Teodor Rusu

University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca

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Paula Ioana Moraru

University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca

Ileana Bogdan

University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca

Adrian Pop

Laboratoire d'Economie et de Management de Nantes Atlantique

Felicia CHEŢAN

University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca

P. Guş

University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca

AȘ

Alina ȘIMON

University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca

Mara Lucia SOPTEREAN

University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad

Cornel Cheţan

University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca

Horea Cacovean

University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca

Doina Clapa

University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca

Cooperative Institutions

University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca

132

University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad

Technical University of Cluj-Napoca

Babeș-Bolyai University

"Ion Ionescu de la Brad" Iasi University of Life Sciences

Centre for Agricultural Research

University of Agriculture Faisalabad

National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies

Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences

Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iași

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Limiting Factors for Agricultural Production and Differentiation of Soil Management in Romania

EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts (2017)

Paula Ioana Moraru Teodor Rusu Ileana Bogdan Adrian Pop Horia Pop

Limiting

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Spatial Soil Temperature and Moisture Monitoring Across the Transylvanian Plain in Romania

Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca Agriculture (2010)

Beatrix Haggard Teodor Rusu David C. Weindorf Horea Cacovean Paula Ioana Moraru

The Transylvanian Plain, Romania is an important region for agronomic productivity. However, limited soils data and adoption of best management practices hinder land productivity. Soil temperatures of the Transylvanian Plain were evaluated using a set of twenty datalogging stations positioned throughout the plain. Soil temperatures were monitored at the surface and at 10, 30, and 50 cm depths, and soil moisture was monitored at 10 cm. Preliminary results indicate that most soils of the Transylvanian Plain will have a mesic temperature regime. However, differences in seasonal warming and cooling trends across the plain were noted. These have important implications for planting recommendations. Growing degree days (GDDs) are preferred over maturity ratings, because they can account for temperature anomalies. The crop being considered for this study was corn. The base temperature (BT) was set at 10oC, and the upper threshold was 30oC. Two methods were used to calculate GDDs; 1) minimum and maximum daily temperatures, and 2) 24 h of averaged temperature data. Growing degree days were run from 110-199 day of year (DOY) to represent approximate planting date to tasseling. The DOY that 694 accumulated growing degree days (AGDDs) was reached at each site was then analyzed to identify differences across the TP. Three sites failed to reach 694 AGDDs by DOY 199, and were excluded from comparisons to other results. Averaged values were used to create spline interpolation maps with ArcMap 9.2 (ESRI, Redlands, CA, USA). The southeastern portion of the TP was found to tassel a month earlier assuming a planting date of 109 DOY. Four DeKalb® corn hybrids were then selected based on GDDs to tasseling, drydown, drought tolerance, and insect resistance. With a better understanding of the GDD trends across the TP, more effective planting and harvesting could be accomplished by Romanian farmers to maximize agronomic production.

Growing degree-day

Coastal plain

Growing season

10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:5023

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Citations (9)

Elemental Profile and 207Pb/206Pb, 208Pb/206Pb, 204Pb/206Pb, 87Sr/86Sr Isotope Ratio as Fingerprints for Geographical Traceability of Romanian Wines

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca (2017)

Florin Dumitru Bora Alina Donici Teodor Rusu Andrea Bunea Daniela Popescu

Geographical wine traceability is an important topic in the context of wine authentification. Therefore, many researchers have addressed this subject by developing different methodologies based on multivariate analysis of organic and inorganic parameters and also by isotopic signature. The goal of this research was to assess the potential of elemental composition and isotopic signature of lead (207Pb/206Pb, 208Pb/206Pb and 204Pb/206Pb) and strontium (87Sr/86Sr) of wines from three Romanian vineyards, in order to highlight reliable markers for wine geographical origin. The ICP-MS method was used for the concentration determination for 30 elements (Ag, Al, As, Ba, Be, Bi, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, Ga, In, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Rb, Se, Sr, Tl, V, U, Zn, Hg). In this study 10 wines (2 red and 8 white) obtained from ‘Merlot’, ‘Fetească neagră’, ‘Fetească albă’, ‘Fetească regală’, ‘Băbească gri’, ‘Șarba’, ‘Aligoté’, ‘Sauvignon blanc’, ‘Muscat Ottonel’, ‘Italian Riesling’ cultivars were investigated. The wine samples were obtained from micro-wine production under conditions of 2014, 2015, 2016 from Dealu Bujorului, Murfatlar and Ștefănești-Argeș vineyards. The high level of K (148.66±5.41-633.74±4.13 mg/L), Mg (88.23±0.84-131.66±3.42 mg/L), Ca (49.84±1.22-89.18±2.34) and Fe were observed in the wine samples analysed. Heavy metals like Hg, Pb, As and Cd (10.2-315 µg/L) were found below acceptable limits. Concentration of Na (1 mg/L), Cu (1 mg/L), As (0.2 mg/L), Cd (0.01 mg/L), Zn (5 mg/L) and Pb (0.15 mg/L) metals in analysed wine samples were under Maximum Permissible Limits (MPL), respectively as published by the Organization of Vine and Wine. The variation of the 207Pb/206Pb, 208Pb/206Pb, 204Pb/206Pb and 87Sr/86Sr ratio and K/Rb, Ca/Sr of the investigated wine clearly demonstrated that these variables are suitable traces for wine geographical origin determination. The proposed methodology allowed a 100% successful classification of wines according to the region of provenance.

Radiogenic nuclide

10.15835/nbha46110853

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Study Regarding Growing and Development Stages at Soybean Genotypes

Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca Agriculture (2020)

Adrian NEGREA Teodor Rusu Raluca Rezi Camelia Urdă Vasilena SUCIU

Soybean is one of the most important sources of vegetable oil and protein. The aim of this study is to evaluate the behavior of 75 European soybean genotypes from four maturity groups regarding the influence of climatic conditions of 2020 on soybean main growing and development stages. The experiment was conducted at the ARDS Turda in 2020, using a complete randomized block design with three replications. Dates of emergence (VE) and beginning of flowering (R1), were recorded for all 75 soybean cultivars from each of the four maturity groups (000 to I). Results obtained show that growing, and development stages of the studied soybean genotypes are according both with: thermal units and daily period from sunrise to sunset. Effects of daylength and temperature on soybean development were estimated. The rate of development to flowering was fastest for the very early genotypes than for genotypes in the semi-early maturity group (MG).

Soybean oil

10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:2020.0028

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Optimization of the Technology of Rapeseed Cultivation Within the West Plain of Romania

DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (2015)

A. Bekeș Teodor Rusu Paula Ioana Moraru I. Ivan Horia Pop

Optimization of agricultural technologies in private farms can not be conceived without sustainable development to be integrated in new technological elements, economically efficient and profitable and sustainable relationship with the environment. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of sowing, fertilization and distance between rows, on the development and production of the rape culture or technology optimization of winter rape growing in the Carei plain. Research carried out leading to the recommendation that seeding in the Carei plain should be done in late August. The seeding era is of particular importance in relation to climatic conditions. Fertilization influence rapeseed production depending on the composition in the complex fertilizer. The best results are obtained when fertilization type b 1 - 8:24:24 + microelements, as well as fertilization type b 2 - 7:10:32 + microelements. Fertilization is a centerpiece of technologies with the greatest impact on yield. The recommended distance between rows in the research area is 25 cm or 37.5 cm. Sowing density, provided by the number of grains per m 2 germinable, provided in the field and the distance between rows of the rape, it is important because of its positive correlation with the number of plants/m 2 present in the chain forming plant density and harvest. The distance between rows and the mass of a thousand grains acquis has influence also on weed control in the rapeseed crop.

10.15835/arspa.v95i3-4.11642

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RESULTS OBTAINED FROM MAIZE PRODUCTION DURING THE PERIOD 2012-2013 IN MINIMUM TILLAGE, AT ARDS TURDA

Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca Agriculture (2014)

Felicia CHEŢAN Teodor Rusu Cornel Cheţan Alina ȘIMON Mircea Ignea

Minimum tillage systems on soil chasing the conservation and efficient use of natural resources, biological and water. By surrendering to plowghing with moldboard plowÂ in whole or in part by streamlining periodic tillage and keep at the ground surface of at least 15-30% of all plant debris, protect soil theÂ sheeterosion, it also eliminating Â at the same time the phenomenon of soil compaction. A proper crop rotation is alternating in culture plants with strong rooting with shallow rooting plants, leguminous plantsÂ have favorable effect for the successor cultures, soil nitrogen impruvement and contributing to the development of the root system. In research conducted at ARDSÂ TurdaÂ on Â 2012-2013, in the cultivation of maize in the system with minimal compared to classic productions obtained system reflects the fact that maize is still a pretentious plant both climatic conditions and approach towards soil requirements. The influence of the year are very strong for corn production , he differences being of 689 kg/ha in the variant with a seeding and fertilization along with 414 kg/ha in the variant with additional fertilization. By applying minimum tillage system soil aims primarily to combat soil erosion and water retention in the soil so it is so specially important to watch the long term effect of applying them to the environment.

Plough

Soil Compaction

Crop Rotation

Chisel

10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:10256

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Soil Temperatures of the Transylvanian Plain, Romania

Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca Agriculture (1970)

David C. Weindorf Beatrix Haggard Teodor Rusu Horea Cacovean Stephanie Johnson

The Transylvanian Plain, Romania is an important region for agronomic productivity. However, limited soils data and adoption of best management practices can hinder land productivity. Soil temperatures of the Transylvanian Plain were evaluated using a set of twenty datalogging stations positioned throughout the plain. Soil temperatures were monitored at the surface, 10 cm, 30 cm, and 50 cm, and soil moisture was monitored at 10 cm. Pedons were excavated, described, and sampled for physicochemical analysis. Preliminary results indicate that most soils of the Transylvanian Plain will have a mesic temperature regime. However, differences in seasonal warming and cooling trends across the plain were noted. These have important implications for planting recommendations. Some soils of the plain were noted to freeze at 50 cm, while others did not. Longer term study of temperatures of the Transylvanian Plain will average out annual variation in soil temperature and evaluate the impact of slope aspect, slope inclination, soil moisture, and physicochemical properties on soil temperatures.

10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:3979

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Soil tillage conservation and its effect on soil organic matter, water management and carbon sequestration.

Journal of Food Agriculture & Environment (2010)

Paula Ioana Moraru Teodor Rusu

Organic matter is an extremely important constituent of soils and it is vital to many of the hydrological, biological and chemical reactions required for sustaining plant life. We present the influence of conventional plough tillage system on soil, water and organic matter conservation in comparison with an alternative minimum tillage system (paraplow, chisel plow and rotary harrow). The application of minimum tillage systems increased the organic matter content from 0.8 to 22.1% and water stabile aggregate content from 1.3 to 13.6% 0-30 cm in depth, as compared to the classical system. For the organic matter content and the wet aggregate stability, the statistical analysis of the data showed, increasing positive significance of minimum systems. While the soil fertility and the wet aggregate stability were initially low, the effect of conservation practices on the soil features resulted in a positive impact on the water permeability of the soil. Availability of soil moisture during the crop growth resulted in better plant water status. Subsequent release of conserved soil water regulated proper plant water status, soil structure, and lowered soil penetrometer resistance.

Soil structure

Soil Management

Minimum tillage

Soil carbon

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Citations (51)

Land Use Favourability Assessment Based on Soil Characteristics and Anthropic Pollution. Case Study Somesul Mic Valley Corridor, Romania

Agronomy (2020)

I. Matei Ioan Păcurar Sanda Roşca Ștefan Bilașco Paul Sestraș

The Someș Corridor, located in the central Transylvanian region of Romania, is a territory characterised by favourable conditions for habitation and land use with agricultural purposes, offering suitable premises for the development of the settlements and the economic activities taking place in the area. This study aims to identify the parcels of land from outside the built-up area, which can be used as arable land, this particular use being pursued due to the favourability induced by the pedological resources, the morphometrical characteristics of the Someș floodplain and, last but not least, the climatic conditions. GIS technology has been used, enabling the management of the databases representing soil, topography and climatic factors, and thus obtaining the classification of all land parcels using favourability classes for agricultural land use. In order to perform a correct favourability classification, the degree of soil pollution and groundwater pollution have been analysed, using chemical tests of water and soil profiles taken in the area of former abandoned industrial platforms, which are intended to be reintroduced in the local economic use. The highest degree of soil pollution with ammonium and sulphates has been identified in the industrial park from Dej city, on the territory of the former industrial platform of the paper factory, this pollution modifying the quality scores of arable land use, despite the fulfilment of favourable climatic and topographic conditions.

Arable land

Agricultural land

Soil Quality

Human settlement

10.3390/agronomy10091245

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Citations (19)

Agrotechnical systems to conserving water in the soil for wheat crop.

Scientific Papers - Series A, Agronomy (2018)

Felicia CHEŢAN Teodor Rusu Cornel Cheţan Paula Ioana Moraru Alina ȘIMON

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Citations (1)