Andrej Piltaver

Tehnološko raziskovalni center JUB

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Hojka Kraigher

Slovenian Forestry Institute

Tine Grebenc

Slovenian Forestry Institute

M.T. Veerkamp

Werkgoed (Netherlands)

Ruben Walleyn

Research Institute for Nature and Forest

Morten Christensen

Brigham Young University–Hawaii

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Péter Ódor

Institute of Ecology and Botany

Neven Matočec

Rudjer Boskovic Institute

Jacob Heilmann‐Clausen

University of Copenhagen

Irén Siller

Magyar Agrár- és Élettudományi Egyetem

Dušan Jurc

Slovenian Forestry Institute

Cooperative Institutions

University of Ljubljana

Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation

University of Zagreb

Slovenian Forestry Institute

University of Copenhagen

Magyar Agrár- és Élettudományi Egyetem

Mae Fah Luang University

Julius Kühn-Institut

Rudjer Boskovic Institute

Czech Academy of Sciences

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Communities of wood‐inhabiting bryophytes and fungi on dead beech logs in Europe – reflecting substrate quality or shaped by climate and forest conditions?

Journal of Biogeography (2014)

Jacob Heilmann‐Clausen Erik Aude Klaas van Dort Morten Christensen Andrej Piltaver

Abstract Aim Fungi are drivers of wood decay in forested ecosystem, while bryophytes use dead wood as a platform for their autotrophic lifestyle. We tested the hypothesis that fungal communities on beech logs are mainly structured by substrate quality, while bryophyte communities are structured by climatic gradients. In addition, we tested whether community structure in both organism groups is altered along a gradient from nearly pristine forest to forests heavily affected by management and human disturbance in the past. Location Europe. Methods We surveyed 1207 fallen beech logs in 26 of the best‐preserved forest stands across six European countries, representing a gradient in overall naturalness of the forest landscape. Recorded species were classified into ecological guilds. Indirect ordination and variation partitioning was used to analyse the relationship between species composition and environmental variables, recorded at log or site level. Results In total, 10,367 bryophyte and 15,575 fungal records were made, representing 157 and 272 species, respectively. Fungal communities were more clearly structured by substrate quality than were bryophyte communities. In both groups a distinct turnover in species composition was evident along a longitudinal gradient from Central to Western Europe. Fungi specialized in trunk rot and specialized epixylic bryophytes were scarcely represented in Atlantic regions, and partly replaced by species belonging to less specialized guilds. Variables related to climate and forest conditions were confounded along this main geographical gradient in community composition. Main conclusions We found that bryophyte and fungal communities co‐occurring on fallen beech logs in European beech forest reserves differed in their responses to biogeographical drivers and local‐scale habitat filters. Both groups responded to major gradients in climate and forest conditions, but the loss of specialist guilds in degraded forest landscapes points to a functionally important effect of forest landscape degradation at the European continental scale.

Bryophyte

High forest

Dead Wood

10.1111/jbi.12388

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Citations (77)

Fungi of Slovenia: species and distribution.

Dušan Jurc Andrej Piltaver ̧Nikica Ogris

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Citations (3)

The effects of habitat degradation on metacommunity structure of wood-inhabiting fungi in European beech forests

Biological Conservation (2013)

Panu Halme Péter Ódor Morten Christensen Andrej Piltaver M.T. Veerkamp

Nestedness

Gamma diversity

Coarse Woody Debris

Temperate forest

Litter

10.1016/j.biocon.2013.08.034

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Citations (43)

Genetic Structure and Relationships among Wild and Cultivated Grapevines from Central Europe and Part of the Western Balkan Peninsula

Genes (2020)

Goran Zdunić Katarina Lukšić Zóra Annamária Nagy Ana Mucalo Katarina Hančević

The genetic diversity and relationship between wild (Vitis vinifera L. subsp. sylvestris (Gmel.) Hegi and cultivated (V. vinifera L. subsp. vinifera) grapevine in the western Balkan region and Central Europe have not been studied together previously, although this area has a rich viticultural past. Here, we studied wild grapevine populations sampled from their natural habitats in several countries of the western Balkan region and Central Europe. Their genetic diversity and structure were compared to cultivars that are traditionally in use in this region. A sample set of 243 accessions was genotyped at 20 nuclear microsatellite loci, including 167 sylvestris and 76 diverse vinifera cultivars. The genetic diversity of the wild grapevines was lower than that of cultivars by all genetic parameters. Both hierarchical and nonhierarchical clustering methods differentiated two main groups, indicating clear separation between wild and cultivated vines but also revealed clear gene flow between the cultivated and wild gene pools through overlaps and admixed ancestry values in the graphs. There was greater affinity to the wild grapes in Central European cultivars than in Balkan cultivars. Fine arrangement of the structure among cultivated grapevines showed differentiation among Central European and Balkan cultivars. These results confirm the divergence of wild grapes from vinifera and highlight the “crossroad” role of the western Balkan peninsula in the broader context of European viticulture.

Balkan peninsula

Gene pool

Peninsula

10.3390/genes11090962

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Citations (25)

Lactarius illyricus sp. nov. from slovenia

Mycological Research (1992)

Andrej Piltaver

Lactarius

10.1016/s0953-7562(09)80500-5

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Citations (1)

Diversity and composition of dead wood inhabiting fungal and bryophyte communities in semi-natural beech forests in Europe

Péter Ódor Jacob Heilmann‐Clausen Morten Christensen Erik Aude K.W. van Dort

Species composition and diversity of fungi and bryophyte communities occurring on dead beech trees were analysed in five European countries (Slovenia, Hungary, The Netherlands, Belgium and Denmark). Altogether 1009 trees were inventoried in 19 beech dominated forest reserves. The realized species pool of fungi was approximately three times larger than that of bryophytes (456 versus 161 species). The two most important factors influencing the composition of both fungal and bryophyte assemblages were decay stage of the trees and geographic region. In the case of fungi the effect of decay stage exceeded the effect of geographical difference, whereas in the case of bryophytes it was the opposite. For both organism groups species richness per tree was positively associated with tree size. In the case of fungi obligate wood decaying species dominated the studied communities in all countries. Bryophyte communities were composed of species belonging to widely different ecological groups. The proportion of epixylic species was higher in Slovenia than in Hungary (more continental climate) and in the Atlantic region (lower naturalness of sites). The significance of bryophyte taxonomic groups changed with countries: in Slovenia hepatics, in Hungary and Denmark pleurocarps, and in The Netherlands and Belgium acrocarps were the most important. Diversity of communities differed considerably among regions. Slovenian sites were the hotspot of bryophyte diversity characterized by high alpha (species richness of trees) and beta (species richness of sites) diversity and a high fraction of rare and threatened species. Fungal alpha diversity is low, but beta diversity is high with rich occurrences of infrequent and threatened species. This richness is most likely caused by the combination of high air humidity and a very high degree of naturalness of the Slovenian sites. Hungarian stands are characterized by intermediate levels of fungal alpha and beta diversity, intermediate to rather high levels of bryophyte alpha and beta diversity, and very high fractions of rare and threatened fungal species. These characteristics reflect the relatively high naturalness of the study sites, as well as a rather continental climate. In the Danish sites alpha and beta diversity of fungal assemblages, as well as the number of infrequent species was high, while the number of threatened species was intermediate. For bryophytes, alpha diversity was low and beta diversity was intermediate. These characteristics are explained by a combination of forest history, present forest structure and climatic traits, and show that Danish beech reserves have a good potential for restoring rich bryophyte and fungal communities if more or bigger forest reserves are declared. The Belgium site was characterized by high alpha, but4 low beta fungal diversity, and intermediate alpha, but low beta bryophyte diversity, and a rather low frequency of threatened species. These patterns seem to reflect the favourable climate for growth in combination with severe impact from past human disturbance. The Dutch sites are characterized by low fungal alpha and beta diversity, and low bryophyte alpha, but intermediate beta diversity, and very low frequencies of threatened species in both groups. These characteristics clearly relate to the low degree of naturalness of the beech forests in The Netherlands.

Bryophyte

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An estimate of fir forest health based on mycobioindication: The Kriz stream catchment area, Gorski kotar, Croatia, a case study

Neven Matočec Oleg Antonić Dušan Mrvoš Andrej Piltaver Dalibor Hatić

Mato~ec, N., Antoni}, O., Mrvo{, D., Piltaver, A., Hati}, D. & Bukovec, D.: An estimate of fir forest health based on mycobioindication: the Kri` stream catchment area, Gorski kotar, Croatia, a case study. Nat. Croat., Vol. 9, No. 1., 15–33, 2000, Zagreb. Mycobioindication research was undertaken in the Kri` stream catchment area, so as to be able to evaluate current forest health. The forest cover within the area mainly consists of acidophilous fir forest. This study was a part of an Environmental Impact Assessment for a planned drinking water reservoir. The study area belongs to the Gorski kotar region (Croatia) which is subject to strong influence by air pollution from a nearby industrial region (Rijeka bay) and the remote transport of pollutants from heavily industrialised northern Italy. The decline of European silver fir forests in the area has been well documented in previous studies by various authors. For the needs of this research, spatial model of the hypothetical lead load distribution in the soil was extrapolated from a model developed for nearby Risnjak National Park. Plot design and spatial location were determined on the basis of this model. The research presented develops a rapid mycobioindication method, which yields results in line with those presented in the literature. Standardised late autumn fructifying ectomycorrhizal macromycete species with clear mycobioindicative values have been selected and analysed for species diversity and sporocarp productivity. This was done on five 2500 m2 plots distributed in such a way as to cover the whole range of the modelled hypothetical lead load levels. The observed mycobioindication showed a high correlation with the hypothetical lead load and fir defoliation. The spatial distribution of forest health proved to be highly mosaic, mainly as a result of the differing exposure of the spatially variable terrain to air pollution. The quality of the water supply from the future drinking water reservoir is highly dependent on the

Forest cover

Catchment area

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Citations (5)

Karta potencialnih rastišč poletne gomoljike (Tuber aestivum) kot pripomoček pri razvoju gomoljikarstva v Sloveniji

Novice iz varstva gozdov (2014)

Janez Bergant Andrej Piltaver ̧Nikica Ogris Borut Vrščaj Dušan Jurc

10.20315/nvg.7.2

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Monitoring and Genotyping of Wild Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. subsp. sylvestris) in Slovenia

Plants (2024)

Andrej Perko Oliver Trapp Erika Maul Franco Röckel Andrej Piltaver

Vitis vinifera L. subsp. sylvestris (sylvestris) is the only native wild grapevine in Eurasia (Europe and western Asia) and is the existing ancestor of the grapevine varieties (for wine and table grape production) belonging to the subsp. sativa. In Slovenia, the prevailing opinion has been that there are no Slovenian sylvestris habitats. This study describes sylvestris in Slovenia for the first time and aims to present an overview of the locations of the wild grapevine in the country. In this project, a sample set of 89 accessions were examined using 24 SSR and 2 SSR markers plus APT3 markers to determine flower sex. The accessions were found in forests on the left bank of the Sava River in Slovenia, on the border between alluvial soils and limestone and dolomite soils, five different sites, some of which are described for the first time. The proportion of female to male accessions differed between sites. At two sites, female plants dominated; at others, the ratio was balanced. The plants’ genetic diversity and structure were compared with autochthonous and unique varieties of subsp. sativa from old vineyards in Slovenia and with rootstocks escaped from nature from abandoned vineyards. Sylvestris was clearly distinguishable from vinifera and the rootstocks. Based on genetic analyses, it was confirmed that Slovenian sylvestris is closest to the Balkan and German sylvestris groups. Meanwhile, a safety duplication of the wild grapevine accessions has been established at the University Centre of Viticulture and Enology Meranovo, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences at the University of Maribor.

10.3390/plants13091234

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Citations (2)

Inventory and descriptions of wild grapevine (Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris) from Slovenia, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina

Goran Zdunić Erika Maul Katarina Lukšić Ana Mucalo Katarina Hančević

Croatian

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