Association of scabies with a bullus pemphigoid - like eruption is being reported because of its rarity. Histopathology revealed subepidermal bullae with intact basal layer. Treatment with topical gammabenzene hexachloride and systemic antibiotics was effective.
Backgrouns: Femoral nerve is used for nerve block in several surgeries. The knowledge of femoral nerve in thigh is important for anatomist, anesthetics, and surgeons to prevent iatrogenic femoral nerve palsy. We dissected 25 human cadavers to study the anatomy of femoral nerve. We dissected the femoral nerve bilaterally in Anatomy Department of Smt N H L Municipal Medical College, and recorded the branching pattern of femoral nerve with digital photography.
Objective: To highlight the variation in branching pattern of the femoral nerve.
Materials and Methods: We measured the distance from the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) to the pubic symphysis bilaterally on each cadaver as an anatomical landmark. We located the femoral nerve through transverse incisions from the ASIS to the pubic symphysis and incisions originating from the midpoint between the ASIS and the pubic symphysis extending longitudinally to the patella. We chose the inguinal ligament as a proximal limitation for dissection of the femoral nerve in the thigh. The distance from the inguinal ligament to the first branching point of the femoral nerve was measured. We traced and dissected all femoral nerve branches to the insertion points.
Result: The mean medial–lateral distance from the ASIS to the pubic symphysis was 14.50 ± 1.34 cm (range 13–16). We found the femoral nerve near the midpoint, 46± 5% from the ASIS. We did not measure in cadaver specimen 5 since bony landmarks were difficult to palpate because of excessive adipose tissue. The distance from the inguinal ligament to the first branching point of the femoral nerve was 1.50 ± 0.47 cm (range 1–2cm).
Conclusion: The anatomy and morphology we observed remained consistent with the established literature, suggesting that our chosen specimens did not differ from the standard population and that we may consider the results representative of the general population.
Introduction:The morphology of the glenoid cavity is highly variable.It articulates with the head of the humerus at the glenohumeral joint.Shoulder joint is frequently dislocated so the knowledge of anatomic parameters and different shape of glenoid cavity are necessary for complete understanding of the mechanics of shoulder joint.The aim of the present study was to obtain the anthropometric data of the glenoid cavity of the scapula and to study the various shapes of the glenoid cavity which will help in management of shoulder pathology.Materials and Methods: This study was done on 60 (30 right, 30 left) adult human scapula.Different parameter superior-inferior(SI), anterior-posterior diameter of the lower half(AP-1), anterior-posterior diameter of the upper half(AP-2) of glenoid cavity have been measured with the help of digital vernier calipers and glenoid cavity index was calculated.The shape of the glenoid cavity was classified as inverted comma shaped, pear shaped and oval shaped depending upon the presence or absence of a notch on the glenoid rim. Results:The average SI diameter on right and the left sides were 37.31±2.91mmand 37.46±2.92mm respectively.The average AP-1 diameter of the right glenoid was 25.90±2.09mm and that of the left was 25.70±2.32mm.The mean AP-2 diameter of the right glenoid was 17.89±1.52mm and that of the left was 18.15±1.80mm.The mean GCI of the right glenoid was 69.54±4.22mm and that of the left was 68.65±4.12mm. Conclusion:All the parameters showed a very close value for the right and left side.The difference seen between the values of present study and that of other workers could be explained on the basis of ethnic and racial variations.This fact may be taken into consideration while performing shoulder arthroplasty and designing glenoid prostheses in rajasthan population.The current study also recorded a higher percentage of the glenoid notch (>80%) in the anterior margin of the glenoid cavity.While evaluating defects and lesions of the glenoid, this fact could be useful.Thus a sound knowledge of various parameters of the glenoid cavity is important for the anatomists, anthropologists, orthopaedicians and prosthetists.
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