A case is reported of a neurilemmoma which arose in the right infratemporal fossa of a 23-year-old male. A benign tumour was suspected when bowing of the posterior maxillary antral wall was observed on CT.
Some lesions in the maxillary sinus may be adequately detected by panoramic radiography. The present study was designed to evaluate the ability of panoramic radiography in detecting experimental bony defects in the posterior wall of the maxillary sinus by comparison with Waters' projection and CT. Bony defects in the mediosuperior and medioinferior regions of the posterior wall were readily detected by panoramic radiography, but those in the laterosuperior or centre were not. It is concluded that there are limitations to the detection of bony defects in the posterior wall of the maxillary sinus by panoramic radiography alone. It is recommended that this technique should not be used for the detection of small osteolytic lesions in the maxillary sinus.
Sooiety一 726 一 九 州 歯 会 誌 第 53 巻 第 6号 1999and trained thern to be experts in dental hea 薑 th education ． From the results of our investigation into their diet， we proposed food and nutrition guidelines ． This program has been carried out by house wives in cooperation with the mother volunteer group of villagers ． Also we built toilets in local primary schools and pormoted a health education program for them ， As a result of our wark done for 10years ， se 且 f reliance programs for dental health has been established by their own association with our cooperation ． 9
The radiographic examination of the maxillary sinus is usually accomplished by the Waters' projection. However, some lesions, such as the mucous retention cyst, postoperative maxillary cyst and maxillary sinus carcinoma, as well as some lesions extending into the maxillary sinus, may be shown by panoramic radiography. The present study was conducted to confirm the ability of panoramic radiography in the detection of maxillary sinus disease. The representation of a globular radiopaque mass at different locations in the maxillary sinus of a dry skull was compared in Waters' and panoramic projections. A mass with a diameter of 10 mm situated on the posterior wall or floor of the maxillary sinus was shown better by panoramic radiography. The Waters' projection was less effective; the mass, especially on the floor of the sinus, was not clearly demonstrated due to superimposition of the maxillary molar teeth.
Apoptosis is an important and well-controlled form of self-regulated cell death that differs from necrosis. This process has been recognized to be of major importance for embryonic development, tissue homeostasis, neurodegeneration, autoimmune disease, carcinogenesis, cancer progression, and the killing of cancer cells induced by chemotherapeutic drugs. Apoptosis is induced by radiation, heat, chemical agents, anti-cancer drugs, or some kinds of divalent metals. However, the effects of cobalt on cultured cells is still obscure. The role of cobalt in induction of apoptosis in cultured cells also is not known. To determine whether divalent metal compounds can affect apoptosis in Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO cells), the effects of cobalt chloride and other metal compounds on cultured cells were examined. After reaching subconfluence, the CHO cells were exposed to varying concentrations of cobalt chloride. Cobalt chloride induced cytotoxicity and cell death in CHO cells in a dose-dependent manner up to the concentration of 1.0 mM as determined by WST-1 assay and by phase-contrast microscopy. By using the Hoechst 33342 staining, marked nuclear condensation and fragmentation of chromatin was observed in CHO cells. DNA ladder formation, a hallmark of apoptosis, also was detected in CHO cells by treatment with cobalt chloride. The induced-DNA fragmentation and DNA ladder formation were dose-dependent with maximal effect at concentrations of 0.5 mM cobalt chloride and were timedependent from 12 h to 48 h. Cobalt chloride also induced apoptosis in another human cell lines, MG63 cells, Saos-2 cells, SCC-25 cells, and HSG cells. However, cobalt chloride did not induce apoptosis in mouse cell line, 3T3-L1 cells. At the same concentration, the chloride compound of the other divalent metals including zinc, iron, nickel, and manganese and copper sulfate also induced apoptosis in CHO cells. However, magnesium chloride or calcium chloride did not induce apoptosis in CHO cells. Zinc chloride prevented cobalt chloride-induced apoptosis in CHO cells in a dose-dependent fashion up to 70μM as determined by phase-contrast microscopy, WST-1 assay, Hoechst staining and DNA ladder formation in agarose gel electrophoresis. The same concentrations of zinc chloride alone did not show any apoptotic features in the treated cells. The present results show that the pathway of the apoptosis in the cultured CHO cells is regulated with cobalt chloride and other divalent metals. The cobalt-induced apoptosis is prevented with zinc treatment. These findings indicate that apoptotic steps in CHO cells are related to the production of some kinds of proteases which are regulated by cobalt and zinc.
Many kinds of incidental findings are seen in the routine dental radiology. Enostosis is one of the incidental findings in the jaw bones. According to the past reports, the incidence of enostosis ranged from a few percent to 31 percent. In this paper, the incidence, sexual diference, size, and the most common region of enostosis on panoramic radiographs of 371 cases, aged from 20 to 30, are reported. Radiological definition of enostosis is as follows : 1) Round and well-defined radiopacities locate near the root apex. 2) The teeth, which locate near the radiopacities, are vital. 3) Shows no clinical symptoms. The results were as follows : 1) The incidence of enostosis in panoramic radiographs was 15.6%. 2) There are no significant difference in frequency of lesions between male and female. 3) The size of 5-10mm lesion was predominant. Most lesions were located in the mandibular premolar region. 4. Lesions located apart from root apex were most common.
Dental radiographic and other imaging examinations have been taken at the Department of Dental Radiology, Kyushu Dental College Hospital. Plain radiography was found to be taken most frequently in the radiological examination. Not only tomography and contrast radiography but also ultrasonography and computed tomography could be carried out recently. The aim of this survey on the imaging examinations is to clear the role and characteristics of our department at the Kyushu Dental College Hospital. Two hundred and seven thousand eight hundred and eighty-five imaging examinations, which were taken at our department from April 1, 1985 to March 31, 1995 was analyzed mainly on the examination numbers and methods. The results were as follows : 1. The number of annual patients, who visited our department during the past 10 years, increased yearly. The number of the annual imaging examinations during the same period also increased. The results obtained suggest that there was relationship between the number of outpatients and the number of imaging examinations. Examination numbers in spring and summer were larger than those of the other seasons. 2. The periapical dental radiographs were taken most frequently, and their number occupied a half of all radiographs taken in our department. 3. Modified schuller and orbito-ramus radiographies have been carried out significantly. This phenomenon illustrates that patients who suffered from temporomandibular joint disorders are increasing. 4. Due to the beginning ultrasonography examination in our department in February 1990, contrast radiography for the diagnosis of soft tissue diseases decreased especially in 1992. 5. To evaluate the imaging examinations in our department, the examination number was compared with that of imaging examinations in the Departments of Dental Radiology, at Niigata University and at Hiroshima University. The examination number at either Dental Hospital was predominantly larger than that of our Dental Hospital. However, it was interesting that panoramic and occlusal radiographies were taken more frequently in our department than in either Dental Hospital.
Sialolithiasis in children is rare. Four cases of sialolithiasis in the submandibular gland occurring in children < or = 10 years old are reported. True and distal oblique occlusal radiographs were found to be useful for detection of the sialolith. A review of the literature on sialolithiasis in children is presented.
