Gallbladder duplication is very rare congenital malformation that is usually asymptomatic, but which may present with various complications. We present here two cases gallbladder duplication who presented with cholestatic hepatitis-acute abdomen in early childhood and treated with surgery, and the second one was asymptomatic during the follow-up who were detected in intrauterine period. The treatment of gallbladder duplication must be carefully managed. Unnecessary surgery should be avoided in asymptomatic cases, while in symptomatic patients requiring surgery it is important to clearly reveal the biliary system and vascular anatomy and to remove both gallbladders.
Radiotherapy is a frequently used method for treatment of cancer which is regarded as one of the top two diseases causing premature death worldwide. However, radiotherapy is known to have many side effects. In this study, we evaluated biologically and histologically the possible protective effects of edaravone, the free radical scavenger and neuroprotective agent used to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, on lung and small intestine against radiation-induced early side effects of 15 Gy total body irradiation in single fraction. Thirty-two rats were divided randomly into four equal groups. Groups were administered 15 Gy of external ionizing radiation to the whole body after 30 minutes of EDA administration (a dose of 500 and 50 mg/kg). Rats were sacrified at 72 h of the experiment. Tissues were separated to investigate levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPX) and malondialdehyde (MDA); and evealuate histopathological changings. The protective effect of EDA showed statistically significant in MDA, SOD and GSHPX values of lungs except CAT and statistically significant effect was observed in MDA in small intestine. Also, we showed statistically significant values with histopathological changings. Pediatric cancer patients who have a longer life expectancy are as important as their recovery from their normal life. We are expecting that EDA as a modulator of free radical scavenging pathways in many organs can reduce the side effects of radiation damage on lungs and small intestine.
Testicular torsion is an emergency, and unless there is an urgent intervention, irreversible ischaemic damage and gonad loss occur in the testicle. We aimed to investigate myricetin's antioxidant properties as well as its protective effect against ischaemia–reperfusion (I/R) damage in the testicular torsion model. A total of 18 rats were divided into three equal groups. Group 1 was the sham group. Group 2: testicular torsion was performed, and orchiectomy was done 2 hr after detorsion. Group 3: received torsion and 1 mg/kg intraperitoneal myricetin was given 30 min before detorsion, and orchiectomy was applied 2 hr after detorsion. We evaluated tissue malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and catalase levels and Johnsen Testicular Biopsy Score to show its histopathological effect. There was a statistically significant decrease in MDA values in myricetin group compared to Group 2 (p < .017). There was no significant difference in the statistical analysis of SOD and CAT values (p = .337 and p = .025). There was a statistically significant difference in testicular I/R damage in the myricetin group compared to Group 1 and Group 2 (p < .017). Myricetin treatment significantly decreased testicular tissue damage compared to the torsion group but did not reach the values close to the control group.
Postoperative ventilatory strategies in patients with esophageal atresia (EA) and tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) may have an impact on early postoperative complications. Our national Esophageal Atresia Registry was evaluated to define a possible relationship between the type and duration of respiratory support on postoperative complications and outcome.Among the data registered by 31 centers between 2015 and 2021, patients with esophago-esophageal anastomosis (EEA)/tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) were divided into two groups; invasive ventilatory support (IV) and noninvasive ventilatory support and/or oxygen support (NIV-OS). The demographic findings, gestational age, type of atresia, associated anomalies, and genetic malformations were evaluated. We compared the type of repair, gap length, chest tube insertion, follow-up times, tensioned anastomosis, postoperative complications, esophageal dilatations, respiratory problems requiring treatment after the operation, and mortality rates.Among 650 registered patients, 502 patients with EEA/TEF repair included the study. Four hundred and seventy of patients require IV and 32 of them had NIV-OS treatment. The IV group had lower mean birth weights and higher incidence of respiratory problems when compared to NIV-OS group. Also, NIV-OS group had significantly higher incidence of associated anomalies than IV groups. The rates of postoperative complications and mortality were not different between the IV and NIV-OS groups.We demonstrated that patients who required invasive ventilation had a higher incidence of low birth weight and respiratory morbidity. We found no relation between mode of postoperative ventilation and surgical complications. Randomized controlled trials and clinical guidelines are needed to define the best type of ventilation strategy in children with EA/TEF.
Cinsel istismarın bir türü olan ensest; birbiriyle evli olanlar dışındaki aile üyeleri arasındaki her türlü cinsel davranış olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Eniştesi ile ilişki yaşadığını belirten 17 yaşındaki çocuğun Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Çocuk Koruma ve İzlem Merkezinde yapılan muayenesinde; anüler yapıda olan himende saat üç hizasında doğal çentik olduğu, orta enlilikte olan himenin esnek yapıda olmadığı, yırtık veya nedbeleşmiş alan bulunmadığı, fehvasının 1,5 cm olduğu saptandı. Muayene tarihinde yapılan ölçümler sonucu 37 hafta ile uyumlu gebeliği olduğu anlaşıldı. Türk Ceza Yasası'nın 103. maddesinde
Objective: Fibrocystic liver disease (FLD) is a multisystemic disease that can be seen in a wide age range from intrauterine period to adolescent age. The aim of study is to evaluate the presenting symptoms, clinical-laboratory findings, treatment modality and results of the patients with FLD . Material and Methods: The demographic features, clinical-laboratory findings, treatment modality and results of patients with FLD followed up in our clinic between January 2008 and December 2019 were recorded retrospectively. Results: A total of 39 patients (56.4% male, median age; 53m years, age range: 10 days-16.8 years) were evaluated. Eight patients (20.5%) had Caroli’s disease (CD), 16 patients had congenital hepatic fibrosis (CHF) (41%), and 15 had choledochal cysts. The most common presenting symptoms were jaundice (n=8, 20.5%), chronic abdominal pain (n=6, 15.4%) and splenomegaly (n=4, 10.3%). Eight patients were detected after renal cyst detection and screening programme (20.5%), seven patients during intrauterine period (17.9%), and two patients incidentally (5.1%). PKHD1 gene mutation was deteceted in six patients with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD). Eighteen patients underwent surgical operation (46.2%, liver transplantation, left lobe segmental hepatectomy, mesocaval shunt, kidney transplantation, cystectomy). 25 patients (64.1%) had extrahepatic involvement [ ARPKD (n=18), mental motor retardation (n=2, methochromatic leukodystrophy, Arnold Chiari malformation in each one), nephrocalcinosis (n=1), juvenile nephronophytosis (n=1) acute pancreatitis (n=1), pulmonary hypoplasia + metacarpal distal phalanx hypoplasia (n=1) and medullary sponge kidney+pineal cyst (n=1)]. During the follow up of 39 patients; six patients had portal hypertension, five had chronic renal failure (12.8%), four had compensated chronic liver disease (10.3%) and one had recurrent cholangitis attacks (2.6%). Two patients underwent liver transplantation due to decompensated cirrhosis, and one patient underwent kidney transplantation due to end-stage renal failure. Conclusion: Early diagnosis, regular follow-up and treatment are important in patients with FLD because of the high risk of morbidity and complications.
Radiotherapy is a frequently used method for treatment of cancer which is regarded as one of the top two diseases causing premature death worldwide. However, radiotherapy is known to have many side effects. In this study, we evaluated biologically and histologically the possible protective effects of edaravone, the free radical scavenger and neuroprotective agent used to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, on lung and small intestine against radiation-induced early side effects of 15 Gy total body irradiation in single fraction. Thirty-two rats were divided randomly into four equal groups. Groups were administered 15 Gy of external ionizing radiation to the whole body after 30 minutes of EDA administration (a dose of 500 and 50 mg/kg). Rats were sacrified at 72 h of the experiment. Tissues were separated to investigate levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPX) and malondialdehyde (MDA); and evealuate histopathological changings. The protective effect of EDA showed statistically significant in MDA, SOD and GSHPX values of lungs except CAT and statistically significant effect was observed in MDA in small intestine. Also, we showed statistically significant values with histopathological changings. Pediatric cancer patients who have a longer life expectancy are as important as their recovery from their normal life. We are expecting that EDA as a modulator of free radical scavenging pathways in many organs can reduce the side effects of radiation damage on lungs and small intestine.
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