Aims We evaluated the efficacy and significant changes in the levels of retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP-4) and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treated with chiglitazar versus sitagliptin. Methods Eighty-one T2DM patients with haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level of 7.5%–10.0% were selected. Based on the study criteria, patients were randomly assigned to receive chiglitazar (32 mg), chiglitazar (48 mg), or sitagliptin (100 mg) orally for 24 weeks. Sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics, lipid profiles, glucose profiles, and serum RBP-4 levels were determined at baseline and at the end of the therapy. Results After treatment for 24 weeks, significant changes in fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (Fins), 2 h-blood glucose (2h-BG), the score values of insulin resistance/insulin secretion/β cell function (HOMA-IR, HOMA-IS, and HOMA-β), triglyceride (TG), free fatty acid (FFA), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and RBP-4 levels were detected in patients with chiglitazar administration and sitagliptin administration. Changes in RBP-4 levels were positively correlated with changes in HOMA-IR and 2 h-BG in linear regression. Conclusions Chiglitazar showed a greater improvement in parameters of diabetes than sitagliptin, and changes in serum RBP-4 levels were associated with changes in insulin-sensitizing parameters. Clinical Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov , CT.gov identifier: NCT02173457.
The use of histocompatability antigen (HLA)-matched platelets has been advocated for the support of thrombocytopenic cancer patients. We randomized 78 newly diagnosed cancer patients prospectively (before thrombocytopenia) to receive either HLA-matched or mismatched single-donor platelet transfusions. Three hundred forty-one platelet transfusions were given for 80 separate episodes of therapy-induced thrombocytopenia in 33 patients. Forty-five patients receiving intensive chemotherapy did not develop significant (less than 20,000 platelets/mm3) thrombocytopenia and did not receive a platelet transfusion. No marked difference was observed between the matched and mismatched groups in regard to number of total platelet transfusions per patient (median, 3 vs. 5, respectively; P = 0.076), number of platelet transfusions per episode (median, 3.0 vs. 3.5, respectively; P = 0.28), or days between transfusions (median, 2 vs. 2, respectively, P greater than 0.4). Bleeding episodes, although rare, tended to be of increased severity in the mismatched group. Febrile patients receiving mismatched platelets tended to have a lower posttransfusion increment increase than their nonfebrile counterparts (P = 0.068), although a similar trend could not be demonstrated between febrile and nonfebrile patients who received matched platelets (P = 0.22). Patients treated as outpatients had significantly higher posttransfusion increments than when transfused as inpatients when they were given mismatched platelets (P less than 0.0005). Development of antiplatelet antibody did not appear to affect response to platelet transfusions. Only one patient developed sustained high-level antibody titers. In patients where thrombocytopenia was significant, the transfusion of HLA-matched platelets did not appear to offer a significant advantage. However, HLA-matched platelet transfusions tended to be associated with higher posttransfusion increments in febrile patients and a trend toward fewer severe bleeding episodes. A multi-institution trial containing a large number of patients is needed to evaluate trends observed in this study.
A β-cyclodextrin(β-CD)based monomer(MAH-β-CD)containing vinyl and carboxyl functional groups was synthesized by reaction of β-CD with maleic anhydride(MAH).By copolymerization of the monomer with acrylamide(AAm),a novel hydrogel,poly(AAm-co-MAH-β-CD)with pH and ionic strength sensitivities plus molecular inclusion function,was obtained by irradiating the aqueous solution mixture of AAm and MAH-β-CD with electron beam.The effect of the feed ratio of components and irradiation dose on the swelling and deswelling properties of the hydrogel was systematically studied.Swelling ratio of the hydrogel was tested under different environment of pH and ionic strength.The results indicate that the copolymer hydrogels did not show any noticeable change in swelling at lower pH(pH5).However,they showed an abrupt increase in swelling at pH 5～8 due to the ionization of carboxyl groups.
A hydrogel copolymer of N-isopropylacrylamide/β-cyclodextrin was prepared by radiation copoly-merization method. β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) based monomer (MAH-β-CD) containing vinyl and carboxyl functional groups was synthesized by modification of β-CD with maleic anhydride (MAH). And then the mixture aqueous solu-tion of NIPAAm and MAH-β-CD was irradiated by electron beams with BIS as cross-linking agent for sample of poly (NIPAAm-co-MAH-β-CD) hydrogel. The effects of temperature,pH and ionic strength on swelling ratio of the hy-drogel were determined meanwhile the effect of irradiation absorbed doses on its swelling and deswelling properties was also described. Experimental results show that the copolymer hydrogel possesses temperature,pH and ionic strength sensitive functions.
Abstract Tristetraprolin (TTP) is an adenine/uridine (AU)-rich element (ARE)-binding protein that can induce degradation of mRNAs. In this study, we report that TTP suppresses the expression of interleukin-33 (IL-33), a tumor-promoting inflammatory cytokine and thereby inhibits the progression of gastric cancer (GC). Overexpression of TTP decreased the level of IL-33, whereas knockdown of TTP increased IL-33 levels. We also discovered that TTP inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cell lines through regulation of IL-33. Furthermore, TTP RNA and protein levels were remarkably reduced in GC and inversely correlated with IL-33 level and they were also closely associated with depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, advanced TNM stage, as well as survival rate. Taken together, these findings identified TTP as a downregulator of IL-33 and further suggest that TTP can serve as a novel biomarker for the diagnosis of GC and as a potential therapeutic target for GC treatment.
Aim To establish an HPLC method for determination of metronidazole,salicylic acid and chloramphenicol in Shuilu Jiujing.Method A ZORBAX Eclips XDB-C_8(4.6mm×150mm,5μm) was used by HPLC and the column temperature was 35℃,the detector wavelength 278nm,and the flow rate was 1ml/min.The mobile phase was methanol-water-glacial acetic acid(250∶750∶1.3).Result The liner ranges of metronidazole,salicylic acid and chloramphenicol were 4.08～40.80,9.98～99.84μg·ml -1 and 14.87～148.56μg·ml -1 .The recovery rate was 99.81%、96.70% and 99.70%,respectively.Conclusion This method is simple and accurate in the simultaneous determination of the three components.
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