Xing Zou

East China Normal University

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Daping Luo

East China Normal University

Zhong Zuo

Chinese University of Hong Kong

Wenxue Li

East China Normal University

Chenglin Gu

East China Normal University

Daowang Peng

East China Normal University

Yuanfeng Di

East China Normal University

Yang Liu

Chongqing University of Science and Technology

Lulu Tang

East China Normal University

Lunhua Deng

Jimei University

Yang Liu

Shenzhen Children's Hospital

Cooperative Institutions

East China Normal University

Chinese Academy of Sciences

University of Science and Technology of China

Hefei National Center for Physical Sciences at Nanoscale

Minzu University of China

Tongji University

Institute of Advanced Science Facilities, Shenzhen

Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials

Microscale (United States)

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208-µs single-shot multi-molecular sensing with spectrum-encoded dual-comb spectroscopy

Optics Express (2021)

Xing Zou Chenglin Gu Menglin Zhang Zhong Zuo Daowang Peng

Dual-comb spectroscopy (DCS) is a powerful spectroscopic technique, which is developing for the detection of transient species in reaction kinetics on a short time scale. Conventionally, the simultaneous determination of multiple species is limited to the requirement of broadband spectral measurement at the cost of the measurement speed and spectral resolution owing to the inherent trade-off among these characteristics in DCS. In this study, a high-speed multi-molecular sensing is demonstrated and achieved through using a programmable spectrum-encoded DCS technique, where multiple narrow encoding spectral bands are reserved selectively and other comb lines are filtered out. As a dual-comb spectrometer with a repetition rate of 108 MHz is encoded spectrally over a spectral coverage range of 1520 to 1580 nm, the measurement speed is increased 6.15 times and single-shot absorption spectra of multiple molecules (C 2 H 2 , HCN, CO, CO 2 ) at a time scale of 208 µs are obtained. Compared to conventional single-shot dual-comb spectra, encoded dual-comb spectra have improved short-term signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) by factors of 3.65 with four encoding bands and 5.68 with two encoding bands. Furthermore, a fiber-Bragg-grating-based encoded DCS is demonstrated, which reaches 17.1 times higher average SNR than that of the unencoded DCS. This spectrum-encoded technique can largely improve the DCS measurement speed, and thus is promising for use in studies on multi-species reaction kinetics.

Spectral resolution

10.1364/oe.430026

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Doppler velocimeter based on dual-comb absorption spectroscopy

Photonics Research (2020)

Chenglin Gu Xing Zou Zhong Zuo Daowang Peng Yuanfeng Di

The determination of airflow parameters is essential to the research of critical information on environment monitoring, chemical kinetics, and aerodynamic and propulsion applications. During the past few decades, tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy has become a common and efficient tool for the flow velocity measurement based on the Doppler shift of the absorption line. Dual-comb absorption spectroscopy (DCAS), as a state-of-the-art Fourier-transform broadband spectroscopic technique, not only can detect multiple trace molecules in parallel but also can extract Doppler shifts to derive the flow velocity through the analysis of dozens of molecular absorption lines simultaneously with high precision. Here, we report a proof-of-principle demonstration of the velocity measurements of acetylene at various flow velocities by means of a high-resolution and broadband DCAS. Mode-resolved Doppler-shifted rotational-vibrational lines in the P branch of acetylene molecules are obtained. A model for multiline Doppler frequency determination is investigated and experimentally verified. The flow velocity measurements with a measuring uncertainty down to the submeter per second over the range from 8.7 m/s to 44.8 m/s at an effective time resolution of 1 s and a measuring uncertainty of 1.97 m/s at 0.1 s are demonstrated. With broadband mid-infrared frequency combs covering atmospheric transmission windows, the open-path measurement for monitoring diffusion of the weak pollutant source would be realized.

Fourier transform spectroscopy

Trace gas

10.1364/prj.398876

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High-repetition-rate mid-IR femtosecond pulse synthesis from two mid-IR CW QCL-seeded OPAs

Optics Express (2020)

Chenglin Gu Zhong Zuo Daowang Peng Yuanfeng Di Xing Zou

Coherent pulse synthesis in the mid-infrared (mid-IR) domain is of great interest to achieve broadband sources from parent pulses, motivated by the advantages of optical frequency properties for molecular spectroscopy and quantum dynamics. We demonstrate a simple mid-IR coherent synthesizer based on two high-repetition-rate optical parametric amplifiers (OPAs) at nJ-level pump energy. The relative carrier envelope phase between the two OPAs was passively stable for a shared continuous wave (CW) quantum cascade laser (QCL) seed. Lastly, we synthesized mid-IR pulses with a duration of 105 fs ranging from 3.4 to 4.0 µm. The scheme demonstrated the potential to obtain broader mid-IR sources by coherent synthesis from multiple CW QCL-seeded OPAs.

Regenerative amplification

Optical parametric amplifier

Quantum cascade laser

10.1364/oe.402760

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Dual-comb optical activity spectroscopy for the analysis of vibrational optical activity induced by external magnetic field

Research Square (Research Square) (2022)

Daowang Peng CHENGLIN GU Zhong Zuo Yuanfeng Di Xing Zou

Abstract Optical activity (OA) includes the structural information of (bio) molecular and chemical systems, which is widely utilized in the fields of molecular chirality, pharmaceutics and analytical chemistry. Vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) and optical rotatory dispersion (ORD), spectral measurements of absorption and dispersion induced by OA, are powerful tools and characterize molecular chirality, explore the stereo-specific structure and study the solution-state conformation of biological molecules. In terms of the OA analysis of molecules, detection sensitivity, spectral resolution and acquisition speed are the key indicators that have been pursued. In this paper, we show the unmatched potential of dual-comb spectroscopy (DCS) in magnetic optical activity spectroscopy (MOAS) of gas-phase molecules with the resolution of hundred-MHz level and the high-speed measurement of sub-millisecond level. As a demonstration, we directly achieved the rapid, high-precision and high-resolution MOAS measurement of the nitrogen dioxide υ 1 + υ 3 band and the nitric oxide overtone band, which can be used to analyze fine structure of molecules. The novel approach of dual-comb optical activity spectroscopy (DC-OAS) paves the way for OA to become a routine approach for rapid characterization of the structural conformations of multiphase systems.

Spectral resolution

Optical rotatory dispersion

Chirality

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1843330/v1

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An improvement in molecular absorption signals of dual-comb spectroscopy based on optical suppression method

Xing Zou Chenglin Gu Zhong Zuo Daping Luo Zhiwei Zhu

We demonstrate a dual-comb spectroscopy with a Michelson interferometer which optically suppresses original spectra of the combs. It yields an absorption signal with absolute intensity enhancement ratio of 51.8 compared with conventional dual-comb spectroscopy.

Fourier transform spectroscopy

Molecular spectroscopy

10.1364/assl.2019.jth3a.40

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Broadband mid-infrared molecular spectroscopy based on passive coherent optical–optical modulated frequency combs

Photonics Research (2021)

Zhong Zuo Chenglin Gu Daowang Peng Xing Zou Yuanfeng Di

Mid-infrared dual-comb spectroscopy is of great interest owing to the strong spectroscopic features of trace gases, biological molecules, and solid matter with higher resolution, accuracy, and acquisition speed. However, the prerequisite of achieving high coherence of optical sources with the use of bulk sophisticated control systems prevents their widespread use in field applications. Here we generate a highly mutually coherent dual mid-infrared comb spectrometer based on the optical–optical modulation of a continuous-wave (CW) interband or quantum cascade laser. Mutual coherence was passively achieved without post-data processes or active carrier envelope phase-locking processes. The center wavelength of the generated mid-infrared frequency combs can be flexibly tuned by adjusting the wavelength of the CW seeds. The parallel detection of multiple molecular species, including C 2 H 2 , CH 4 , H 2 CO , H 2 S , COS, and H 2 O , was achieved. This technique provides a stable and robust dual-comb spectrometer that will find nonlaboratory applications including open-path atmospheric gas sensing, industrial process monitoring, and combustion.

10.1364/prj.422397

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High-repetition-rate femtosecond mid-infrared pulses generated by nonlinear optical modulation of continuous-wave QCLs and ICLs

Optics Letters (2019)

Chenglin Gu Zhong Zuo Daping Luo Daowang Peng Yuanfeng Di

We demonstrate an effective method to obtain high-repetition-rate femtosecond mid-infrared (mid-IR) pulses by nonlinear optical modulation of mid-IR continuous-wave (CW) quantum and interband cascade lasers (ICLs and QCLs). In the experiment, a high-repetition-rate femtosecond ytterbium-doped fiber laser with nanojoule-level pulse energy was used as the pump source of optical parametric amplifiers to modulate and amplify the mid-IR CW laser. Near transform-limited 84 fs duration (7.3 cycles) mid-IR pulses were generated with above 200 mW average power and a repetition rate of 160 MHz. Moreover, the spectral tunability was demonstrated using CW QCL at different wavelengths. The scheme offered a simple method to produce high-repetition-rate ultrashort pulses and that can be flexibly adopted in other mid-IR regions.

Modulation (music)

Continuous wave

Pulse duration

10.1364/ol.44.005848

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Citations (18)

Few-cycle mid-infrared ultrafast pulses generation based on continuous-wave seeded optical parametric amplification

Zhong Zuo Chenglin Gu Daowang Peng Xing Zou Daping Luo

We demonstrated a method to directly produce transform-limited few-cycle mid-infrared pulses at 90 fs duration employing optical parametric amplifier seeded by mid-infrared continuous-wave laser and the wavelength tunable ability is also proved.

Optical parametric amplifier

Continuous wave

10.1364/assl.2019.jw2a.23

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Widely Tunable OPO Spanning From the Violet to Mid-Infrared Based on Aperiodic QPM Crystal

IEEE Photonics Technology Letters (2022)

Yuanfeng Di Chenglin Gu Zhong Zuo Daowang Peng Lulu Tang

Femtosecond optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) have numerous fundamental applications due to their high conversion efficiency and extensive spectral availability. As a premium alternative, aperiodic quasi-phase-matching crystal can extend the phase-matching bandwidth with its numerous poling periods. In OPO, it can considerably simplify the schematic design and generate broadband spectral coverage. In this study, using an aperiodically poled lithium niobate, we reported a widely tunable broadband OPO generating signal radiation across 1.4–

$1.8 \mu \text{m}$

and idler radiation across 4.0–

$2.4 \mu \text{m}$

. We also investigated the generated harmonics from the violet to near-infrared region, where up to 4th order harmonics (390 nm) upon cascaded quadratic nonlinearity was observed. This scheme demonstrates the potential of aperiodic QPM crystal for broadband OPO sources and provides a promising method for the future exploitation of broadband quasi-phase-matching phenomenon.

OPOS

Aperiodic graph

Crystal (programming language)

10.1109/lpt.2022.3179500

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Mid-infrared dual-comb spectroscopy for rapid temperature distribution characterization

Optics Letters (2023)

Xing Zou Menglin Zhang Chenyu Liu Zhong Zuo Yuanfeng Di

Due to the influence of chemical reactions, phase change, and other phenomena, the combustion system is a complicated high-temperature environment. Therefore, the spatio-temporally resolved monitoring of the temperature field is crucial for gaining a comprehensive understanding of the intricate combustion environment. In this study, we proposed a fast and high-precision temperature measurement technique based on mid-infrared (MIR) dual-comb spectroscopy with a high spectral resolution and fast refresh rate. Based on this technique, the spatio-temporally resolved measurement of a non-uniform temperature field was achieved along the laser path. To verify the capability of DCS for temperature measurement, the bandhead ro-vibrational lines of the CO2 molecule were acquired, and the 1-σ uncertainty of the retrieved temperature was 3.2°C at 800°C within 100 ms. The results demonstrate the potential of our fast and high-precision laser diagnostic technique which can be further applied to combustion kinetics.

Characterization

10.1364/ol.506609

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