Philip T. LoVerde

The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio

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Edward G. Niles

University at Buffalo, State University of New York

Wenjie Wu

Fujian Provincial Hospital

Timothy J. C. Anderson

Texas Biomedical Research Institute

David Rekosh

University of Virginia

Ahmed M. Osman

Karolinska Institutet

Frédéric D. Chevalier

Texas Biomedical Research Institute

Rodrigo Corrêa‐Oliveira

Fundação Oswaldo Cruz

Hirohisa Hirai

Kyoto University

A.B. Taylor

The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio

Stanton F. McHardy

The University of Texas at San Antonio

Cooperative Institutions

University at Buffalo, State University of New York

Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais

Fundação Oswaldo Cruz

The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio

Texas Biomedical Research Institute

National Institutes of Health

The University of Texas at San Antonio

Imperial College London

Wellcome Sanger Institute

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

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Schistosomiasis

Advances in experimental medicine and biology (2019)

Philip T. LoVerde

Schistosoma

Parasitic Disease

10.1007/978-3-030-18616-6_3

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Citations (144)

Distribution and Schistosoma mansoni infection of Biomphalaria glabrata in different habitats in a rural area in the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil: environmental and epidemiological aspects

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (2004)

Helmut Kloos Liana Kanovaloff Janotti Passos Philip T. LoVerde Rodrigo Corrêa‐Oliveira Andréa Gazzinelli

This paper examines the distribution and infection of Biomphalaria glabrata with Schistosoma mansoni in all aquatic snail habitats in a rural area in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, in relation to physico/biotic and behavioral factors. Snail and environmental surveys were carried out semi-annually between July 2001 and November 2002 at 106 sites. Collected snails were examined in the laboratory for infection. B. glabrata densities were highest in overflow ponds, irrigation ponds, springs, canals and wells, and lowest in fishponds and water tanks. Snail densities were higher during the hot, rainy season except for streams and canals and were statistically associated with the presence of fish, pollution, and vegetation density. Tilapia fish and an unidentified Diptera larva were found to be predators of B. glabrata but ducks were not. Twenty-four of the 25 infected snails were collected in 2001(1.4% infection rate) and only one in 2002, after mass chemotherapy. The occurrence of B. glabrata in all 11 snail habitats both at and away from water contact sites studied indicates widespread risk of human infection in the study area. In spite of the strong association between B. glabrata and tilapia in fishponds we do not recommend its use in schistosomiasis control for ecological reasons and its relative inefficiency in streams and dams.

Biomphalaria glabrata

Aquaculture of tilapia

10.1590/s0074-02762004000700002

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Human schistosomiasis mansoni: intensity of infection differentially affects the production of interleukin-10, interferon-γ and interleukin-13 by soluble egg antigen or adult worm antigen stimulated cultures

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (2004)

Alda Maria Soares Silveira Giovanni Gazzinelli Lucia F. Alves‐Oliveira Jeffrey M. Bethony Andréa Gazzinelli

The effect of the intensity of infection (eggs per gram faeces, epg) on the production of interferon-gamma (INF-gamma), interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-13 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from individuals living in a Schistosoma mansoni-endemic area was evaluated. In vitro stimulation of PBMCs with soluble egg antigen (SEA) resulted in significantly higher secretion levels of IFN-gamma in egg-negative individuals compared with those with an intensity of infection of more than 100 epg. In contrast, the egg-positive group produced significantly higher amounts of IL-10. Levels of IL-13 did not differ significantly between egg-positive and egg-negative groups. These findings suggest that IL-10 is an important cytokine in the control of the T helper cell (Th) type 1 responses during human S. mansoni infection, shifting the immune response from Th0 in egg-negative individuals from an endemic area to a Th2 polarization in chronic infected individuals.

10.1016/j.trstmh.2003.11.009

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Citations (45)

The R-Type Pyocin of Pseudomonas aeruginosa C Is a Bacteriophage Tail-Like Particle That Contains Single-Stranded DNA

Infection and Immunity (1999)

Frank K. N. Lee Kathleen C. Dudas Julie A. Hanson Michaela Nelson Philip T. LoVerde

ABSTRACT Pseudomonas aeruginosa R-type pyocin particles have been described as bacteriocins that resemble bacteriophage tail-like structures. Because of their unusual structure, we reexamined whether they contained nucleic acids. Our data indicated that pyocin particles isolated from P. aeruginosa C (pyocin C) contain DNA. Probes generated from this DNA by the random-primer extension method hybridized to distinct bands in restriction endonuclease-digested P. aeruginosa C genomic DNA. These probes also hybridized to genomic DNA from 6 of 18 P. aeruginosa strains that produced R-type pyocins. Asymmetric PCR, complementary oligonucleotide hybridization, and electron microscopy indicated that pyocin C particles contained closed circular single-stranded DNA, approximately 4.0 kb in length. Examination of total intracellular DNA from mitomycin C-induced cultures revealed the presence of two extrachromosomal DNA molecules, a double-stranded molecule and a single-stranded molecule, which hybridized to pyocin DNA. Sequence analysis of 7,480 nucleotides of P. aeruginosa C chromosomal DNA containing the pyocin DNA indicated the presence of pyocin open reading frames with similarities to open reading frames from filamentous phages and cryptic phage elements. We did not observe any similarities to known phage structural proteins or previously characterized pseudomonal prt genes expressing R-type pyocin structural proteins. These studies demonstrate that pyocin particles from P. aeruginosa C are defective phages that contain a novel closed circular single-stranded DNA and that this DNA was derived from the chromosome of P. aeruginosa C.

Primer (cosmetics)

Restriction fragment

Extrachromosomal DNA

10.1128/iai.67.2.717-725.1999

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Citations (29)

Schistosoma mansoni: Identification of SmNR4A, a member of nuclear receptor subfamily 4

Experimental Parasitology (2008)

Wenjie Wu Philip T. LoVerde

Subfamily

Cyclophilin

10.1016/j.exppara.2008.07.005

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Citations (15)

Schistosomiasis

Advances in experimental medicine and biology (2024)

Philip T. LoVerde

10.1007/978-3-031-60121-7_3

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Citations (2)

Real-time PCR for sexing Schistosoma mansoni cercariae

Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology (2016)

Frédéric D. Chevalier Winka Le Clec’h Ana Carolina Alves de Mattos Philip T. LoVerde Timothy J. C. Anderson

Sexing

10.1016/j.molbiopara.2016.03.010

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Citations (19)

Results of the American Society of Parasitologists 1992 membership assessment by the Priorities Committee

Journal of Parasitology (1993)

K. Darwin Murrell Sherwin S. Desser Tom Geary Richard Grieve E. P. Hoberg

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Genomic analysis of a parasite invasion: colonization of the Americas by the blood fluke, Schistosoma mansoni

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (2021)

Roy N. Platt Winka Le Clec’h Frédéric D. Chevalier Marina McDew‐White Philip T. LoVerde

Abstract Schistosoma mansoni, a snail-vectored, blood fluke that infects humans, was introduced into the Americas from Africa during the Trans-Atlantic slave trade. As this parasite shows strong specificity to the snail intermediate host, we expected that adaptation to S. American Biomphalaria spp. snails would result in population bottlenecks and strong signatures of selection. We scored 475,081 single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in 143 S. mansoni from the Americas (Brazil, Guadeloupe, and Puerto Rico) and Africa (Cameroon, Niger, Senegal, Tanzania, and Uganda), and used these data to ask: (i) Was there a population bottleneck during colonization? (ii) Can we identify signatures of selection associated with colonization? And (iii) what were the source populations for colonizing parasites? We found a 2.4-2.9-fold reduction in diversity and much slower decay in linkage disequilibrium (LD) in parasites from East to West Africa. However, we observed similar nuclear diversity and LD in West Africa and Brazil, suggesting no strong bottlenecks and limited barriers to colonization. We identified five genome regions showing selection in the Americas, compared with three in West Africa and none in East Africa, which we speculate may reflect adaptation during colonization. Finally, we infer that unsampled African populations from central African regions between Benin and Angola, with contributions from Niger, are likely the major source(s) for Brazilian S. mansoni . The absence of a bottleneck suggests that this is a rare case of a serendipitous invasion, where S. mansoni parasites were preadapted to the Americas and were able to establish with relative ease.

Population bottleneck

Linkage Disequilibrium

10.1101/2021.10.25.465783

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Citations (2)

Immune response to Schistosoma mansoni phosphoglycerate kinase during natural and experimental infection: identification of a schistosome-specific B-cell epitope

Infection and Immunity (1995)

Kyungha Lee Aditya Thakur Amr M. Karim Philip T. LoVerde

A cDNA clone encoding Schistosoma mansoni phosphoglycerate kinase (SmPGK) was previously identified by affinity-purified antibodies which are specific for 3-h-old schistosomula tegumental antigens. Antibodies to the recombinant SmPGK which has enzymatic activity were localized to various tissues including the tegument of the 3-h-old schistosomula and 42-day-old adult worms. In this study, we show that SmPGK is an immunogenic molecule in both natural infection in humans and experimental vaccination in animals. To understand the role that a highly conserved molecule like SmPGK played during schistosome infection, we affinity purified antibodies to SmPGK from patients with chronic schistosomiasis and demonstrated that they did not cross-react with human PGK. However, affinity-purified rabbit anti-SmPGK antibodies did show immunoreactivity to both human PGK and rabbit PGK. Thus, during natural infection antibodies that cross-react with human PGK are not produced; however, as a result of active immunization with an intact conserved molecule, such cross-reacting antibodies are produced. Immunological analysis of cyanogen bromide digests of SmPGK with monoclonal antibodies that recognize SmPGK but not human PGK identifies a B-cell epitope on a 12.2-kDa fragment represented by amino acids 61 to 174.

Phosphoglycerate kinase

Schistosoma

10.1128/iai.63.11.4307-4311.1995

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Citations (25)