoscopic profiles of the concurrent UC patients and compared the clinical profiles, survival, and primary causes of death between the patients with/without UC ( / ). The details of all patients’ colonoscopies were reviewed. Results. The concurrent UC group: 17 men, 18 women, diagnosed with PSC at the mean (SD) age of 36 (17) years; 21 patients (60%) had no UC symptoms. Colonoscopy revealed pancolitis in all patients, predominantly affecting the right-sided colon in 30 patients (86%). Lesions were scattered. Backwash ileitis ( , 37%) and rectal sparing ( , 51%) were observed. Most patients had mild UC; some had moderate or more severe UC (median Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity (UCEIS) score 2; range, 1–5). Ludwig’s stage determined by liver biopsy did not correlate with the Mayo endoscopic score for UC. The patients with UC were diagnosed with PSC at a significantly younger age than those without UC (mean (SD), 36 [17] years vs. 55 [19] years, ) and had a significantly higher 5-year survival rate (97.1% vs. 70.5%, ). UC was detected in 19 of 34 asymptomatic patients (56%) who underwent colonoscopy screening. Conclusions. Our cohort’s clinical/colonoscopic features of UC associated with PSC are more moderate or severe UC than previous cases. The coexistence of UC might affect the prognosis of PSC. In this regard, colonoscopy in PSC patients is an important examination for determining prognosis. There is also asymptomatic UC in patients with PSC. In this regard, screening for colonoscopy in PSC patients is essential. When a diagnosis of PSC is made, immediate colonoscopy is a priority with UC complications in mind.
Abstract Background and study aims The aim of this study was tp compare the diagnostic efficiency of the PillCam SB3 capsule endoscopy (CE) system with the older system, PillCam SB2, taking into consideration the experience of the image reader. Patients and methods Small intestinal CE was conducted on 64 patients around May 2014 when the SB3 was introduced in our hospital. Data obtained from 20 patients (SB2: 10 and SB3: 10) based on transit time were assessed by junior (experience: 20 images), intermediate (> 50), and expert readers (> 600). Results Reading time with the CE down to the end of the small intestine was shorter in the SB3 group for each reader (SB2 vs. SB3: junior, 40.2 ± 10.1 vs. 23.7 ± 6.7 [P = 0.0009]; intermediate, 21.4 ± 4.9 vs. 10.3 ± 2.9 [P = 0.0003]; expert, 23.2 ± 5.6 vs. 11.1 ± 2.9 min [P = 0.0002]). Interpretation agreement rates between the findings by junior and intermediate readers and those by the expert reader were 84.6 % and 92.3 %, respectively. For the junior reader, rates of agreement using the SB2 and SB3 systems with those by the expert reader were 85.7 % and 83.3 %, respectively; no significant difference was noted between the two systems. Similarly, for the intermediate reader, the respective agreement rates using the SB2 and SB3 systems were 85.7 % and 100 %, respectively. Conclusions The PillCam SB3 reduces the time burden on readers irrespective of their experience.
Intestinal motility may be different in obese and nonobese patients, but this has not been determined. Here, we sought to evaluate the effect of obesity on small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE). Patients and Methods. We retrospectively analyzed the cases of the 340 patients who underwent SBCE for small intestinal disease (excluding cases of unobservable total small bowel, small bowel stenosis, and bowel resection) at our hospital during the period January 2014 to December 2020 to extract patient background factors and the bowel transit times of SBCE according to the presence/absence of obesity (defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2).The obese group was 54 patients (nonobese, n = 286). The small bowel transit time (SBTT) was significantly shorter in the obese patients compared to the nonobese patients (p = 0.0026), and when we divided the patients by their short/long SBTTs using 216.5 min as the cutoff, we observed significant between-group differences in the patients' age (≥60 years) and in the patients' hospitalization status at the time of the SBCE examination. A multivariate analysis revealed that hospitalized status at the examination is a factor contributing significantly to a long SBTT (OR 0.25, 95% CI: 0.15-0.42, p < 0.0001). An analysis using the outpatient/inpatient conditions showed that obesity was an independent factor in the inpatient status at the SBCE examination with a significant short SBTT (OR 2.91, 95% CI: 1.06-7.97, p = 0.0380). Constipation at the examination was also a factor contributing to a long SBTT (OR 0.26, 95% CI: 0.07-0.99, p = 0.0493).The SBTT of the SBCE was significantly shorter in the obese patients. This tendency was especially evident in the hospitalized state.
in the outpatient setting of University College London Hospitals (UCLH), as well as whether self-administered MUST (Self-MUST) can be accurately implemented in the IBD outpatient setting to identify malnutrition.Methods: This study is a quantitative research survey design, including 80 participants with IBD (Crohn's disease: 43, ulcerative colitis: 29, Crohn's colitis: 6, IBD Unclassified: 2), mean age 39.9 ± 15.1 years (range 19-84), and 51.3% were females.The chance-correlated agreement (kappa-κ) coefficient (using grading system of Landis and Koch) was used to compare the Self-MUST score to the MUST score calculated by the dietitian (low score = 0, medium score = 1, and high score = ≥ 2).Results: In total, 68 (85%) of the participants, were at low risk of malnutrition when screened by the researcher.Further, 40 (50%) participants found completion of the Self-MUST easy; 31 (38.8%)participants found it very easy; and only 3 patients refused to complete the Self-MUST.The estimated time needed to complete the Self-MUST ranged from <1 minute (minimum) to 10 minutes (maximum).The most common times to complete the Self-MUST were 3 minutes and 2 minutes by 21 (26.3%)participants and 19 (23.8%), respectively.The κ coefficient was 0.486 (p < 0.001) showing a moderate agreement between the scoring of MUST by participant and researcher.There was 100% agreement in MUST scoring for participants and researcher for medium and high malnutrition risk categories.Conclusions: Our study suggests that the prevalence of malnutrition in the IBD outpatient setting at UCLH is low: the majority of the patients had a MUST score of 0 indicating low malnutrition risk.Close monitoring by a multidisciplinary team might enhance the low levels of malnutrition in the outpatient setting.This study identified that a self-administered MUST could be implemented in an outpatient IBD clinic to ensure effective nutritional screening as there is a satisfactory agreement with the health care professional's nutritional screening result using MUST.Additionally, using computers for calculations could improve accuracy and make nutritional screening much easier.Further research is currently underway, exploring clinicians' and patients' perceptions on the implementation of a self-administered nutritional screening tool in an outpatient IBD setting.Exploring barriers and facilitators could help to develop the self-administered MUST further and improve accuracy.
