Arthur B. Schneider

University of Illinois Chicago

Author Statistics

Papers

Citation

H-Index

i-10 index

Research Trends

Author Order

Document Type

Co-Authors

Elaine Ron

Sheba Medical Center

Jay H. Lubin

National Cancer Institute

Eileen Shore-Freedman

University of Illinois Chicago

Louis M. Sherwood

Harborview Medical Center

Murray J. Favus

University of Chicago

Dan Mihailescu

Cook County Health and Hospitals System

Theresa C. Gierlowski

Rush University

Harold Edelhoch

National Institutes of Health

Leon Fogelfeld

Cook County Health and Hospitals System

Steven Pinsky

University of Chicago

Cooperative Institutions

National Institutes of Health

National Cancer Institute

University of Chicago

University of Illinois Chicago

Mercy Hospital and Medical Center

Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics

Harvard University

University of California, San Francisco

Brigham and Women's Hospital

University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

Author Statistics

Papers

Citation

H-Index

i-10 index

Research Field

Prophylaxis Against Radiation Exposure from Radioiodine

Humana Press eBooks (2006)

Jacob Robbins Arthur B. Schneider

The major cause of accidental exposure to radioactive iodine that would endanger a sizable population is its release from the core of a functioning nuclear power-generating facility. Because the half-lives of the iodine radionuclides of interest are 8 d or less, an accident at a reactor that has been inactive for a relatively brief period would not create a risk. For similar reasons, it is unlikely that a terrorist act involving a "dirty bomb," or reactor waste products, would require prophylactic measures to protect the thyroid gland. This discussion applies primarily to large populations exposed to volatile radioiodines, rather than individuals who might be exposed in the setting of a scientific laboratory.

Radioactive iodine

Accidental

10.1007/978-1-59259-995-0_13

Cite

Citations (2)

Role of biomarkers in predicting the occurrence of thyroid neoplasms in radiation-exposed children

Endocrine Related Cancer (2018)

Joseph M Shulan Leonid Vydro Arthur B. Schneider Dan Mihailescu

With increasing numbers of childhood cancer survivors who were treated with radiation, there is a need to evaluate potential biomarkers that could signal an increased risk of developing thyroid cancer. We aimed to examine the relationships between thyrotropin and thyroglobulin levels and the risk of developing thyroid nodules and cancer in a cohort of radiation-exposed children. 764 subjects who were irradiated in the neck area as children were examined and followed for up to 25 years. All subjects underwent a clinical examination, measurements of thyrotropin, thyroglobulin levels and thyroid imaging. At baseline, 216 subjects had thyroid nodules and 548 did not. Of those with nodules, 176 underwent surgery with 55 confirmed thyroid cancers. During the follow-up, 147 subjects developed thyroid nodules including 22 with thyroid cancer. Thyroglobulin levels were higher in subjects with prevalent thyroid nodules (26.1 ng/mL vs 9.37 ng/mL; P < 0.001) and in those who had an initial normal examination but later developed thyroid nodules (11.2 ng/mL vs 8.87 ng/mL; P = 0.017). There was no relationship between baseline thyrotropin levels and the prevalent presence or absence of thyroid nodules, whether a prevalent neoplasm was benign or malignant, subsequent development of thyroid nodules during follow-up or whether an incident nodule was benign or malignant. In conclusion, in radiation-exposed children, higher thyroglobulin levels indicated an increased risk of developing thyroid nodules but did not differentiate between benign and malignant neoplasms. There was no association between the baseline TSH level and the risk of developing thyroid nodules or cancer.

Thyroid Nodules

Thyroglobulin

Nodule (geology)

10.1530/erc-17-0408

Cite

Citations (11)

A Perspective on the New Pooled Analysis of Radiation-Associated Thyroid Cancer

Clinical Thyroidology (2016)

Arthur B. Schneider Lene H.S. Veiga Jay H. Lubin

Download

10.1089/ct.2016;28.256-258

Cite

Citations (0)

Prospective Serum Thyroglobulin Measurements in Assessing the Risk of Developing Thyroid Nodules in Patients Exposed to Childhood Neck Irradiation*

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (1985)

Arthur B. Schneider Eileen Shore-Freedman U YUN RYO Carlos Bekerman Steven Pinsky

We examined 327 patients with a history of cervical radiation treatment for benign conditions and followed them for an average of 5.6 yr. These patients were selected because they initially had normal examinations and normal serum thyroglobulin levels. Of the 327 patients, 48 developed thyroid nodules, and an additional 30 had other clinical changes in their thyroids. Serum thyroglobulin increased by 4.0 ± 0.6 (±SEM) ng/ml in those who remained normal, by 13.4 ± 5.2 ng/ ml in those who were no longer normal, and by 17.1 ± 8.2 ng/ ml in those who developed nodules.. We conclude that increasing levels of serum thyroglobulin identify patients who should be examined and followed more carefully for thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer.

Thyroid Nodules

Thyroglobulin

10.1210/jcem-61-3-547

Cite

Citations (17)

Protecting the Thyroid in Times of Conflict (Ukraine 2022)

Thyroid (2022)

Daniel J. Toft Arthur B. Schneider

10.1089/thy.2022.0135

Cite

Citations (2)

Association between Benign Thyroid and Endocrine Disorders and Subsequent Risk of Thyroid Cancer among 4.5 Million U.S. Male Veterans

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (2012)

Sanjeeve Balasubramaniam Elaine Ron Gloria Gridley Arthur B. Schneider Alina V. Brenner

Risk factors for thyroid cancer (TC) in males are poorly understood. OBJECTIVES, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between history of benign thyroid and endocrine disorders and risk of TC among 4.5 million male veterans admitted to U.S. Veterans Affairs hospitals between July 1, 1969, and September 30, 1996.We conducted a retrospective cohort study based on hospital discharge records with 1053 cases of TC.We estimated relative risks (RR) and computed 95% confidence intervals (CI) for TC using time-dependent Poisson regression models. To evaluate potential ascertainment bias and/or delayed diagnosis of TC, we also analyzed RR by time between diagnosis of benign disorder and TC (<5 or ≥ 5 yr).RR for TC were significantly elevated with many disorders and were often higher less than 5 yr compared with 5 yr or more before TC diagnosis. RR (95% CI) less than 5 yr/at least 5 yr were 67.9 (42.4-108.8)/28.9 (9.2-90.2) for thyroid adenoma, 77.8 (64.5-93.1)/25.9 (17.9-38.0) for nontoxic nodular goiter, 23.9 (13.8-41.3)/12.9 (4.8-34.4) for thyroiditis, 8.8 (6.9-11.3)/6.0 (3.8-9.6) for hypothyroidism, 6.4 (4.4-9.4)/ 2.0 (0.8-4.8) for thyrotoxicosis, and 1.2 (1.0-1.4)/1.1 (0.9-1.5) for diabetes. For some disorders, RR also significantly varied by attained age and race with younger patients and Blacks having higher RR than older patients and Whites.We found strong associations for a history of thyroid adenoma, nodular goiter, thyroiditis, or hypothyroidism with TC in males allowing for increased surveillance/delayed diagnosis and evidence that some of these associations are modified by age and race.

Association (psychology)

10.1210/jc.2011-2996

Cite

Citations (39)

A Pooled Analysis of Thyroid Cancer Incidence Following Radiotherapy for Childhood Cancer

Radiation Research (2012)

Lene H.S. Veiga Jay H. Lubin Harald Anderson Florent de Vathaire Margaret A. Tucker

Childhood cancer five-year survival now exceeds 70–80%. Childhood exposure to radiation is a known thyroid carcinogen; however, data are limited for the evaluation of radiation dose-response at high doses, modifiers of the dose-response relationship and joint effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. To address these issues, we pooled two cohort and two nested case-control studies of childhood cancer survivors including 16,757 patients, with 187 developing primary thyroid cancer. Relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for thyroid cancer by treatment with alkylating agents, anthracyclines or bleomycin were 3.25 (0.9–14.9), 4.5 (1.4–17.8) and 3.2 (0.8–10.4), respectively, in patients without radiotherapy, and declined with greater radiation dose (RR trends, P = 0.02, 0.12 and 0.01, respectively). Radiation dose-related RRs increased approximately linearly for <10 Gy, leveled off at 10–15-fold for 10–30 Gy and then declined, but remained elevated for doses >50 Gy. The fitted RR at 10 Gy was 13.7 (95% CI: 8.0–24.0). Dose-related excess RRs increased with decreasing age at exposure (P < 0.01), but did not vary with attained age or time-since-exposure, remaining elevated 25 years after exposure. Gender and number of treatments did not modify radiation effects. Thyroid cancer risks remained elevated many decades following radiotherapy, highlighting the need for continued follow up of childhood cancer survivors.

10.1667/rr2889.1

Cite

Citations (107)

Thyroid Collars in Dental Radiology: 2021 Update

Thyroid (2021)

Arthur B. Schneider Michael M. Kaplan Dan Mihailescu

Background: In 2013, the American Thyroid Association (ATA) issued a "Policy Statement on Thyroid Shielding During Diagnostic Medical and Dental Radiology." The recently updated National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurement Radiation Protection in Dentistry and Oral and Maxillofacial Imaging (NCRP Report No. 177) prompts this review of progress related to patient thyroid shielding since the ATA statement was published. Summary: Relevant publications appearing since the ATA statement were identified by querying PubMed for "thyroid and dental and (collar or shielding)" and substituting specific dental radiographic procedures in the search. The search was expanded by reviewing the cited papers in the PubMed-retrieved papers and by use of the Web of Science to retrieve papers citing the PubMed retrieved publications. Although many quantitative studies have appeared reflective of current dental radiographic instrumentation and practice, much more can be done to foster minimizing radiation to the thyroid. Conclusions: We list seven areas that should be pursued. Among them are harmonizing guidelines for the use of thyroid collars based on the recent studies and a comprehensive survey of current dental radiological practice patterns.

Dental radiography

10.1089/thy.2021.0087

Cite

Citations (5)

Induction of Hemoglobin Accumulation in Human K562 Cells by Hemin Is Reversible

Science (1981)

Ann Dean François Erard Arthur B. Schneider Alan N. Schechter

Twenty micromolar hemin causes no change in the rate of division of K562 cells but results in accumulation of 11 to 14 picograms of embryonic and fetal hemoglobins per cell. This effect is reversible, and hemoglobin induction in response to hemin, and loss of hemoglobin upon removal of hemin, can be cyclically repeated. The cells can be indefinitely subcultured in the presence of the inducer. Thus, the control of hemoglobin levels in K562 cells does not depend on irreversible differentiation.

Hemin

Inducer

K562 cells

10.1126/science.6163216

Cite

Citations (135)

Polypeptide hormone interaction. 3. Conformational changes of glucagon bound to lysolecithin.

Journal of Biological Chemistry (1972)

Arthur B. Schneider Harold Edelhoch

Conformational change

Source

Cite

Citations (26)