4 out of every 5 children in the world (80%) today live in less developed countries where food housing education and health services are at minimal levels. By the year 2000 it is projected that children under age 15 will total 1.9 billion 500 million more than in 1975. Decisions made today and in the next few years will play an important role in minimizing or alleviating the social ills that deprive todays children of happiness security and general well-being. It is imperative to develop specific and immediate set of goals which would reduce general malnutrition infant mortality and high fertility rates in developing areas. Recommended measures include food supplement programs immunization of all children for protection against common childhood diseases and provision of adequate housing facilities of clean and convenient water supply; and of sanitation facilities. 1979 is the International Year of the Child a time for focusing commitment and immediate positive action on the problems affecting all the children in the world.
The Independent Group, or the IG, as it was called, is best known for having launched Pop Art. But the young artists, architects, and critics who met informally at London's Institute of Contemporary Arts in the early 1950s were actually embarked on a far more subversive and constructive mission than the founding of an art movement. Street-smart, anti-academic, and iconoclastic, they embraced Hollywood and Madison Avenue and rejected the traditional dichotomies between high and low culture, British and American values. They used their meetings and exhibitions to challenge the official modernist assumptions of British aesthetics and to advocate instead a media-based, consumer-based aesthetics of change and inclusiveness - an aesthetics of plenty. In doing so they drew upon Dadaist, Futurist, and Surrealist strategies to invigorate their alternative version of modernism - a version that today can be said to have insinuated the terms of postmodernism.This book provides the first comprehensive view of the IG's aims and significance. The texts and illustrations fully represent the achievements of its leaders, including artists Richard Hamilton and Eduardo Paolozzi, architects Alison and Peter Smithson, and critics Lawrence Alloway and Reyner Banham. The historic exhibitions that publicized the ideas of IG members are also documented - Parallel of Life and Art, Man, Machine and Motions, This Is Tomorrow, and An Exhibit. Above all, the book emphasizes the interaction between the exhibitions, discussions, art and writings of IG members, showing the ways in which they established a new aesthetic horizon.David Robbins is a freelance writer and editor in Berkeley, California. Distributed for the University Art Museum, University of California at Berkeley.Essays by: Lawrence Alloway, Theo Crosby, Barry Curtis, Diane Kirkpatrick, David Mellor, David Robbins, Denise Scott Brown, Alison and Peter Smithson, David ThistlewoodRetrospective Statements by: Lawrence Alloway, Mary Banham, Richard Hamilton, Geoffrey Holroyd, Magda Cordell McHale, Dorothy Morland, Eduardo Paolozzi, Toni del Renzio, Alison and Peter Smithson, James Stirling, William Turnbull, Colin St. John Wilson
A new direction for more integrative development has emerged in which human needs are the centerpiece, and in which meeting the basic needs of the world's poorest is seen as the most urgent challenge. This is viewed not only as a strategy for helping the poor in the poorer nations to meet their own needs, but as part of a larger pattern of interdependent global development through which all nations may seek more diversified and sustainable directions for growth. The constituency of concern within which these directions are being formulated extends beyond conventional governmental groups to include new sets of participants in the larger development dialogue.
Abstract Science has become the kind of system which purports to stand outside of, and be superior to, individual human beings. The status of arts and their potential impact on societies is often relegated to a status of entertainment. Yet, art is often a better measure than all alternatives in defining the leading edge of change in society.