An experiment was conducted to study the effect of male and female host oysters on the pearl sac formation in Pinctada maxima oyster. One hundred sixty oysters were used in a completely randomized design with 2 × 4 factorial arrangement and 20 replications. The 1st factor was that sex of host oyster consisted of two levels that is males and females. The 2nd factor was week after nucleus implantation with four levels that is 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks. The parameters observed were the percentage of successful oysters to form the pearl sac, the speed of pearl sac formation, the percentage of nucleus coverage by the pearl sac, histology of the pearl sac growth and development, and haemolymph glucose, calcium and phosphorus concentrations. Our results showed that the percentages of host oysters that succeeded in forming a pearl sac were 80% and 75% in female and male host oysters, respectively. There was no statistical difference in nucleus rejection and mortality in male and female host oysters but the results indicated that male host oysters showed a numerically higher nucleus rejection. The speed of pearl sac growth and the percentage of nucleus coverage by the pearl sac in female host oysters were better than those in male host oysters. Haemolymph calcium, phosphorus and glucose concentrations, oxygen consumption, and histological development of the pearl sac were not different between male and female host oysters. Pearl sac formation in the female host oysters was better than that in male host oysters.
Study of Sauropus androgynus leaves fractions as a medicine for improving milk yield, the performanceof dam, and rat pups was conducted on five groups of lactating pregnant rats. Each group consists of 16rats, namely hexane fraction (FH), ethyl acetate (Fets), water (FH2O), ethanol crude extract (EEto); andcontrol group. The administration of fractions and crude extract were executed orally through feed aftereight days of mice gestation period. The average consumption dose was 57.5 mg/day, 40 mg/day, 209 mg/day, 297.5 mg/day, and 0 mg/day, respectively. The provision of treatment for 12 days gestation periodshowed no significant effect on the average daily feed intake. The FH administration did not demonstratedifferences of growth and body weight gain of dams in comparison to the control group. Whereas theadministration of FETs, FH2O, and EE to showed the growth inhibition significantly. The FH administrationshowed gradually increase of rat pups growth and body weight gain significantly in pups 7-10 days oldcompared to the control group. However, there were signs of growth inhibition on the other groups. The FHgroup revealed a positive response on the total milk yield for 10 days of lactation, compared to the othergroups. Hexane fraction has the potency as a remedy for improving milk yield without influencing the damand rat pups performance. This study also indicates side effect on growth inhibition, especially on theadministration of ethyl acetate and water fraction, and ethanol crude extract.
Penelitian ini bertujuan membuktikan pengaruh alanin-glutamin dipeptida 7% terhadap perbaikan fungsi hipokampus melalui pengamatan beberapa parameter kinerja motorik seperti jarak tempuh (JT), waktu stereotipe (WT), waktu ambulatori (WA), dan waktu istirahat (WI). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan memberikan alanin-glutamin dipeptida 7% selama 12 hari pada tikus umur 12 dan 24 bulan yang mengalami penuaan fisiologis dan penuaan akibat stres oksidatif. Pengamatan terhadap semua parameter kinerja motorik dilakukan dengan alat Opto-Varimex yang dikoneksikan dengan software Autotract. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan alanin-glutamin dipeptida 7% berpengaruh terhadap perbaikan kinerja motorik pada kondisi penuaan fisiologis dan penuaan akibat stres oksidatif.
Mortalitas, pertumbuhan, dan perkembangan konseptus setelah plasentasi dipengaruhi oleh kapasitas dan fungsi plasenta yang diatur oleh hormon kebuntingan dan faktor pertumbuhan yang selanjutnya memberikan suatu mekanisme pemeliharaan konseptus sampai lahir. Somatotropin adalah hormon pertumbuhan (Growth Hormone/ GH) yang termasuk hormon protein atau hormon polipeptida. Somatotropin dapat mempengaruhi proses metabolisme yang menyangkut pertumbuhan melalui stimulasi sintesis protein, meningkatkan transportasi asam amino ke dalam sel, mempengaruhi metabolisme karbohidrat, glukoneogenesis dalam hati, memacu mobilisasi lemak tubuh, mempengaruhi metabolisme mineral dan memacu pertumbuhan tulang rawan yang akhirnya akan memacu pertumbuhan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji potensi somatotropin sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan ternak. Tikus betina bunting dibagi ke dalam 4 kelompok yaitu K (tidak disuntik somatotropin), A (disuntik somatotropin 9mg/kg BB mulai hari ke 12 sampai ke 20 kebuntingan), B (disuntik somatotropin 9mg/kg BB mulai hari ke 2 sampai ke 11 kebuntingan), C (disuntik somatotropin 9mg/kg BB mulai hari ke 1 sampai ke 20 kebuntingan). Parameter yang diamati adalah daya tahan hidup fetus, pertumbuhan/ perkembangan uterus dan plasenta, konsentrasi glukosa, bobot lahir, dimensi tubuh, bobot prasapih dan lepas sapih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa somatotropin mampu meningkatkan keberhasilan implantasi, pertumbuhan uterus dan plasenta yang diikuti dengan perbaikan kinerja reproduksi uterus secara berarti, bobot lahir anak, serta dimensi tubuh yang mencakup panjang kepala+badan, panjang tungkai depan dan tungkai belakang neonatus.
