Eric B. Duoss

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

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Christopher M. Spadaccini

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Sarah E. Baker

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Cheng Zhu

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Marcus A. Worsley

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Joshua D. Kuntz

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Christopher Hahn

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

V. A. Beck

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Jennifer A. Lewis

Harvard University

Thomas S. Wilson

Electric Power Research Institute

Nikola A. Dudukovic

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Cooperative Institutions

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

271

Lawrence Livermore National Security

University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

Stanford University

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

University of California, Berkeley

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory

University of California, Davis

Sandia National Laboratories

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Ultralight, ultrastiff mechanical metamaterials

Science (2014)

Xiaoyu Zheng Howon Lee Todd H. Weisgraber Maxim Shusteff Joshua Deotte

Microlattices make marvelous materials Framework or lattice structures can be remarkably strong despite their very low density. Using a very precise technique known as projection microstereolithography, Zheng et al. fabricated octet microlattices from polymers, metals, and ceramics. The design of the lattices meant that the individual struts making up the materials did not bend under pressure. The materials were therefore exceptionally stiff, strong, and lightweight. Science , this issue p. 1373

Octet

Lattice (music)

Auxetics

10.1126/science.1252291

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Citations (1,872)

Planar and Three-Dimensional Printing of Conductive Inks

Journal of Visualized Experiments (2011)

Bok Yeop Ahn S. Brett Walker Scott C. Slimmer Analisa Russo Ashley Gupta

Printed electronics rely on low-cost, large-area fabrication routes to create flexible or multidimensional electronic, optoelectronic, and biomedical devices1-3. In this paper, we focus on one- (1D), two- (2D), and three-dimensional (3D) printing of conductive metallic inks in the form of flexible, stretchable, and spanning microelectrodes. Direct-write assembly4,5 is a 1-to-3D printing technique that enables the fabrication of features ranging from simple lines to complex structures by the deposition of concentrated inks through fine nozzles (~0.1 - 250 μm). This printing method consists of a computer-controlled 3-axis translation stage, an ink reservoir and nozzle, and 10x telescopic lens for visualization. Unlike inkjet printing, a droplet-based process, direct-write assembly involves the extrusion of ink filaments either in- or out-of-plane. The printed filaments typically conform to the nozzle size. Hence, microscale features (< 1 μm) can be patterned and assembled into larger arrays and multidimensional architectures. In this paper, we first synthesize a highly concentrated silver nanoparticle ink for planar and 3D printing via direct-write assembly. Next, a standard protocol for printing microelectrodes in multidimensional motifs is demonstrated. Finally, applications of printed microelectrodes for electrically small antennas, solar cells, and light-emitting diodes are highlighted.

Microscale chemistry

Printed Electronics

Microcontact Printing

Flexible Electronics

10.3791/3189-v

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Citations (8)

Electrolyzer energy dominates separation costs in state-of-the-art CO2 electrolyzers: Implications for single-pass CO2 utilization

Joule (2023)

Thomas Moore Diego I. Oyarzun Wenqin Li Tiras Y. Lin Maxwell Goldman

In low-temperature C O 2 electrolysis, a fundamental trade-off exists between maximizing electrolyzer performance and minimizing downstream C O 2 recovery. By coupling a down-the-gas-channel electrolyzer model with a techno-economic analysis, we find that the optimal single-pass C O 2 conversion for ethylene production is typically low—on the order of 5%–10%—although larger optima are found if the H 2 faradic efficiency is very low. Similarly, strategies for eliminating carbonate crossover require more energy than downstream gas separation if they increase the cell potential by ∼0.2 V; however, when CAPEX are accounted for, this "break-even" voltage increases to ∼ 0.4 to 0.8 V for electricity prices varying from 6c/kWh to 1.5c/kWh. These findings are a consequence of the low energy requirements of industrial gas separation relative to electrochemical C O 2 reduction. Under most circumstances, maintaining near-optimal electrolyzer performance is more important than reducing or eliminating downstream gas separations.

Separation (statistics)

10.1016/j.joule.2023.03.015

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Citations (42)

Cellular Solids: Three-Dimensional Printing of Elastomeric, Cellular Architectures with Negative Stiffness (Adv. Funct. Mater. 31/2014)

Advanced Functional Materials (2014)

Eric B. Duoss Todd H. Weisgraber Keith Hearon Cheng Zhu Ward Small

Three-dimensional printing of viscoelastic inks is demonstrated by E. B. Duoss, C. M. Spadaccini, T. S. Wilson, and co-workers on page 4905. This technique is shown to create porous, elastomeric architectures with highly controlled mechanical properties, exhibiting markedly distinct load responses with directionally dependent behavior, including negative shear stiffness.

10.1002/adfm.201470210

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Citations (4)

Three-dimensional printed porous silicone matrix using leachable porogen

OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (2023)

Du T. Nguyen Eric B. Duoss Jeremy M. Lenhardt Thomas S. Wilson

Matrix (chemical analysis)

Silicone resin

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3D Printed Nickel–Molybdenum-Based Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution at Low Overpotentials in a Flow-Through Configuration

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces (2021)

Ian Sullivan Huanlei Zhang Cheng Zhu Marissa Wood A. J. Nelson

Three-dimensional (3D) printed, hierarchically porous nickel molybdenum (NiMo) electrocatalysts were synthesized and evaluated in a flow-through configuration for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in 1.0 M KOH(aq) in a simple electrochemical H-cell. 3D NiMo electrodes possess hierarchically porous structures because of the resol-based aerogel precursor, which generates superporous carbon aerogel as a catalyst support. Relative to a traditional planar electrode configuration, the flow-through configuration allowed efficient removal of the hydrogen bubbles from the catalyst surface, especially at high operating current densities, and significantly decreased the overpotentials required for HER. An analytical model that accounted for the electrokinetics of HER as well as the mass transport with or without the flow-through configuration was developed to quantitatively evaluate voltage losses associated with kinetic overpotentials and ohmic resistance due to bubble formation in the porous electrodes. The chemical composition, electrochemical surface area (ECSA), and roughness factor (RF) were also systematically studied to assess the electrocatalytic performance of the 3D printed, hierarchically porous NiMo electrodes. An ECSA of 25163 cm2 was obtained with the highly porous structures, and an average overpotential of 45 mV at 10 mA cm–2 was achieved over 24 h by using the flow-through configuration. The flow-through configuration evaluated in the simple H-cell achieved high electrochemical accessible surface areas for electrochemical reactions and provided useful information for adaption of the porous electrodes in flow cells.

Overpotential

10.1021/acsami.1c05648

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Citations (40)

Composite 3D-printed reactors for gas absorption, purification, and reaction

OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (2019)

Du T. Nguyen Roger D. Aines Sarah E. Baker William L. Bourcier Eric B. Duoss

3d printed

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Citations (1)

Hierarchical 3D Printed Porous Silicones with Porosity Derived from Printed Architecture and Silicone-Shell Microballoons

Additive manufacturing (2022)

Colin K. Loeb Du T. Nguyen Taylor M. Bryson Eric B. Duoss Thomas S. Wilson

Glass microsphere

Siloxane

3d printed

Syntactic foam

10.1016/j.addma.2022.102837

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Citations (11)

Techniques for release of material into an environment

OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (2019)

III Floyd Roger D. Aines Eric B. Duoss John J. Vericella

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Microfabrication: Conformal Printing of Electrically Small Antennas on Three‐Dimensional Surfaces (Adv. Mater. 11/2011)

Advanced Materials (2011)

Jacob J. Adams Eric B. Duoss Thomas F. Malkowski Michael J. Motala Bok Yeop Ahn

Jennifer A. Lewis, Jennifer T. Bernhard, and co-workers demonstrate on p. 1335 the conformal printing of electrically conductive meander lines onto hemispherical glass substrates. The bandwidth of these electrically small antennas approaches the fundamental limit for their size. This space-filling design offers nearly an order of magnitude improvement over rudimentary monopole antennas. Cover design by T. Malkowski and R. Durdle (Beckman Institute ITG), University of Illinois.

Conformal antenna

10.1002/adma.201190032

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Citations (4)