Tepung terigu yang asalnya dari gandum merupakan salah satu bahan dasar pada pembuatan mi. Selama ini kebutuhan gandum Indonesia dipenuhi melalui impor. Pemanfaatan pangan lokal non terigu seperti bengkuang (Pachyrrhizus erosus) sebagai bahan campuran dalam pembuatan mi dapat dilakukan untuk menurunkan impor gandum. Dengan menggunakan uji sensori dan uji proksimat, akan didapat karakteristik mi instan yang disubstitusi dengan tepung bengkuang. Perlakuan dalam penelitian ini adalah penggantian tepung terigu dengan tepung bengkuang 10 %, 15 %, 20 % dan 25 %. Berdasarkan pengujian sensori yang telah dilakukan, penggantian tepung terigu dengan tepung bengkuang memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap tekstur, aroma, warna, rasa dan kenampakan. Mi yang disubstitusi dengan tepung bengkuang sebanyak 15 % merupakan perlakuan terbaik, dengan penilaian panelis terhadap aroma 3,92 (agak suka), warna 4,76 (suka), rasa 4,04 (agak suka), tekstur 4,08 (agak suka), dan kenampakan 4,2 (agak suka). Mi yang disubstitusi dengan tepung bengkuang 15 % memiliki kadar air 8,03 %, kadar protein 16,98 %, kadar lemak 30,05 %, kadar abu 1,09 % dan kadar karbohidrat 43,84. Berdasarkan SNI 3551-2018, mi yang dihasilkan sudah memenuhi standar mutu
Background: Stunting is an indicator of chronic nutritional problem among children under five years old that influenced by nutrition and health status of mothers not only before and during prenancy but also after delivery. One of the long-term effects of stunting is increasing the risk of obesity and other non-communicable diseases. Low birth weight is one of the causes of stunting which also indicates that the fetus has been malnourished during the womb and stunting is a manifestation of malnutrition for a long time.
Objectives: This study aimed to determine of the association between low birth weight and stunting, as well as other variables among children between the ages of 6 to 59 months.
Methods: This study used cross sectional design. Samples consisted of about 188 eligible children between the ages of 6 to 59 months which selected using simple random sampling technique. Data of the mother’s, infants and environmental characteristics were obtained through face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire. Data on birth weight and length were obtained from interviews and crosscheck from the Maternal and Child Health book or child birth records and data on stunting obtained from height Z-score based on age. Data was analyzed using chi-square and logistic regression test.
Results: The prevalence of stunting and low birth weight among children between the ages of 6 to 59 months in Seberang Ulu I sub-district of Palembang was 39.4% and 8.5%, respectively. Birth weight was related to stunting (95% CI=1.28-2.76; p=0.012)and other variables like infectious diseases in the last 1 month (95% CI=1.13-2.26;p=0.009),maternal height(95% CI=1.10-2.19; p=0.016)and household monthly income (95%CI=1.04-2.28; p=0.024). Conclusion: Children with low birth weight had risk of stunting2.29 higher than children with normal weight after controlling for other factors such as child’s age, mother’s age during delivery, availability of latrine and household monthly income.
Keywords: stunting; low birth weight; children under five
This study aims to analyze the relationship between stunting and child development of aged 36-59 months in Jakarta and Papua. This study used secondary data from the 2018 Indonesia Basic Health Survey with a cross-sectional design. The target population was mothers who have toddlers aged 0-59 months in Indonesia. The sample was mothers who have toddlers aged 36-59 months in Jakarta and Papua (335 children in Jakarta and 453 children in Papua). Samples were selected using the multistage random sampling method. This study used the Chi Square Test on bivariate analysis and the Multiple Logistic Regression Test on multivariate analysis with an alpha of 5%. The results showed that there was no significant relationship between stunting and child development in Jakarta (p=0.468). Meanwhile, the results of a study in Papua showed that there was a relationship between stunting and the development of children aged 36-59 months (PR=3.078; 95% CI=1.619-5.852) after controlling for age, sex, mother's education, environmental sanitation, and infectious disease. The recommendations in this study were increasing access to environmental sanitation and health as an effort to prevent stunting and developmental delays in children. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan antara stunting dan perkembangan anak usia 36-59 bulan di Jakarta dan Papua. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2018 dengan desain cross-sectional. Populasi target adalah ibu yang memiliki balita usia 0-59 bulan di Indonesia. Sampel adalah ibu yang memiliki balita usia 36-59 bulan di Jakarta dan Papua dengan jumlah 335 anak di Jakarta dan 453 anak di Papua. Pemilihan sampel dengan teknik multistage random sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan Uji Chi-Square pada analisis bivariat dan Uji Regresi Logistik Ganda pada analisis multivariat dengan alpha 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara stunting dan perkembangan anak di Jakarta (p=0,468). Sementara itu, hasil penelitian di Papua menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara stunting dan perkembangan anak usia 36-59 bulan (PR=3,078; 95% CI=1,619-5,852). Hal itu didapatkan setelah dikontrol oleh umur, jenis kelamin, pendidikan ibu, sanitasi lingkungan, dan penyakit infeksi. Rekomendasi dalam penelitian ini yakni peningkatan akses sanitasi lingkungan dan kesehatan sebagai upaya pencegahan stunting dan keterlambatan perkembangan pada anak.
Hipertensi merupakan suatu peningkatan tekanan darah dalam arteri. Hipertensi didefinisikan sebagai tekanan darah persisten dengan tekanan darah sistolik diatas 140 mmHg dan tekanan diastolik diatas 90 mmHg. Seiring dengan bertambahnya usia, hamper setiap orang mengalami kenaikan tekanan darah. Tekanan sistol akan terus meningkat sampai usia 80 tahun dan tekanan diastole terus meningkat sampai usia 55 sampai 60 tahun. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan kebiasaan merokok dengan kejadian hipertensi pada laki-laki usia lebih dari 40 tahun di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kampar Kiri. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kampar Kiri pada bulan Januari 2021. Metode penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian berjumlah 159 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel secara accidental sampling didapatkan sampel sebanyak 61 responden. Pengolahan data dilakukan secara komputerisasi menggunakan program SPSS dengan analisa Univariat dan Bivariat, uji statistik yang dipakai adalah analisis Chi Square. Hasil analisis Univariat dengan distribusi frekuensi menunjukkan variabel merokok 88,5% yang merokok, dan variabel kejadian hipertensi 85,2% yang mengalami hipertensi. Hasil analisis Bivariat dengan Chi Square menunjukkan variabel merokok (p=0,000) berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kejadian hipertensi. Variabel merokok merupakan faktor yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap kejadian hipertensi di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kampar Kiri. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan adanya peningkatan promosi dan penyuluhan, peningkatan kerjasam/ kemitraan antara petugas dengan lintas program dan lintas sektor di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kampar Kiri.
Air Susu Ibu (ASI) eksklusif merupakan salah satu makanan yang sangat penting bagi bayi guna mendukung proses pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang optimal selama 6 bulan pertama. Namun, kurang dari 70% bayi yang mendapatkan ASI eksklusif di Kota Palembang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai pola pertambahan berat badan pada bayi yang menyusui eksklusif dan non-eksklusif. cross sectional design digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Sampel penelitian ini adalah ibu yang mempunyai bayi yang berusia 7-12 bulan di Kecamatan Seberang Ulu I Kota Palembang. Kriteria inklusi sampel adalah anak terakhir/anak pertama, memiliki berat lahir lebih dari 2500 gram, ibu bersedia menjadi responden dan bayi dengan kelahiran kembar dan prematur menjadi kriteria eksklusi. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling. Independent T-Test menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan rata-rata pertambahan berat badan pada bayi yang menyusui eksklusif dibandingkan non-eksklusif (Mean Difference: 433,63 gram; 95%CI: 27,8 - 839,4 gram). Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah bayi yang menyusui eksklusif memiliki rata-rata pertambahan berat badan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan bayi yang menyusui non-eksklusif. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan dukungan dari suami dalam memberikan motivasi bagi ibu untuk dapat menyusui eksklusif sampai 6 bulan.
Abstract Background The coexisting of transposition of the great arteries (TGA) with total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) is one of the rare anomalies. The incidence of coexisting TAPVC and TGA is unknown with very few cases ever reported. Case presentation We reported a case of a 13-month-old female toddler with history of cyanosis. Echocardiography revealed atrioventricular ambiguity with pulmonary atresia, all PVs drain into the innominate vein via vertical vein (VV), ostium secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) and ventricular septal defect (VSD) were observed. The CT scan confirmed co-occurrence of TGA and TAPVC. All four confluence PVs behind the small left atrium (LA), drains into an ascending lateral large VV, coursing to innominate vein without any PV access into LA. The superior vena cava, right atrium and right ventricle (RV) were dilated. The RV is the origin of the aortic root. The aorta continues on the right side, with an arterial connection to the right pulmonary aberrant artery at the level of the aortic arch. Main pulmonary artery originates from LV and appears atretic with only connection to the left pulmonary artery. Large ASD and VSD were identified. Conclusions TGA and TAPVC are a rare combination and should be suspected in mild-cyanotic cases with levocardia with situs solitus. CT angiography is one of the modalities of choice to characterize the vasculature anomalies.
Exclusive breastfeeding is one of the successful indicators in improving the health of babies. From 2013 until 2014, the practice of exclusive breastfeeding has decreased in Indonesia and has not reached the national targets of around 80% of babies being exclusively breastfed. This study aimed to identify the prevalence and determinants of exclusive breastfeeding in Seberang Ulu I, Palembang. A community-based cross sectional study was executed from July 5, 2016 to August 5, 2016 among mothers who had infants aged less than six months. A purposive sampling technique was used to select a sample of 125 participants. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire by the face-to-face interview technique. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to determine factors associated with the practice of breastfeeding exclusively and to control confounding effects. The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding was 26.4% (95% CI: 20.0%-35.1%). After adjusting for confounders (mothers’ attitudes and health workers’ support), mothers who had good knowledge were 11.66 times more likely to breastfeed exclusively than those who had poor knowledge (AOR: 11.66, 95% CI: 3.07-44.31). The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in Seberang Ulu I, Palembang, was still very low and has not reached the national target. The recommendation is to maximize the role of health workers in providing information about exclusive breastfeeding, so that they can continue providing motivation for mothers, husbands and families, so that the success and sustainability of exclusive breastfeeding practices could be achieved.
Keywords: Mother’s knowledge, mother’s attitude, health workers support, exclusive breastfeeding
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