E. Schulz

Schmalkalden University of Applied Sciences

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Klaus Benndorf

Friedrich Schiller University Jena

Vasilica Nache

Friedrich Schiller University Jena

Jana Kusch

Jena University Hospital

Jérôme Hannedouche

Université Paris-Saclay

АТ

А.С. Трифонов

Lomonosov Moscow State University

R. Guillot

Dmitry M. Lyubov

G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry

Jacqueline Collin

Université Paris-Sud

Heinz Stürm

Federal Institute For Materials Research and Testing

Thomas Eick

Jena University Hospital

Cooperative Institutions

Friedrich Schiller University Jena

Federal Institute For Materials Research and Testing

Jena University Hospital

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Technische Universität Berlin

Institut für Dünnschichttechnologie und Mikrosensorik

Université Paris-Sud

Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay

Imperial College London

Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research

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Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen von Polyamid‐6‐Fasern mit Modifikatorzusätzen unter Anwendung der Ätzung in der HF‐Glimmentladung

Acta Polymerica (1979)

Andreas Schaper E. Schulz Eberhard Taeger

Abstract Modifizierte Polyamid‐6‐Fasern wurden im Raster‐ und Transmissions‐Elektronenmikroskop untersucht. Die erhaltenen Ergebnisse gestatten Aussagen über die Art des Einbaus und über die Verteilung der Modifikatorzusätze (Titandioxid und Polyethylenoxid). Zur besseren Darstellung der morphologischen Struktur der Proben wurde für die Präparation die Ätzung in einer HF‐Glimmentladung eingesetzt.

10.1002/actp.1979.010301114

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Citations (3)

Untersuchungen von dünnen filmen auf basis von poly(p‐phenylen‐1,3,4‐oxadiazolen)

Die Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie (1992)

E. Schulz E. Leibnitz Albrecht Bauer R. Schmolke

Abstract Es wird über die Herstellung und Charakterisierung von dünnen Filmen aus Poly(p‐phenylen‐1, 3,4‐oxadiazolen) berichtet. Die aus H 2 SO 4 ‐Lösungen präparierten Filme besitzen eine gute optische Transparenz und sind mechanisch stabil. Filme aus Michungen mit Polyamiden zeigen ein ähnliches Verhalten und sind aufgrund ihrer thermischen Eigenschaften für spezielle Anwendungen interessant. Bei faserverstärkten Filmen zeigen erste Untersuchungen, daß spezielle Grenzflächenbereiche entstehen.

10.1002/apmc.1992.051950105

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Citations (2)

Fast functional mapping of ligand-gated ion channels

Communications Biology (2023)

Ralf Schmauder Thomas Eick E. Schulz Günther Sammler Elmar Voigt

Ligand-gated ion channels are formed by three to five subunits that control the opening of the pore in a cooperative fashion. We developed a microfluidic chip-based technique for studying ion currents and fluorescence signals in either excised membrane patches or whole cells to measure activation and deactivation kinetics of the channels as well as ligand binding and unbinding when using confocal patch-clamp fluorometry. We show how this approach produces in a few seconds either unidirectional concentration-activation relationships at or near equilibrium and, moreover, respective time courses of activation and deactivation for a large number of freely designed steps of the ligand concentration. The short measuring period strongly minimizes the contribution of disturbing superimposing effects such as run-down phenomena and desensitization effects. To validate gating mechanisms, complex kinetic schemes are quantified without the requirement to have data at equilibrium. The new method has potential for functionally analyzing any ligand-gated ion channel and, beyond, also for other receptors.

10.1038/s42003-023-05340-w

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The scanning force microscope as a tool for the detection of local mechanical properties within the interphase of fibre reinforced polymers

Composites Part A Applied Science and Manufacturing (1998)

Martin Munz Heinz Stürm E. Schulz G. Hinrichsen

Indentation

10.1016/s1359-835x(98)00077-3

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Citations (106)

Investigation of morphology-dependent fracture behaviour with the single-fibre pull-out test

Composites Science and Technology (1993)

Stefan Meretz W. Auersch C. Marotzke E. Schulz A. Hampe

Brittleness

Morphology

10.1016/0266-3538(93)90145-7

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Citations (44)

Subunit promotion energies for channel opening in heterotetrameric olfactory CNG channels

PLoS Computational Biology (2022)

Jana Schirmeyer Thomas Eick E. Schulz Sabine Hummert Christian Sattler

Cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) ion channels of olfactory sensory neurons contain three types of homologue subunits, two CNGA2 subunits, one CNGA4 subunit and one CNGB1b subunit. Each subunit carries an intracellular cyclic nucleotide binding domain (CNBD) whose occupation by up to four cyclic nucleotides evokes channel activation. Thereby, the subunits interact in a cooperative fashion. Here we studied 16 concatamers with systematically disabled, but still functional, binding sites and quantified channel activation by systems of intimately coupled state models transferred to 4D hypercubes, thereby exploiting a weak voltage dependence of the channels. We provide the complete landscape of free energies for the complex activation process of heterotetrameric channels, including 32 binding steps, in both the closed and open channel, as well as 16 closed-open isomerizations. The binding steps are specific for the subunits and show pronounced positive cooperativity for the binding of the second and the third ligand. The energetics of the closed-open isomerizations were disassembled to elementary subunit promotion energies for channel opening, ΔΔGfpn , adding to the free energy of the closed-open isomerization of the empty channel, E 0 . The ΔΔGfpn values are specific for the four subunits and presumably invariant for the specific patterns of liganding. In conclusion, subunit cooperativity is confined to the CNBD whereas the subunit promotion energies for channel opening are independent.

Cooperativity

10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010376

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Citations (3)

Probability Fluxes and Transition Paths in a Markovian Model Describing Complex Subunit Cooperativity in HCN2 Channels

Biophysical Journal (2013)

Klaus Benndorf Jana Kusch E. Schulz

Cooperativity

Cooperative binding

10.1016/j.bpj.2012.11.1569

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CCDC 256429: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

The Cambridge Structural Database (2005)

Jean‐Paul Collin J.‐C. Daran Olivier Jacquet E. Schulz Anton Trifonov

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Crystal (programming language)

10.5517/cc8ltxk

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CCDC 855074: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

The Cambridge Structural Database (2013)

Y. Chapurina R. Guillot Dmitry M. Lyubov Anton Trifonov Jérôme Hannedouche

10.5517/ccxps1d

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Functional Dimeric Organization of the Tetrameric HCN2 Pacemaker Channel

Biophysical Journal (2012)