This contribution reports an ecological benevolent route for the fabrication of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) using Leucaena leucocephala L. leaves extracts at room temperature. Phytochemical screening of the fresh aqueous leaves extract showed the presence of tannins, saponins, coumarins, flavonoids, cardial glycosides, steroids, phenols, carbohydrates and amino acids. Copper oxide particles such prepared are in Nano scale and their morphology and size are characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform Infra-red spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, Barrett-Joyner-Halenda and Photoluminescence analysis. Furthermore, CuO-NPs evinced remarkable antimicrobial, antimalarial and antimycobacterial activity against diverse human pathogens.
Chromic oxide nanoparticles (Cr2O3 NPs) are one of the notable inorganic NPs with outstanding features for several branches of modern science and technologies. Various fabrication approaches have been employed in the production of Cr2O3 NPs so as to meet its crucial potential. The ecological impacts and economic obstacles connected to most of the means of Cr2O3 NPs synthesis have contributed to the search for other alternative approaches with economic and environmental advantages. Surprisingly, the biological approaches to manufacturing using plant materials have been found suitable for the synthesis of Cr2O3 NPs dues to its myriad health, environmental, economic, and medicinal advantages. The important aspects of Cr2O3 NPs fabricated using plant broths and biomass augmented its application in antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anticancer, antileshmanial, antiviral, and antidiabetic. In the area of electronics, chemistry and medicine, phytosynthesized Cr2O3 NPs have attracted tremendous usage in the fabrication of antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anticancer, antileshmanial, antiviral, antidiabetic, photocatalytic agents as well as fabrication of microelectronic circuits, sensors, solar energy collectors and fuel cells. Notwithstanding, the enlisted advantages of biogenically produced Cr2O3 NPs, the challenges involved in the clarification of formation reaction still remain unsolved. This review presented the overview of the modern improvements in the synthesis, characterization methods, and applications of phytosynthesized Cr2O3 NPs in medicine, and pharmaceutical industries.
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have attracted great attention in distinctive fields such as anticancer, antioxidant, catalysis, photocopiers, rectifiers, solar cells and xerography. This has ameliorated an immense development of different synthetic pathways for SeNPs production. At present, preparation of SeNPs depends largely on known chemical and physical methods that involved noxious chemicals and harsh reaction conditions which have been identified as a major disadvantage and potential threats to environment, health and its usage. Alternatively, biogenic synthesis has gained popularity as it is eco-benign, cheap, clean, safe and generates minimal waste. In this review article, we summarized recent literature on green synthesis of SeNPs using various plants and the different plant parts which have revolutionized technique of fabrication for their applications in various fields. Due to biocompatibility of SeNPs, it has found its stupendous applications in biomedical field. The protocol, characterization techniques and biosynthesis of SeNPs along with various recent applications have also been discussed.
Abstract The biogenic nanocomposite synthesis using a plant extract is rapid, simple, efficient, cost-effective, and eco-friendly. This study investigated selective pharmacological activities such as anticancer, antioxidant, and DNA cleavage activities of Solanum elaeagnifolium -mediated green synthesizing Ag-AgO-Ag 2 O nanocomposite. To the best of our knowledge, Solanum elaeagnifolium has been the first time used to synthesize Ag-AgO-Ag 2 O nanocomposites. The synthesized nanocomposites were explored by using UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and photoluminescence analyses. Anticancer activity of Ag-AgO-Ag 2 O nanocomposites was tested on lung cancer cell lines (A-549) and showed activity at the IC 50 of 67.09 μg/mL. The maximum ABTS and DPPH scavenging activity were 25.78% and 20.86% at 100 µg/L, respectively. Moreover, Solanum elaeagnifolium -mediated green synthesized Ag-AgO-Ag 2 O nanocomposites also exhibited considerable DNA cleavage activity. These results assured that the synthesized Ag-AgO-Ag 2 O nanocomposites using Solanum elaeagnifolium leaves extract may have potential applications in biomedical engineering.