R Kadhiresan

Sri Venkateswara Medical College and Ruia Hospital

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Arunmozhi Ulaganathan

Sri Venkateswara Medical College and Ruia Hospital

R. Shanmugapriya

Sri Venkateswara Medical College and Ruia Hospital

U Arunmozhi

Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital

Rathinavelu Ganesan

Swarna Alamelu

Ragas Dental College & Hospital

Jenifer Cynthia R. A

Parthiban Saket

Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital

Sabitha Sudarsan

SRM Dental College

Shanmuga Priya

Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute

A. Thirumal Raj

Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital

Cooperative Institutions

Sri Venkateswara Medical College and Ruia Hospital

SRM Dental College

Sri Venkateshwaraa Medical College Hospital and Research Centre

Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research

Saveetha University

Ragas Dental College & Hospital

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Vinayaka Missions University

Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University

Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital

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PRIMARY IMPLANT STABILITY: A LEAP TOWARDS SUCCESSFUL OSSEOINTEGRATION – A NARRATIVE REVIEW

Journal of Indian Dental Association Madras (2021)

Kishore Kumar G Shanmuga Priya U Arunmozhi R Kadhiresan Jenifer Cynthia R. A

Implant stability can be defined as an absence of clinical implant mobility and consists of primary and secondary implant stability. It has been recognised as one of the most important and useful factors when it comes to predicting implant anchorage. Primary stability includes the mechanical attachment of an implant in the surrounding bone at the insertion, whereas secondary implant stability is the tissue response to the implant and subsequent bone remodelling processes. It is known to be a crucial factor for successful osseointegration of dental implants. There is sufficient evidence to accept a positive correlation between primary implant stability and implant success, as the success relies on the sustainable integration of the implants into hard and soft tissues. This review extensively focuses on different factors affecting primary stability such as implant design and characteristics, bone quality and methods to measure implant stability. KEYWORDS: bone density, dental implants, implant stability, osseodensification, osseointegration

10.37841/jidam_2021_v8_i4_03

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Knowledge, Attitude & Practice of Ultrasonic Bone Surgery (Piezo electric) among Dentists in the State Tamilnadu- KAP Study

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International (2021)

R. A. Jenifer Cynthia R Kadhiresan Arunmozhi Ulaganathan Shanmuga Priya Ramamurthy G. Kishore Kumar

Background: Objectives: To assess the knowledge, attitude, practice of Ultrasonic bone surgery (piezo electric) among dentist in the state of Tamilnadu. Methods: A set of 29 questions was sent to dentists in and around Tamilnadu. The questionnaire was circulated digitally (Google forms & emails) and responses were recorded. 125 dentists participated in the study, among them 21 dentists were excluded since they did not have any awareness about piezo surgery or the equipment used. Statistical Analysis: The basic data was expressed used using frequency with percentages and by diagrams. For expressing quantitative variable, mean and standard deviation were used. Kruskal wallis test was used to compare whether knowledge score differed by characteristics of the selected variables and Dunn’s post hoc test was applied to find out which of the characteristics were statistically significant. All the statistical analysis were done using XLSTAT 2014 software Results: 63% of the dentists had adequate knowledge regarding piezo surgery and 53% of the dentists were currently using piezotome in their dental practice and 47% of dentists use it for harvesting bone grafts and 86% have complimented that it was less traumatic to the hard tissues. 81% felt that patient compliance was better compared to traditional methods like osteotome and chisel. Majority of the dentists showed a positive attitude towards piezosurgery and they extended their willingness to update their knowledge furthermore and emphasized that the concept of piezosurgery, its usage and its advantages should be given adequate importance in future dental education. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that knowledge and attitude towards piezosurgery was good among the dental professionals, but the actual practice of it is still deficient. This could be probably because of the lack of training in the dental schools, which could be overcome by including piezo surgery in dental curriculum and conducting workshops for improvising the skill of the dentists.

Statistical software

Post-hoc analysis

Statistical Analysis

Oral surgery

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i64a35313

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Assessment of Dental Caries and Periodontal Disease Status among Elderly Residing in Old Age Homes of Madhya Pradesh.

PubMed (2015)

Rohit Agrawal Gautam Nr Mohan Kumar Pasupuleti R Kadhiresan  Saxena

A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the dental caries and periodontal disease status of elderly residing in old age homes of Madhya Pradesh, India.The study was carried out on 599 elderly people residing in old age homes of Madhya Pradesh, India using cluster sampling methodology. The clinical findings were recorded using modified WHO Oral Health Assessment form (1997) to assess periodontal status as per community periodontal index, loss of attachment, WHO dentition status, and treatment needs.In the present study, the caries prevalence among dentate subjects was found among 41.9% of the dentate subjects and the mean decayed, missed, and filled teeth was found to be 8.28 ± 4.779 with the mean number of decayed being 1.51. In the dentate population, 0% had healthy periodontal tissue, 0.26% had bleeding, and 24.5% had calculus, 52.1% had shallow pockets and 23.1% had deep pockets as their highest score and this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). In the current study, 37.9% inmates were completely edentulous. This study also showed that as age advanced the prevalence increased from 23.1% to 55.4%. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).The oral health status of elderly people was found to be poor. Hence, it is concluded from this study that tooth loss is higher among the geriatric group residing in old age homes and is associated with many demographic and behavioral risk indicators.

Tooth loss

Age groups

Clinical attachment loss

Cross-sectional study

Geriatric dentistry

Elderly people

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Evaluation of Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus using Cytomorphometry of Buccal Cells and Correlation with Glycosylated Hemoglobin.

PubMed (2015)

Karthik Kr Malathi Narasimhan K. N Poornima Swati Prakash R Kadhiresan

To study cytological alterations in the exfoliated buccal cells of diabetic patients. To analyze the cytomorphometric findings in the smears of uncontrolled and controlled diabetic patients and compare it with that of normal healthy controls. To establish a correlation between cytomorphometric changes and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in diabetics and normal controls, for evaluation of glycemic control.The study was carried out in 40 confirmed diabetic patients from a hospital out-patient diabetic ward and 20 healthy individuals as controls (Group A: n = 20), in Chennai. Specific exclusion criteria were used to select the study group from a larger group of subjects. Based on HbA1c values, the diabetic patients were categorized into Group B = Controlled diabetics (n = 20) (HbA1c <7%) and Group C = Uncontrolled diabetics (n = 20) (HbA1c >9%). After informed consent, buccal smear was collected from clinically normal appearing mucosa and stained with papanicoloau (PAP) stain. Cytomorphometric analysis of selective PAP stained cells was done using image analysis software, Image Pro Plus 5.5 (Olympus) and parameters determined were average cytoplasmic area (CA), average nuclear area (NA) and cytoplasmic:nuclear (C: N) ratio for an average of 50 cells/patient.Comparing the average NA among three groups, an increase through Group A, B, C, with a maximum significance between Group C and A was seen. The average C: N ratio showed a statistically significant difference between all three groups. Significant correlation existed between the HbA1c values and both the C: N ratio and average NA in all the three groups.Cytomorphometric analysis of buccal smears using the C: N ratio alteration as a reliable criteria, may serve as yet another non-invasive tool for screening programs for diabetic detection. And the technique may possibly be used also for evaluation of glycemic control in known diabetics.

Glycated hemoglobin

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“GINGIVAL CREVICULAR FLUID AS A BIOMARKER OF PERIODONTAL DISEASE”- A NARRATIVE REVIEW

Journal of Indian Dental Association Madras (2021)

M Indumathi Shanmuga Priya R Sabitha Sudarsan Arun Mozhi U R Kadhiresan

Periodontitis is one of the most common oral diseases in the world. Periodontitis when diagnosed early have the better prognosis for the individual to save the tooth. Diagnostic markers are useful to indicate the presence of a disease process before excessive clinical damage occurs. One such main source of biomarker is gingival crevicular fluid. This review article deals with Gingival crevicular fluid(GCF) as a source of biomarkers for periodontal disease progression and severity which helps in diagnosis and prognosis in the field of Periodontology and also details about available various chairside diagnostic kits for the biomarkers. KEYWORDS: Biomarkers, Gingival crevicular Fluid, Periodontal Disease

Narrative review

10.37841/jidam_2021_v8_i2_04

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A case report of plaque-induced gingival enlargement - unlike the ordinary

Archives of Dental Research (2023)

Raaja Sreepathy CS D Lekha Alanija C Vikram Arunmozhi Ulaganathan R. Shanmugapriya

Gingival enlargements are one of the most common conditions affecting the periodontium. These enlargements occur due to a variety of factors, like plaque accumulation, hormonal changes, or systemic drug influence. Improper oral hygiene and microbial dysbiosis predispose an individual to plaque-induced gingival enlargement. The treatment strategy involves thorough oral prophylaxis and stringent oral hygiene maintenance. Described here is a case report of plaque-induced gingival enlargement, which has been managed with complete non-surgical and localized surgical periodontal therapy. The therapeutic intervention significantly reduced clinical parameters like bleeding on probing and periodontal pocket depth.

Gingival enlargement

Periodontium

Dental plaque

10.18231/j.adr.2023.024

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A Case Report of Periodontal Regeneration in Failing Tooth by Single Flap Approach Using Sticky Bone and Platelet-rich Fibrin Membrane

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH (2024)

Lekha Alanija Raaja Sreepathy Chandran Selvaraj R Kadhiresan Arunmozhi Ulaganathan Arockiya Antony Praveen

Periodontal regeneration aims to regenerate the diseased or lost periodontium. Regenerative periodontal therapy utilises growth factors, autogenous soft and hard tissue grafts for the purpose of regeneration. Platelet-rich Fibrin (PRF) is an autologous biomaterial which works on the principle of centrifugation. The injectable PRF (i-PRF) that is formed when centrifuged at low Revolutions Per Minute (RPM) produces an excellent matrix when mixed with bone graft called “sticky bone”. Sticky bone possesses the property of mouldability along with its inherent potential of bone formation. The PRF matrix also enhances the wound healing through the release of various growth factors. PRF membranes which are obtained at higher centrifugation levels also act as a substitute to augment the soft-tissues. The present case is that of a 45-year-old male, who underwent a one-year follow-up for the management of endodontic periodontal lesion in the lower left first molar with sticky bone and PRF membrane by single flap approach. The patient was periodically reviewed clinically and radiographically and prosthetic restoration was given on accessing the radiographic bone fill after six months. After six months there was a significant difference in the radiographic bone fill, along with the reduction in the probing pocket depth from 7 mm to 4 mm and clinical attachment from 9 mm to 7 mm. The results indicate that sticky bone and PRF membrane serves as a predictable source for the management of intrabony defects.

Platelet-rich fibrin

10.7860/jcdr/2024/68110.19304

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Study of Orthophosphate, Pyrophosphate, Pyrophosphatase and citric Acid in Saliva With Reference to calculus Formation and inhibition

Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development (2019)

Rathinavelu Ganesan James Prabhanand Bhaskar R Kadhiresan Arunmozhi Ulaganathan Mohan Valiathan

10.5958/0976-5506.2019.02483.5

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Citations (1)

Estimation of TNF-α Levels in Saliva and Serum of Patients with Periodontal Health and Chronic Periodontitis: A Case-control Study.

PubMed (2020)

R Kadhiresan Arunmozhi Ulaganathan R. Shanmugapriya Rathinavelu Ganesan Parthiban Saket

The aim of this case-control study is to estimate the circulatory levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in saliva and serum of patients with chronic periodontitis and periodontally healthy subjects.Forty-four patients were screened, and based on biofilm-gingival interface (BGI) index, they were grouped into group I healthy periodontium [BGI-H (20)] and group II periodontitis [BGI-P3 (24)]. Venous blood and salivary samples were collected and analyzed using solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Independent sample t test was performed to determine the association.Overall, there were differences in both the saliva and the serum TNF-α levels in healthy and periodontitis subjects. The average serum TNF-α concentration in group I healthy subjects was 23.12 pg/mL and in group II periodontitis was 24.06 pg/mL. In the saliva, the mean TNF-α level in group I healthy subjects was 45.69 pg/mL and in group II diseased subjects was 46.58 pg/mL. However, the values were not statistically significant (p > 0.05).Circulatory and salivary TNF-α levels were found in detectable quantities. They showed a marginal increase in chronic periodontitis patients when compared with normal healthy patients in the absence of systemic diseases. Further studies are required in a large scale and with different methodologies to substantiate the role of TNF-α in the progression of periodontal diseases.Clinical significance of this study is to analyze the TNF-α levels in saliva and serum, which may be the aggravating factor in causing periodontal disease, thereby helping to treat periodontitis.

Periodontium

Clinical Significance

Venous blood

Aggressive periodontitis

Clinical attachment loss

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A NOVEL TENT POLE TECHNIQUE FOR HARD TISSUE AUGMENTATION AROUND DEFICIENT ALVEOLAR RIDGES – A NARRATIVE REVIEW

Journal of Indian Dental Association Madras (2021)

Arun Kumar J R Kadhiresan U Arunmozhi Shanmuga Priya Jenifer Cynthia

Consequences of missing teeth which involves impairment in esthetic and masticatory functions. Replacement of missing teeth using either removable or fixed prosthesis will require a adequate bone support. Due to various causes such as dental caries, periodontitis, trauma which leads to extraction of teeth. Naturally the alveolar bone is maintained by the presence of teeth that it retains. After extraction, the alveolar bone resorption occurs both in height and width of the residual ridge which is inevitable. In patients with insufficient bone height and width, the placement of dental implants in an ideal position is very difficult. It is necessary to restore the alveolar ridge anatomy for successfully placing implants. Various surgical techniques have been introduced to augment the lost bone and one of such technique is Tent Pole technique. KEY WORDS: Guided bone regeneration, Ridge augmentation, Tent pole technique

Alveolar ridge

10.37841/jidam_2021_v8_i4_04

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