Deng Xiao-ping put forward a famous theory of socialist nature in 1992,changing the way of Marxist classical writer who used to describe socialism from the angle of characteristics.He answered what socialism is from the side of nature.His theory contains the following connotations: socialism is a long history period when the productive force develops continuously;and the proportion of public ownership increases step by step and the gap between the rich and the poor reduces gradually;There isn′t a fixed model for socialist development owing to different conditions in different countries and different developing stage.The final target of socialism is that all the people become rich.Interpreting his theory is good for us to comprehend what the socialism is and how to build up socialism.
By means of literature,this paper analyzed the effect of Olympic Movement and Olym- pic Games on the value of college students and put forward the effect as follows:1)The effect of Olympic Spirit on college students.2)The effect of Olympic Games and Humanistic Olympic on college students.3)The effect of taking Olympic Movement on the physical and psychological health of college students.4)The effect of Olympic on the country devotion.
Automatic building change detection at different periods is very important for city monitoring, disaster assessment, map updating, etc. Some existing data sources could be used in this task such as 3D geometry model (e.g. Digital Surface Model, Geographic Information System) and radiometric images from satellites or special aircrafts. However, it is too expensive for timely change detection by using these above methods. With the rapid development of UAV technique, capturing the city building images with high resolution camera at a low altitude becomes cheaper and cheaper. Using these easily acquired aerial images, we proposed a novel change detection framework based on RGB-D map generated by 3D reconstruction, which can overcome the large illumination changes. Firstly, an image-based 3D reconstruction is applied to retrieve two point clouds and related camera poses from two aerial image sets captured at different periods. Then an RGB-D map could be generated from each 3D model, followed by a 2D-3D registration procedure to align the two reconstructed 3D point clouds together. At last, a difference depth map could be generated and from which we can use random forest classification and component connectivity analysis techniques to segment the changed building areas out. Experimental results have illustrated the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed framework.
ABSTRACT The dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC) turnover are significantly modulated by the supply of essential nutrients, with particular emphasis on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). For the typical desert steppe, the responses of soil carbon (C) turnover to the addition of N and P and the underlying mechanism remain elusive. This study applied N and P fertilization for 2 years and probed the impacts of N and P on the composition of the microbial community, as well as their effects on the cumulative mineralization of SOC ( C min ) in desert steppe. The results showed that the addition of N and P enhanced SOC levels, with a more pronounced increase in the recalcitrant C pool compared to the labile C pool. The C min was decreased by 23.2% and 20.4% under N and P additions. The N effect in conjunction with P addition and the P effect in conjunction with N addition caused increases in the C min . The addition of N and P differently influenced the composition and structure of the microbial community by altering microbial preferences. The addition of N markedly reduced the abundance of microbial C cycling genes, which encompassed those pivotal for C fixation, C degradation, and methane metabolism. The addition of N alone resulted in a reduction of SOC mineralization, causing the largest increases in the recalcitrant C pool and the total SOC pool, as compared to the addition of P and the combined input of N and P. These findings extend our understanding of the response mechanism of soil C mineralization with N and P enrichment. Overall, the addition of N independently augments the soil's capacity as a C reservoir, thereby facilitating greater C sequestration in desert steppes.
The rapid adoption of next-generation sequencing in clinical oncology has enabled detection of molecular biomarkers which are shared between multiple tumour types. Intra-tumour heterogeneity is a mechanism of therapeutic resistance and therefore an important clinical challenge. However, the tumour-related copy number variants (CNVs), as key regulators of cancer origination, development, and progression, across various types of cancers are poorly understood.We performed pan-cancer CNV analysis of cancer-related genes in 15 types of cancers including 1438 cancerous patients by next-generation sequencing using a commercially available pan-cancer panel (Onco PanScan™). Downstream bioinformatics analysis was performed in order to detect CNVs, cluster analysis of the found CNVs, and comparison of the frequency of gained CNVs between different types of cancers. LASSO analysis was used for identification of the most important CNVs.We also identified 523 CNVs among which 16 CNVs were common while 22 CNVs were caner-specific CNVs. Meanwhile, FAM58A was most commonly found in all studied cancers in this study and significant differences were found in FAM58A between female and male patients (p = .001). Common CNVs, such as FOXA1, NFKBIA, HEY1, MECOM, CHD7, AGO2, were mutated in 6.79%, 8.45%, 7.51%, 6.43%, 7.59%, 8.16% of tumours, while most of these mutations have proven roles in positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter. 11 features including sex, DIS3, EPHB1, ERBB2, FLT1, HCK, KEAP1, MYD88, PARP3, TBX3, and TOP2A were found as the key features for classification of cancers using CNVs.The 16 common CNVs between cancers can be used to identify the target of pan-cancer drug design and targeted therapies. Additionally, 22 caner-specific CNVs can be used as unique diagnostic markers for each cancer type.
Wetlands contain a large proportion of carbon (C) in the biosphere and partly affect climate by regulating C cycles of terrestrial ecosystems. China contains Asia's largest wetlands, accounting for about 10% of the global wetland area. Although previous studies attempted to estimate C budget in China's wetlands, uncertainties remain. We conducted a synthesis to estimate C uptake and emission of wetland ecosystems in China using a dataset compiled from published literature. The dataset comprised 193 studies, including 370 sites representing coastal, river, lake and marsh wetlands across China. In addition, C stocks of different wetlands in China were estimated using unbiased data from the China Second Wetlands Survey. The results showed that China's wetlands sequestered 16.87 Pg C (315.76 Mg C/ha), accounting for about 3.8% of C stocks in global wetlands. Net ecosystem productivity, jointly determined by gross primary productivity and ecosystem respiration, exhibited annual C sequestration of 120.23 Tg C. China's wetlands had a total gaseous C loss of 173.20 Tg C per year from soils, including 154.26 Tg CO2 -C and 18.94 Tg CH4 -C emissions. Moreover, C stocks, uptakes and gaseous losses varied with wetland types, and were affected by geographic location and climatic factors (precipitation and temperature). Our results provide better estimation of the C budget in China's wetlands and improve understanding of their contribution to the global C cycle in the context of global climate change.
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