With the increasingly stringent emissions and fuel economy standards, there is a need to develop new advanced in-cylinder sensing techniques to optimize the operation of the internal combustion engine. In addition, reducing the number of on-board sensors needed for proper engine monitoring over the lifetime of the vehicle would reduce the cost and complexity of the electronic system. This paper presents a new technique to enable one engine component, the fuel injector, to perform multiple sensing tasks in addition to its primary task of delivering the fuel into the cylinder. The injector is instrumented within an electric circuit to produce a signal indicative of some injection and combustion parameters in electronically controlled spark ignition direct injection (SIDI) engines. The output of the multisensing fuel injector (MSFI) system can be used as a feedback signal to the engine control unit (ECU) for injection timing control and diagnosis of the injection and combustion processes. A comparison between sensing capabilities of the multisensing fuel injector and the spark plug-ion sensor under different engine operating conditions is also included in this study. In addition, the combined use of the ion current signals produced by the MSFI and the spark plug for combustion sensing and control is demonstrated.
A portable PC-based heat release model for diesel engines with an emphasis on cold starting was developed to be used on an IBM PC or compatible. The model features normalized variables, the inclusion of blowby and heat transfer models, smoothing using a combination of error detection methods and low pass FFT. The derivative of the pressure data was calculated using cubical splines, from which the analytical first and second derivatives were derived. This method had the advantage of no data shifting, the ability to calculate the derivatives at any point (intermediate or original data point) and the error of both the first and second derivatives of the same order. The inclusion of the blowby model during starting was essential as losses due to blowby were found to be just as significant as other major loss factors. Smoothing angular velocity and the pressure signal using polynomial and cubical splines did not prove to be as efficient or as accurate as using the combination of error detection methods and FFT. Combustion during cold starting is mostly of the premixed type.
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With the increasingly stringent emissions and fuel economy standards, there is a need to develop new advanced in-cylinder sensing techniques to optimize the operation of internal combustion engine. In addition, reducing the number of on-board sensors needed for proper engine monitoring over the life time of the vehicle would reduce the cost and complexity of the electronic system. This paper presents a new technique to enable one engine component, the fuel injector, to perform multiple sensing tasks in addition to its primary task of delivering the fuel into the cylinder. The injector is instrumented within an electric circuit to produce a signal indicative of some injection and combustion parameters in electronically controlled spark ignition direct injection (SIDI) engines. The output of the multi sensing fuel injector (MSFI) system can be used as a feedback signal to the engine control unit (ECU) for injection timing control and diagnosis of the injection and combustion processes. A comparison between sensing capabilities of the multi-sensing fuel injector and the spark plug-ion sensor under different engine operating conditions is also included in this study. In addition, the combined use of the ion current signals produced by the MSFI and the spark plug for combustion sensing and control is demonstrated.
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