Zlata Kralik

University of Osijek

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Gordana Kralik

University of Osijek

Manuela Grčević

University of Osijek

Danica Hanžek

University of Osijek

Igor Kralik

University of Osijek

Gordana Kralik

University of Osijek

ZŠ

Zoran Škrtić

University of Osijek

Ines Drenjančević

University of Osijek

Olivera Galović

University of Osijek

Manuela Košević

University of Osijek

ŽR

Žarko Radišić

University of Osijek

Cooperative Institutions

University of Osijek

University of Zagreb

Agricultural Institute Osijek

Klinički bolnički centar Osijek

University of Jos

Zdravstveni centar

University Hospital Centre Zagreb

United States Department of Agriculture

Hrvatski zavod za javno zdravstvo

Polytechnic Lavoslav Ružička Vukovar

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Mogućnost korištenja selenom biofortificiranog kukuruza u hrani kokoši nesilica

Krmiva (2018)

Zlata Kralik Irena Išasegi

Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi utjecaj korištenja različitih razina selenom biofortificiranog kukuruza u krmnim smjesama za nesilice na kvalitetu jaja i povećanje sadržaja selena u jajima. Pokusno razdoblje trajalo je 4 mjeseca. U pokusu je korišteno 45 kokoši pasmine hrvatica (crveni soj), a bile su podijeljene u tri skupine (A, C i D). Kokoši skupine A predstavljale su kontrolnu skupinu i konzumirale su krmne smjese komercijalnog sastava, dok su skupine nesilica C i D konzumirale smjese sa selenom biofortificiranim kukuruzom na dvije razine (niža i viša razina selena; 0,2 mg/kg i 0,4 mg/kg krmne smjese). Analizom rezultata utvrđeno je da kukuruz biofortificiran nižom razinom selena u smjesama za nesilice može zamijeniti selen koji se dodaje u premiks. Korištenjem kukuruza biofortificiranog višom razinom selena u hrani kokoši pasmine hrvatica statistički se značajno povećava sadržaj selena u jestivom dijelu jaja (P<0,001), te se pozitivno djeluje na pokazatelje kvalitete jaja (HJ, visinu bjelanjaka, boju žumanjaka, pH bjelanjaka i pH žumanjaka; P<0,05).

10.33128/k.60.1.5

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Karakteristike potrošnje mlijeka kod mlade populacije

Jelena Kristić Jadranka Deže Zlata Kralik Sanja Jelić Milković Ana Crnčan

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Effect of omega-3 enriched food on oxidative stress levels in young healthy men

Lidija Rašić Anita Ćosić Zlata Kralik Gordana Kralik Ana Čavka

Many studies have shown effect of omega-3 fatty acid pills on lipid profile, but there are no or quite few studies showing the effect of everyday food enriched with omega-3 fatty acids on lipid profile and other cardiovascular risk factors. This study aimed to determine the effect of omega-3 enriched food consumation on oxidative stress in young healthy men. 20 young healthy men (age 20.8 ± 1.2) were recruited and included in protocol. Protocol consisted of 3 weeks of consuming chicken eggs, 3 eggs per day. 10 men in omega group (OG) consumed omega-3 enriched chicken eggs (omega-3 content 155, 72 mg per egg), and 10 men in control group (CG) consumed regular chicken eggs. Chicken omega eggs were produced by changing the diet of laying hens. Data collection was performed on the first and last day of the protocol. Oxidative stress was asessed measuring lipid peroxidation. Lipid peroxidation was measured by TBARS method (Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances) in the collected blood samples. The study protocol and procedures conformed to the standards set by the latest revision of the Declaration of Helsinki and were approved by the Ethical Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Osijek. Statistical analysis was performed using Wilcoxon Signed Rank test, P < 0.05 (SigmaPlot v11.2, Systat Software, Chicago, USA). The results have shown statistically significant decrease in lipid peroxidation in OG after protocol compared to the values before protocol (TBARS, OG before protocol 0.051 ± 0.02 vs. after protocol 0.54 ± 0.03). No significant changes were detected in CG after protocol (TBARS, CG before protocol 0.051 ± 0.05 vs. after protocol 0.49 ± 0.1). This study showed the improving effect of omega-3 enriched food on the lipid peroxidation, which leads to the reduction of the levels of oxidative stress in young healthy population. This may be important indicator of the role of omega-3 enriched food in cardiovascular prevention.

TBARS

Thiobarbituric acid

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Carnosine-enriched functional food enhances micro- and macrovascular endothelium-independent vasodilation in competitive athletes – a randomized study

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism (2025)

Leon Perić Ines Drenjančević Ivana Jukić Alina Boris Petar Šušnjara

This randomized interventional study aimed to investigate the effect of carnosine-enriched chicken meat consumption on systemic endothelium-dependent and -independent micro- and macrovascular reactivity in thirty-five healthy competitive male athletes. Both forearm skin micro- and macrovascular endothelium-independent vasodilation were increased, and diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure (BP) were decreased in Carnosine group (n=19) following the 3-week dietary protocol. Microvascular endothelium-dependent response (PORH) was increased in the Carnosine group and significantly associated with decreased mean arterial BP level. Following dietary protocol, Controls (n =16) had substantially higher urate (but still normal) levels than the Carnosine group. Carnosine supplementation in the form of functional food enhances endothelium-dependent and vascular smooth muscle-dependent vasodilation in peripheral micro- and microcirculation. Carnosine's effect on vascular endothelium could be attributed to its blood pressure-lowering effect. Results suggest that carnosine has the potential to resist hyperuricemia in healthy individuals. (NCT05723939)

Carnosine

Brachial artery

10.1139/apnm-2024-0458

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Utjecaj genotipa pilića i vrste mišićnog tkiva na sadržaj karnozina i anserina

Krmiva (2023)

Zlata Kralik Manuela Košević Žarko Radišić Kristina Gvozdanović Olivera Galović

Karnozin (β-alanil-L-histidin) i anserin (β-alanil-1-metil-L-histidin) su dipeptidi koji imaju značajnu ulogu u fiziološkim funkcijama kod ljudi. Prisutni su u skeletnim mišićima i moždanom tkivu mnogih kralježnjaka. Dizajniranjem krmnih smjesa s povećanim sadržajem aminokiselina L-histidina i β-alanina njihova se koncentracija u mesu tovnih pilića može povećati. Cilj ovog rada bio je ispitati utjecaj genotipa brojlera i vrste mišićnog tkiva na boju mesa i sadržaj karnozina i anserina. Istraživanje je obavljeno na pilićima genotipova Cobb 500 i Ross 308. Ukupno je utovljeno 400 pilića, podijeljenih u dvije pokusne skupine (200 komada Cobb 500 i 200 komada Ross 308). Tov je trajao 42 dana. U tovu su korištene tri komercijalne krmne smjese, starter (21,02 % proteina, do 21. dana), grover (19 % proteina, od 22.-35. dana) i finišer (18,05 % proteina od 36. do 42. dana tova). Nakon klanja i obrade trupova izmjerena je boja mesa prsa i zabataka (CIE L *, CIE a *, CIE b *). Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da vrsta mišićnog tkiva ima statistički značajan utjecaj na boju mesa (P<0,05), dok genotip ima utjecaja samo na CIE b* vrijednost (P<0,001). Rezultati analize sadržaja karnozina i anserina u uzorcima mesa prsa i zabataka pokazuju da genotip nema utjecaj na sadržaj navedenih dipeptida u mesu (P>0,05), dok vrsta mišićnog tkiva ima značajan utjecaj (P<0,001) na njihovo deponiranje. Ustanovljen je značajno veći sadržaj karnozina (P<0,05) i anserina (P<0,001) u mesu prsa u odnosu na meso zabataka kod oba genotipa pilića.

10.33128/k.64.2.1

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Consumption of Nutritionally Enriched Hen Eggs Enhances Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation via Cyclooxygenase Metabolites in Healthy Young People—A Randomized Study

Nutrients (2023)

Petar Šušnjara Zrinka Mihaljević Ana Stupin Nikolina Kolobarić Anita Matić

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of enriched hen egg consumption on endothelium-dependent vasodilation (EDV) and the role of cyclooxygenases in EDV in the microcirculation of young healthy individuals. This study hypothesizes that Nutri4 eggs will improve endothelial function, which will be manifested by changes in microcirculatory flow measured by a laser Doppler flowmeter (LDF) during reactive hyperemia in response to vascular occlusion, in which n-3 PUFA plays an important role as well as its degradation pathway by cyclooxygenases. Materials and Methods: Participants consumed three eggs per day for three weeks: The control group (CTRL, n = 14) consumed regular hen eggs (approximately 0.330 mg of lutein, 1.785 mg of vitamin E, 0.054 mg of selenium and 438 mg of n-3 PUFAs daily) and Nutri4 group (n = 20) consumed enriched eggs (approximately 1.85 mg of lutein, 0.06 mg of selenium, 3.29 mg of vitamin E, and 1026 mg of n-3 PUFAs daily). Skin microvascular blood flow in response to EDV (post-occlusive reactive hyperemia (PORH) and iontophoresis of acetylcholine (AChID)) and sodium nitroprusside (SNPID; endothelium-independent) was assessed by laser Doppler flowmetry before and after dietary protocol and in a separate group of participants who were administered perorally 100 mg of indomethacin before microvascular response assessment. Arterial blood pressure, heart rate, serum lipid, and liver enzymes, anthropometric measurements, protein expression of cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), neuronal nitric oxide synthases (nNOS), inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS), and endothelial nitric oxide synthases (eNOS) were measured before and after dietary protocol. Results: PORH and AChID were significantly enhanced, and SNPID remained unchanged in the Nutri4 group, while none was changed in the CTRL following a respective diet. PORH decreased after administration of indomethacin in Nutri4 after dietary protocol. Protein expression of COX-2 was significantly higher in the Nutri4 group compared to the CTRL after the dietary protocol. Conclusion: Consumption of enriched eggs improves microvascular EDV in healthy young subjects. Results suggest an element of n-3 PUFAs metabolites via the cyclooxygenases pathway in enhanced reactive hyperemia.

Reactive hyperemia

Endothelial Dysfunction

Sodium nitroprusside

10.3390/nu15071599

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The prevalence of keel bone damage in laying hens in alternative and enriched cages rearing.

Zlatko Janječić Zlata Kralik Dalibor Bedeković

Keel

Laying

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KVALITETA TRUPOVA I MESA COBB 500 I HUBBARD CLASSIC BROJLERSKIH PILIĆA

Krmiva : Časopis o hranidbi životinja, proizvodnji i tehnologiji krme (2012)

Gordana Kralik Zoran Škrtić Zlata Kralik Ivona Đurkin Manuela Grčević

CobB

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Utjecaj hranidbe na kvalitetu i obogaćivanje jaja funkcionalnim sastojcima

Meso (2018)

Zlata Kralik Matea Lovreković

Auswirkung der Fütterung auf die Qualität und anreicherung von Eiern mit funktionalen bestandteilen Eier stellen eine wertvolle Quelle von Proteinen, Fetten und Mikronährstoffen dar, die in der menschlichen Ernährung eine bedeutende Rolle spielen. Die Produktion und der Verbrauch von Eiern sind in den letzten Jahrzehnten weltweit gestiegen. Lange Zeit wurde der Eierkonsum mit ungünstigen Auswirkungen auf die menschliche Gesundheit in Verbindung gebracht, vorwiegend wegen seines Cholesteringehalts. Heutzutage ist aber bekannt, dass sich andere Faktoren (genetische Prädisposition, hormoneller Status, Ernährung, usw.) mehr auf die Cholesterinwerte im Serum auswirken als das Cholesterin aus Eiern. Lebensmittel, die heutzutage täglich verbraucht werden, dienen nicht nur dazu, den Körper mit den notwendigen Nährstoffen zu versorgen, sondern der Vorbeugung von Krankheiten, die mit der Ernährung in Verbindung gebracht werden (besserer immunologischer Status, geringeres Risiko für Herz- und Gefäßkrankheiten, Aufrechterhaltung des Sehvermögens, usw.). Anhand einer speziellen Technologie bei der Produktion von Konsumeiern besteht die Möglichkeit, den Anteil bestimmter Bestandteile wie Omega-3-Fettsäuren, Selen, Lutein, Zeaxanthin, Vitamin E und Vitamin A zu erhöhen. In dieser Arbeit wird ein kurzer Überblick über den Einfluss der Technologie bei der Produktion von Konsumeiern (Fütterung von Legehennen) auf die Qualität von Eiern und ihre Anreicherung mit funktionalen Bestandteilen dargestellt.

10.31727/m.20.1.2

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Effects of β-Alanine Dietary Supplementation on Concentration of Carnosine and Quality of Broiler Muscle Tissue

The Journal of Poultry Science (2013)

Gordana Kralik Milan Sak‐Bosnar Zlata Kralik Olivera Galović

The research was carried out on 75 Cobb 500 broilers, which were divided into three groups. During the last three weeks of fattening broilers were fed finisher diets supplemented with β-alanine (P1=control group, P2=0.5% β-alanine and P3=1% β-alanine). The research objective was to evaluate effects of β-alanine supplemented to designed broiler diets on the quality of broiler muscle tissue and concentration of carnosine. After slaughtering, the following traits of muscle tissue quality were measured: initial and final pH value (measured 45 minutes after slaughtering pH1, and 24 hours after cooling pH2), drip loss, color (Minolta colorimeter, expressed as CIE L*, CIE a* and CIE b* values), softness of meat and cooking loss. Samples of breast and thigh muscle tissue were used for determination of moisture, fat, protein, collagen and carnosine. Intensity of lipid oxidation (TBARS) was determined in breast muscle tissue. Statistical analysis proved that supplementation of 1% β-alanine to broiler diets significantly lowered portion of collagen in thigh muscle tissue (P1=1.28% compared to P3=1.06%), while it increased cooking loss in breast muscle tissue (P1=24.23% compared to P3=33.29%). Supplementation of β-alanine to diets (0.5% or 1%) affected more intensive a* color in breast muscle tissue (P1=1.78 compared to P2=2.88 and P3=2.82). Analysis of results referring to concentration of carnosine in broiler tissue showed that supplementation of 1% of β-alanine increased concentration of carnosine in breast muscles from 756.15 μg/g of tissue (P1) to 911.01 μg/g of tissue (P3), while thigh muscle tissue exhibited significantly higher concentration of carnosine already within dietary supplementation of 0.5% of β-alanine (P1=371.78 μg/g of tissue compared to P2=540.29 μg/g of tissue and P3=526.83 μg/g of tissue; P<0.05). Feeding treatments and time of meat storage had no effect on TBARS values.

Carnosine

Muscle tissue

Alanine

Leg muscle

TBARS

Chicken breast

10.2141/jpsa.0130047

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