Javier Asín

University of California, Davis

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Lluís Luján

Universidad de Zaragoza

Francisco A. Uzal

University of California, Davis

M. Pérez

Universidad de Zaragoza

Pedro Pinczowski

New South Wales Department of Primary Industries

Damián de Andrés

Agrobiotechnology Institute

Marina Gimeno

University of Sydney

Ramsés Reina

Agrobiotechnology Institute

Jéssica Molín

Universitat de Lleida

Eileen E. Henderson

University of California, Davis

Ricardo de Miguel

Universidad de Zaragoza

Cooperative Institutions

Universidad de Zaragoza

University of California, Davis

California State University, San Bernardino

Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón

Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón

California Department of Food and Agriculture

Harvard University

Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

University of Bern

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Pathology in Practice

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association (2021)

Javier Asín Jéssica Molín Ricardo de Miguel Ana Rodríguez‐Largo Juan Areso

In collaboration with the American College of Veterinary Pathologists.

Veterinary pathology

10.2460/javma.19.09.0451

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Citations (1)

New Parvoviruses and Picornavirus in Tissues and Feces of Foals with Interstitial Pneumonia

Viruses (2021)

Eda Altan Alvin Hui Yanpeng Li Patricia A. Pesavento Javier Asín

Six foals with interstitial pneumonia of undetermined etiology from Southern California were analyzed by viral metagenomics. Spleen, lung, and colon content samples obtained during necropsy from each animal were pooled, and nucleic acids from virus-like particles enriched for deep sequencing. The recently described equine copiparvovirus named eqcopivirus, as well as three previously uncharacterized viruses, were identified. The complete ORFs genomes of two closely related protoparvoviruses, and of a bocaparvovirus, plus the partial genome of a picornavirus were assembled. The parvoviruses were classified as members of new ungulate protoparvovirus and bocaparvovirus species in the Parvoviridae family. The picornavirus was classified as a new species in the Salivirus genus of the Picornaviridae family. Spleen, lung, and colon content samples from each foal were then tested for these viral genomes by nested PCR and RT-PCR. When present, parvoviruses were detected in both feces and spleen. The picornavirus, protoparvovirus, and eqcopivirus genomes were detected in the lungs of one animal each. Three foals were co-infected with the picornavirus and either a protoparvovirus, bocaparvovirus, or eqcopivirus. Two other foals were infected with a protoparvovirus only. No viral infection was detected in one animal. The complete ORFs of the first equine protoparvoviruses and bocaparvovirus, the partial ORF of the third equine picornavirus, and their detection in tissues of foals with interstitial pneumonia are described here. Testing the involvement of these viruses in fatal interstitial pneumonia or other equine diseases will require larger epidemiological and/or inoculation studies.

Picornavirus

ORFS

Foal

10.3390/v13081612

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Salmonellosis in elephants in managed care: report of 2 cases and literature review

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation (2023)

Melissa Macías‐Rioseco Jennine Ochoa Javier Asín Robert B. Moeller Francisco A. Uzal

In animals, salmonellosis is seen typically as enteritis and/or septicemia. Subclinical infection also occurs, and outwardly healthy animals can serve as reservoirs of infection. Reports of salmonellosis in elephants are rare, limited to a few serovars, and the gross and microscopic lesions of enteric salmonellosis in this species have not been described in detail. We present here, in 2 elephants in managed care settings, cases of salmonellosis that resulted from infection by Salmonella enterica serovar Muenchen and S. enterica serovar Montevideo, serovars that have not been described previously as the cause of salmonellosis in elephants, to our knowledge. We also review the literature on salmonellosis in elephants. Animal A, an adult Asian elephant that was euthanized because of gastrointestinal hemorrhage, had multifocal, necrotizing, suppurative enterocolitis, and necrotizing gastritis. Animal B, an adult African elephant with chronic, recurrent colic, followed by death, had necrotizing typhlocolitis. The origin of infection was not determined in either case. The animals came from different facilities and did not have a common feed source. Previously reported cases of salmonellosis in elephants were caused by Salmonella Dublin, Salmonella Typhimurium, or Salmonella Enteritidis. The definitive diagnosis of salmonellosis is made based on compatible gross and microscopic lesions, coupled with the detection of Salmonella spp. in the affected tissues. Effective biosecurity should be adopted to minimize the risk of salmonellosis in elephants in managed care.

Salmonella enterica

Subclinical infection

Salmonella infection

Salmonella enteritidis

10.1177/10406387231159371

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Biocompatibility Studies of Local Antibiotic-eluting Devices for Orthopaedic Applications

Journal of Comparative Pathology (2017)

Marina Gimeno Pedro Pinczowski Gracia Mendoza Francisco José Vázquez Marta Pérez

Biocompatibility

10.1016/j.jcpa.2016.11.073

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Diseases of domestic rabbits by purpose; a retrospective study of 2,583 cases received at 4 diagnostic laboratories in California, USA, 2013–2022

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation (2024)

Arturo Oliver-Guimerá Javier Asín Denise M. Imai M. Isabel Casanova Anneliese Strunk

Domestic rabbits ( Oryctolagus cuniculus) are commonly kept as pets or bred for laboratory investigation, meat, fur production, or a combination of these purposes. We conducted a retrospective study to assess the prevalence of diseases in domestic rabbits according to purpose. We retrieved results of autopsies, biopsies, and cytologies from 2,583 cases received at 4 diagnostic laboratories in California from 2013–2022. Rabbits were classified as pets (2,241; 86.8%), laboratory animals (92; 3.6%), meat-production animals (60; 2.3%), or multipurpose animals (190; 7.4%). A final diagnosis was reached in 2,360 (91.4%) cases and was classified by system, etiology, and type of process. Pet rabbits had the highest median age (5.9 y; vs. 3 y, 0.67 y, and 0.25 y in meat, multipurpose, and laboratory rabbits, respectively), and most of the neoplasms were diagnosed in this group (872 of the total 896 neoplasms in the study; 97.3%), with tumors of the skin, female reproductive tract, and hematolymphoid system being the most common. Laboratory rabbits had a high prevalence of infectious enterotyphlocolitis (40 of 92; 43.4%), and ~45% of those cases were due to opportunistic colibacillosis. Infectious and parasitic pneumonias were common in meat rabbits (18 of 60; 30%); pneumonic pasteurellosis accounted for >60% of those cases. Infectious cholangiohepatitides were common in multipurpose rabbits (61 of 110; 55.5%), with rabbit hemorrhagic disease representing the most common etiology (82.4% of those cases). Our results demonstrate that purpose of use can predict prevalence of disease in rabbits submitted to diagnostic laboratories.

Etiology

10.1177/10406387241262021

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Antibiotic‐eluting orthopedic device to prevent early implant associated infections: Efficacy, biocompatibility and biodistribution studies in an ovine model

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B Applied Biomaterials (2017)

Marina Gimeno Pedro Pinczowski Gracia Mendoza Javier Asín Francisco José Vázquez

Abstract Infection of orthopedic devices is a major complication in the postsurgical period generating important health issues and economic consequences. Prevention strategies could be based on local release of antibiotics from the orthopedic device itself to avoid adhesion and growth of bacteria. The purpose of this work is to demonstrate the efficiency to prevent these infections by a cefazolin‐eluting, perforated stainless steel implant in an in vivo ovine model. The device was placed in the tibia of sheep, one group receiving cefazolin‐loaded implants whereas the control group received empty implants. All implants were experimentally infected by direct inoculation of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538. In vitro cytotoxicological studies were also performed to check the effect of antibiotic on cell viability, integrity, and cycle. Results showed that sheep receiving cefazolin‐loaded devices were able to avoid implant‐associated infections, with normal tissue healing process. The antibiotic release followed a local concentric pattern as demonstrated by high‐performance liquid chromatography detection in tissues. The in vitro results indicate the lack of relevant cytotoxic effects for the maximum antibiotic concentration released by the device. These results demonstrate the efficiency and safety of cefazolin‐eluting implants in an ovine model to prevent early postsurgical infections of orthopedic devices. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1976–1986, 2018.

Cefazolin

10.1002/jbm.b.34009

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An outbreak of abortions, stillbirths and malformations in a Spanish sheep flock associated with a bovine viral diarrhoea virus 2‐contaminated orf vaccine

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases (2020)

Javier Asín Monika Hilbe Ricardo de Miguel Ana Rodríguez‐Largo Antonio Lanau

Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) is a pestivirus that affects both cattle and sheep, causing an array of clinical signs, which include abortions and malformations in the offspring. Manufacturing of modified live virus (MLV) vaccines often includes the use of bovine-derived products, which implies a risk of contamination with viable BVDV. Recently, the circulation of a specific strain of BVDV 2b among Spanish sheep flocks, associated with outbreaks of abortions and malformations, and whose origin was not determined, has been observed. On February 2018, a MLV orf vaccine was applied to a 1,600 highly prolific sheep flock in the Northeast of Spain that included 550 pregnant ewes. In May 2018, during the lambing season, an unusual high rate (72.7%) of abortions, stillbirths, congenital malformations and neurological signs in the offspring was observed. It was estimated that about 1,000 lambs were lost. Three 1- to 3-day-old affected lambs and a sealed vial of the applied vaccine were studied. Lambs showed variable degrees of central nervous system malformations and presence of pestiviral antigen in the brain. Molecular studies demonstrated the presence of exactly the same BVDV 2b in the tissues of the three lambs and in the orf vaccine, thus pointing to a pestivirus contamination in the applied vaccine as the cause of the outbreak. Interestingly, sequencing at the 5′-untranslated region-(UTR) of the contaminating virus showed a complete match with the virus described in the previously reported outbreaks in Spain, thus indicating that the same contaminated vaccine could have also played a role in those cases. This communication provides a clear example of the effects of the application of this contaminated product in a sheep flock. The information presented here can be of interest in putative future cases of suspected circulation of this or other BVDV strains in ruminants.

Flock

Pestivirus

10.1111/tbed.13619

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Citations (5)

Lentivirus de Pequeños Rumiantes en granulomas post vacunales

Irache Echeverría Ricardo de Miguel Javier Asín Damián de Andrés Marta Pérez

Trabajo presentado en el XLIV Congreso Nacional y XX Internacional de la Sociedad Espanola de Ovinotecnia y Caprinotecnia, celebrado en Cordoba (Espana), del 18 al 20 de septiembre de 2019

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Presence of Small Ruminant Lentiviruses in aluminium-induced, post-vaccination granulomas in sheep

Ricardo de Miguel Irache Echeverría Javier Asín Jéssica Molín Lorena de Pablo

Resumen del trabajo presentado en el XXX Keele Meeting on Aluminium, celebrado en Yucatan (Mexico), del 23 al 27 de marzo de 2019

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Clinicopathological studies in lambs repetitively inoculated with products containing alimunium adjuvants

Javier Asín Jéssica Molín Marta Pérez Pedro Pinczowski Marina Gimeno

Trabajo presentado en el 11th International Congress on Autoimmunity, celebrado en Lisboa (Portugal), del 16 al 20 de mayo de 2018

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